출석 및 과제점검표(재택수업 스스로 점검하기)

학과:행정학과

학번:22104336

주(날짜)	출석(당일)	지각(해당주)	결석(그이후)	과제	비고
1주차(1)	○				수강정정기간
1주차(2)	○				수강정정기간
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8주차 중간고사
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10주차(2)		○			독감
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기말고사
과제1(제출일자)				O
과제2((제출일자)				O
계	21	3	1	2

이름:박사랑

강의 요약 정리

1주차(1)

Urban administration requires an understanding of the concept of administration and the concept of the city at the same time, with the various public activities that occur in the geographical location of the city as the object of research.

The government is expanding into a virtual space, and each city is entering an internationally competitive society that can only survive if it is equipped with international economic power.

Academic content is also important, but efforts must be made to ensure that individual abilities are internationally competitive. Recent economies of scale and agglomeration have led to the growth of cities, and the development of the most central market based on the theory of balance.

Cities and nature need sustainable change more than sustainable development.

1주차(2)

2주차(1)

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3주차(1)

We have learnt several different class individually but cannot integrate with these different knowledge. We don‘t need to stick to these classic paradigm of study. We have to train our brain for the better outcome of information society. These days, English became native language around the world. Humans learn technology from natural environment. Because fossil energy is exhausted, we cannot survive with just fossil energy.

3주차(2)

Cities are places ‘where‘ people gather and run markets.

You could say it's a place to live. A city is a densely populated area ‘where‘ many people live together. population density only If so, it's not a city. As a standard to solve this, cities should compensate workers in secondary and tertiary industries. In some cases, relative weight to the enemy is used as a basis. However, the era of convergence has arrived in earnest. The point is that the same distinction becomes increasingly blurred. Cities with a focus on function He defines it as the core and the city as the gathering place of all information. ‘where‘ new energy comes from As the center of information function concentration, it provides infinite vitality and sustainability as a function of the information center.

4주차(1)

Multiple sub-regions will gather together to form a large whole area and perform another function

In this case, it is called the regional structure.  Within the city, commercial areas, industrial areas, residential areas, business areas, etc., which have different characteristics, etc Gather together and form a single urban area. In other words, it refers to the relationship between the elements that make up the urban area and the whole. When economic locations with the same functions are concentrated in a specific area within a city to form a large number of groups, for example, a restaurant street, It's an example of a financier, etc. In another case, a particular economic location, such as retail, is isolated between different types of economic locations Formation charts can find isolated locations. Cities are both production locations and consumption locations for secondary and tertiary industries. It occupies a space of a certain size, which is a residential area The entire city forms a single nodular region by functionally combining isomorphic regions such as commercial regions and CBD with other regions.

4주차(2)

Hyot said in 1939 that the regional structure of a residential area in an inner area of a city could be identified as a fan-shaped linear structure The main point is to use the largest residential area in urban areas to return to the land It was classified into a high-altitude area, a medium-altitude area, and a low-altitude area. Distribution factors of land areas include changes in population, economic fluctuations, etc

The changes in the form of urban growth and land use are newly organized when housing is built on public land within the existing residential area There is a horizontal expansion in which houses are built on the outskirts of the city. As a result, the population around the city has increased rapidly, and the population of the city center,  With the decline in purchasing power and the development of shopping centers comparable to the city center, work areas are being created around the city center. Since concentric theory and linear ireno were both developed on the premise of a mononuclear city, they criticized these two theories, and all of them were in the core It is physically impossible for urban functions to be concentrated, and inside the city, the core is avoided and urban functions are separated There is an argument that a factor is at work. The separation factor is that the core is highlands, and the center of urban activities is intercity transportationIt depends on the type of land space used. It's called the core theory, the land of the cityReproduction around these nuclei Based on the fact that it is possible, the central business district is located at the point ‘where‘ transportation institutions gather inside the city, and the wholesale business district and the light industry district are It is located in a place such as the railroad side, which is the focus of intercity transportation, and is adjacent to the central business district.

The larger the size of the city, the more diverse and specialized these core sites are.

5주차(1)

The establishment of a theory is not just an exploration of knowledge of truth, but also an application of a theory to improve reality to obtain results be in securing the substance. There are four criteria for this purpose. Specifically, the theory is that the process by which a city is structured and grown To represent, it must have a dynamic aspect, be able to explain empirical evidence, and be proven. And internal logic and consistency There must be and represent the status quo. Residential areas account for the largest number of areas in urban areas, and these areas vary by area Although it is different, it is around 40%, and the smaller the size of the city, the larger the proportion of residential areas. Depending on the type, location, and characteristics of each residential area, Provide adequate living space for urban residents. Single-family housing, row houses, high-rise apartments, and rental housing depending on the type of housing

The location of the house depends not only on the location of the house, but also on the type of occupancy, income level, housing type, age, race, marital status, etc They are said to move their homes over time, and the amount of housing continues to change. Generally speaking, people prefer to own their own houses It goes in that direction, but not all urban residents can satisfy this purpose. The city's home ownership is about income and race be greatly influenced White people live in residential areas above average, and cities in South America have high incomes in urban areas In some cases, Korea has a similar pattern.

5주차(2)

Settlement is closely related to the stability of housing or the formation of villages, and such settlement system did not occur before agriculture developed. The transition of Western cities is the most distinctive feature of the Greek city-state, which is an autonomous city with a democratic nature, and the classical democratic system has been saved in urban planning, including the city square, Agora, and the grid-type street network. Rome's urban planning is based on Greek urban planning, Greece is interested in beauty, defense ports, and fertile soil in urban construction, Rome is interested in road pavement, water supply, and sewage, and has a public bath called Thermae and a subclass colony called Insula. Most of the medi cities are mountainous and form solid bodies, usually circular in shape and consisting of castles and arcs, and representative cities include Carcasson in France and Nordlingen in Germany, and their physical characteristics are walls, markets, and temples. Major cities in Korea, including the metropolitan area, coexist with relatively urban areas and underdeveloped areas that lack urban facilities in terms of excessive population concentration and insufficient infrastructure in surrounding areas. In order to overcome this regional imbalance in the modern urban world and grow in a desirable direction, a reorganization of the regional structure is required.

6주차(1)

n the urban era, rapid growth accompanied by industrialization greatly changed not only the industrial structure but also the regional structure. In other words, urbanization concentrated capital and population into large cities, and accompanied by the external expansion of cities. In Korea, urbanization is almost achieved, but urbanization continues to occur in terms of functionality. Recently, it has emerged as a prominent phenomenon in Latin America in Southeast Asia. The high fertility rate, low mortality rate, and low population speed in these countries have resulted in accelerating population migration to large cities. Various urban problems arise due to the inability to prepare appropriate measures for the unplanned urban concentration of the population. Lack of available land and facilities due to air and water pollution and population density, and the city's huge buildings cause inhalation of daytime population, causing housing and traffic problems, not to mention various pollution In order to maintain a city, more regulations and administrative costs are involved, and the larger the city, the more urban residents bring self-immolation and the local community system.

6주차(2)

Urbanization (or urbanisation) refers to the population shift from rural to urban

areas, the decrease in the proportion of people living in rural areas, and the ways in

which societies adapt to this change.It is predominantly the process by

which towns and cities are formed and become larger as more people begin living

From the early development of Mesopotamia and Egypt to the 18th century, balance existed among many people. It is a population of cities engaged in self-sufficient agriculture in the context of rural areas, and economic activities mainly consist of small markets and manufacturing industries through trade. Due to the primitive and relatively stagnant state of agriculture throughout this period, the ratio of rural to urban population remained at a fixed equilibrium. Urbanization occurs either organically or planned as a result of individual, collective and state action. Living in a city can be culturally and economically beneficial since it

can provide greater opportunities for access to the labor market, better education, housing, and safety conditions, and reduce the time and expense of commuting and transportation. Conditions like density, proximity, diversity, and marketplace competition are elements of an urban environment that deemed beneficial.

첨부파일

7주차(1)

Urban heat islands are formed when industrial and urban areas are produced and preserved. Much of the solar energy reaching rural areas is consumed by evaporation. New birth rates, urban dwellers immediately fall to replacement rates and continue to decline, resulting in environmental stress from population growth.

Rural areas reduce disruptive self-sufficient agricultural techniques such as improperly implemented slash and burn farming. Urbanization can improve the quality of the environment for many reasons. Urbanization, for example, raises the level of income that encourages eco-friendly things. Demand for the service sector and eco-friendly and environmental compliance increases. Compared to the rural areas, urban areas have excellent facilities and better living standards Urbanization inhibits pollution emissions by increasing R&D and innovation. However, the occurrence of eutrophication in waters is another effect on the environment of many urban populations. When it rains in these big cities, the rain is directly washed into rivers, streams, and oceans of pollutants like CO2 and other greenhouse gases in the air, causing water quality to deteriorate It causes and damages the marine ecosystem. Eutrophication refers to the process of hypoxia and algal blooms. Harmful algae that produce dangerous toxins It thrives in a nutrient environment rich in nitrogen and phosphorus. The ocean surface also absorbs carbon dioxide from the Earth's atmosphere as emissions increase with the increase in urbanization have the ability The ocean absorbs a quarter of the carbon dioxide produced by humans. The rapid growth of the community creates new challenges in one with the advanced countries. Such a challenge is the increase in food waste, also known as urban food. unused products, expired Alternatively, the increase in food waste due to spoilage raises environmental concerns, such as an increase in methane gas production. Urbanization causes habitat fragmentation, which leads to greater biodiversity It can have an impact.

7주차(2)
The economic and social crisis caused by COVID-19 is spreading around the world, and its impact requires an overall reorganization of the lifestyle of urban people.

Some economists predict that a prolonged current situation could lead to a more serious economic crisis and reshape the global economic order than the 1998 financial crisis or the 2008 financial crisis.

The global spread of COVID-19 will also have a direct impact on urban policy and urban planning and design.

Solutions should be sought on the premise that infectious diseases such as COVID-19 do not end up passing once, but can recur at any time and can become diseases that will attack humans in a more serious way through the creation of strains or new viruses.

It is necessary to unite the power of collective intelligence in national disasters such as these infectious diseases to overcome national crises and fears and seek solutions.

In terms of urban policy, it is necessary to check the current status from a new perspective and come up with measures in terms of facility installation standards, purchasing and consuming goods and services, working and leisure methods, contacting people, securing hygiene, moving places, using space, and social participation.

In addition, it is necessary to find a reasonable solution to cope with new changes by drawing a consensus on overall changes centered on experts with accumulated experience and collective intelligence on issues by subject.

There is also a crisis in public transportation. Due to the spread of COVID-19, the number of road, rail, and air users has decreased sharply as human and material movements or exchanges have been restricted and prohibited in various spaces such as countries, regions, and cities.

In particular, the damage is the most serious in international flights, with only 78,000 international passengers at Incheon International Airport as of the end of March 2020, down 96% compared to 1.736 million passengers during the same period in 2019.

Public transportation such as air, buses, urban railroads, trains, and taxis should be used in a concentrated form in a closed space, so that the number of users decreases due to concerns about infection and imports decrease.

In this way, the 'sharing economy', which had been in the spotlight as an alternative to the concept of ownership of the mass-san Mountain system, was immediately dampened.

Demand for the tourism and lodging industry is decreasing, and Airbnb accommodation sharing companies are also facing difficulties due to strong rejection of facility sharing. It was predicted that recovery would take a long time or that recovery at the same level as in the past would be practically impossible.

Due to COVID-19, the non-face-to-face decision-making method has also expanded, leading to a crisis of direct participatory decision-making.

COVID-19 is putting various types of stakeholders in a closed space such as public hearings, briefing sessions, debates, and seminars in crisis, explaining urban policies and development projects directly and making important decisions through discussions.

The way of working also changed, and the demand for traditional office space also decreased. It promoted the effect of inducing people to work separately at work and home by working from home one or two days a week as well as complete telecommuting like a telecommuting center.

And the demand for white-collar office space is expected to shrink. It is expected that the demand for shared offices such as smart work used by many unspecified people as well as general office space will decrease at the same time.

As sales of restaurants and entertainment establishments decreased and space demand shrank, COVID-19 induced rapid growth in sales of the food delivery service industry. As the demand for customers directly consumed in restaurants decreases and the demand for door-to-door packaging or delivery increases, only cooking space is secured to reduce costs and deliver

The number of self-employed people trying to operate has increased. However, the vacancy rate is expected to increase mainly in shopping malls with hygiene problems and low accessibility.

In order to live in the COVID-19 era, you must adhere to the basic principles of urban planning. The technological innovation to be accelerated by COVID-19 should be actively accepted at the urban level, and it should be approached by dividing it into "emergency" ‘‘where‘‘ an emergency occurs and "long-term measures" based on a situation ‘‘where‘‘ a crisis is indigenous.

9주차(1)

GIS is system of computer software, hardware and data, and personnel to help manipulate, analyze and present information that is tied to a spatial location.

GPS is Global positioning system. A static map is  paper or digital. Maps are often a product of a GIS. A way to visualize the analysis.

Estimates are that 80% of all data has a spatial component. Data from most sciences can be analyzed spatially.

GIS is  method to visualize, manipulate, analyze, and display spatial data and linking a database to the map.

Data for GIS applications is Digitized and Scanned Map. Data bases is tables of data, GPS is global positioning system.

Some Ways GIS is Used is Emergency Services, Environmental, Business, Industy, Government, Education. ‘where‘ver Spatial Data Analysis is Needed.

9주차(2)

It is the data structure and characteristics of GIS.

Data is not processed into a simple set of facts or numbers that represent the real world, and is meaningless in itself. Information is meaning derived from one or more data, easy to share, and new information can be generated through analysis. Among the classifications of information, geospatial information is turned into location data and characteristic data. The location data is composed of relative location data absolute location data, and the characteristic data is composed of graphic data, image data, and attribute data. The location data is information indicating a point or line position on an image or map as a plane position or a vertical position. Relative location data represents location information, historical location, or phase relationship criteria in model space, and absolute location data represents location information in actual space, ground, and underground. It is a standard of location in the ocean or in space.

Among the characteristic information, the graphic data is composed of six graphic elements for explaining the map shape and annotation. Enter a constant grid, Vector, and Raster type. Image information is input by quantifying image or photographic information obtained through satellites or aircraft. For example, there are aerial photographic images and satellite images. Attribute information represents the characteristics, quality, relationship, and topographical location of the map shape. The characteristics of the Vector data are expressed as spatial data by dots, lines, and planes. The object has size and direction, can manage data for each object, and is advantageous in forming a phase structure. The characteristics of Leicester data are similar to the picture, and it is difficult to easily acquire and update the data due to scanning. The characteristics of the SURFACE data are modeling the surface using altitude values in addition to the x and y plane positions. The advantages of baekteo data are similar to the actual shape of the map, can be expressed with high resolution, and have high spatial accuracy. The disadvantage is that it has a complex structure, requires a high level, and the construction costs are high.

The advantage of Leicester data is that it uses a simple structure, easy to analyze, and relatively low-level technology. The disadvantages are low spatial accuracy, low resolution, and large data capacity. The discipline that indicates the relationship with shape or location regardless of amount or size with respect to points, lines, planes, and locations in space is called phase structure.

Phase setting has a spatial topological relationship between a series of topographic elements and consists of complex elements from simple elements.

The characteristics of the GIS-related data management structure are classified into four types: plane structure, hierarchical structure, organizational network structure, and relationship structure.

The planar structure is fast to search for data and is easy to write programs.

The hierarchical structure allows the addition and deletion of various records, and the data search speed is fast due to high-level records The organizational network structure requires a wide storage area for data storage with various access paths and complex data storage.

The relationship structure allows general users to access data. It is not affected by the addition of data or the establishment of a new relationship.

10주차(1)

It is referred to as the era of planning today, but it is difficult to distinguish accurately. However, in theory, the classification of plans is classified into social plans and spatial plans according to the nature of public plans.

The scope of social planning generally refers to all fields of social science, including politics, economy, and culture. In other words, it is an area that deals with the public interest. Spatial planning is a plan to create harmony between human activity patterns and the functional space that accommodates them, mainly referred to as physical planning.

The process of preparing a realistic plan based on the theoretical background and finding the strategy or means of operation of policy execution is called the process of planning. One thing that is clearly common in the planning process is that planning activities must be carried out in the order of work, and the process of deriving the plan through a chain of goals and means.

It consists of eight steps, and the first step is problem identification.

It starts with a real sense of problem. The second is the goal setting, the process of specifying the goal into a feasible purpose while it is generally unclear. The next schedule, predictive analysis, and plan are always future-oriented and currently lacking data or knowledge. To overcome this, data collection, analysis technology, and information processing are very important, and results can be predicted to some extent through quantitative and qualitative analysis.

The fourth is the setting of alternatives. It is to prepare various necessary alternatives through the above prediction technique and set the optimal alternatives possible under constraints.

Fifth, feasibility analysis, whether the alternatives already prepared are practically feasible, or whether these alternatives are reasonable.

The sixth is to uate whether it is an efficient or practically acceptable plan to achieve a given goal, and to execute it by ‘select‘ing the final draft.

10주차(2)

It's a classification of plans. It is referred to as the era of planning today, but it is difficult to distinguish accurately. However, in theory, the classification of plans is classified into social planning and spatial planning according to the nature of public planning. The scope of social planning refers to all areas of social science, including politics, economy, and culture, and is a field that deals with the interests of participating groups, that is, the public interest, rather than individual problems. Spatial planning is a plan to create harmony between human activity patterns and the functional space that accommodates them, which is mainly referred to as physical planning.

The process of preparing a plan based on a theoretical background and finding a strategy for policy execution or a means of operation is called the process of planning.  Planning activities are necessarily carried out according to the order of work, and it is a process of deriving a plan through a chain of goals and means.

11주차(1)

The term "urban plan" means a plan for land use, transportation, sanitation, water and sewage, park green areas, etc. to promote the sound development of cities and to promote public well-being and public welfare. The purpose is to promote the sound development of cities by prescribing necessary matters and to contribute to the promotion of public well-being order and public welfare. In a narrow sense, there is an urban development plan, a legal urban plan, and it includes regional planning and local development plans in a broad sense. As a city planning system, the Urban Planning Act is divided into urban basic plans that present urban development and future, and urban management plans that impose specific development directions and regulations on land use and buildings.  For urban development, urban planning contributes to stabilizing urban development by excluding trial and error in administration and continuously promoting consistent policies, thereby enhancing the validity of policies and administration and predicting changes in conditions in advance.

11주차(2)

Urban planning refers to a series of processes to establish and implement a desirable future image of a city. It is also a tool to predict the future level of development of the city, assume a desirable form in advance, and manage the city soundly and appropriately through necessary regulations, induction policies, or maintenance measures. The reason for the need for urban planning is that as the population is concentrated in cities, cities have become overcrowded and spread in disorder, resulting in various urban problems. It is necessary to alleviate or solve these urban problems and prevent problems that may occur in the distant future. There are three systems of national and urban planning: metropolitan urban planning, urban basic planning, and urban management planning. Among them, the metropolitan urban plan is similar to the basic urban plan in that it presents a long-term development direction, but there is also a difference in that it is a plan for two or more administrative districts. The metropolitan city plan is a plan to present long-term development directions to interlink the spatial structure and functions of two or more adjacent special cities, cities, cities, or counties, preserve the environment, and systematically improve metropolitan facilities. It presents development directions and guidelines through wide-area facilities, spatial structure initiatives, functional sharing, and green area management systems. An urban master plan is a comprehensive plan that presents basic spatial structure and long-term development directions for the jurisdiction of a special city, metropolitan city, city or county, and refers to a plan that serves as a guide to the establishment of an urban management plan. In addition, the urban management plan is a legal plan that is binding on residents' private land use, that is, the building waste rate, floor area rate, and number of floors in construction activities, and is a plan to specify and realize the contents presented in the metropolitan urban plan and basic urban plan.

12주차(1)

The district unit plan is a plan that is established by considering both the three-dimensional building plan and the flat land use plan for the cities and villages ‘where‘ we live. This streamlines land use, secures a good residential environment, and induces systematic and planned development of the area.

The purpose of establishing a district unit plan for urban areas is to create an environmentally friendly urban environment ‘where‘ humans and nature coexist in certain areas in urban areas and to enable sustainable urban development or urban management.  The purpose of non-urban areas is to prevent reckless development in planned management areas or development promotion zones, to reestablish areas and functions by sufficiently installing infrastructure, and to improve the functions and aesthetics of surrounding areas and cities and counties to create eco-friendly and sustainable cities. The district unit plan shall be established by the composition of the person who has the authority to draft, the person who has the authority to decide, the residents, the public officials, and the council The district unit plan shall conduct a basic survey, prepare a district unit plan, listen to residents' opinions, apply for a decision, consult with the relevant administrative agencies, deliberate on the city planning return committee, make a decision, and read it. The district unit plan is a new plan created by integrating urban design under the Building Act 1980 and detailed planning under the Urban Planning Act 1991 into the Urban Planning Act in 2000.

12주차(2)

It is an era in which urban competitiveness determines national competitiveness. In Korea, ‘where‘ 90% of the population lives in cities, it is no exaggeration to say that the city is what the Republic of Korea is. Moreover, as globalization and openness accelerate, regional and urban competition is intensifying rather than between countries, and new urban policies in response to changes in the internal and external environment are needed. It is expected to enter an aging society in 2018 and reach an ultra-aged society in 2026 due to a decrease in the fertility rate and an extension of the average life expectancy. In addition, there are many problems, such as an increase in cultural diversity due to the continuous increase in the number of foreign residents. There is a need for urban policies that can adjust the supply and demand of living areas and convenience facilities due to future population decline and changes in demographic structure, and reflect various demands such as the elderly population and multicultural families.  In order to improve Korea's urban appearance in the future, it aims to be a competitive vital city, a convenient living city, an attractive cultural city, and a clean greenbird city.

13주차(1)

The district unit plan shall be designated as a planned management area, and if the apartment or row house construction plan is included in the multi-family housing, it shall be at least 100,000 square meters if the district unit plan area is a nature conservation area under the Seoul Metropolitan Area Improvement Plan Act or elementary school land is secured. There are four types: residential, industrial, distribution, and tourism and recreation. Establish the layout and size of infrastructure, the size and construction plan of furniture and land, the use of buildings, the floor area ratio, the maximum or minimum height of buildings, and the details of the traffic treatment plan.

The district unit plan shall be established by the person who has the authority to draft, the person who has the authority to decide, the residents, the public officials, and the deliberation committee The district unit plan through residents' participation is a resident-system-type urban planning that allows residents to diagnose problems in their cities and continue to participate in environmental improvement and follow-up management through various participation and opportunities of residents.

The establishment procedures are in the order of basic survey, preparation of district unit plan, listening to residents' opinions, application for decision, consultation with related administrative agencies, deliberation by the Urban Planning Committee, notification of district unit plan decision, and reading.  In order to achieve the purpose of the district unit plan, such as designation of a specific purpose, additional development rights are granted to the area of use, and instead, the supply of comfort facilities and public facilities is induced and realized.

14주차(1)

The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport put forward a plan to promote innovative growth in land transportation in 2018. It is said that it will further raise the level of autonomous driving by creating a smart city that contains services, data hubs, and infrastructure, and innovating the mobile system along with commercialization of autonomous vehicles to create an environment ‘where‘ vehicles and roads communicate. And it is said that it will open the era of unmanned aerial vehicles to build a system in our sky that can safely fly unmanned aerial vehicles. Initiate development of construction automation technology and introduce intelligent maintenance systems to advance the construction industry, expand the market through public leadership, and revitalize the private market early to achieve zero energy. Digital land, smart airports, smart logistics, and new transportation services will actively discover and foster new industries with potential.