출석 및 과제점검표(재택수업 스스로 점검하기)

학과: 행정학과

학번: 21905329

주(날짜)	출석(당일)	지각(해당주)	결석(그이후)	과제	비고
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기말고사
과제1(10/30)				O
과제2(12/18)				O
계

이름: 황준하

강의 요약 정리

1주차(1)

수강정정기간

1주차(2)

수강정정기간

2주차(1)

Studying is about drawing out the computer and the knowledge in your head so that others can put it to good use. And you have to understand the changes in the world. Therefore, the professor told me that in order to face the change of the world, I must abandon the sense of defeat and love myself.

2주차(2)

We have the same genes as bts who have seen the light.

That said, we too can succeed, so we shouldn't underestimate ourselves.

Therefore, we have to have the right mindset.

Then we can go much further.

3주차(1)

No one in the world turns two years old in a year or turns one in two years.

That means a child born this year will turn 20 in exactly 20 years.

Most social policies contain uncertainty.

But when it comes to population policy, it means that it shows a near-accurate future.

Korea's fertility rate has long since fallen to the lowest in the world, but there is still no clue.

3주차(2)

Why should a student study?

Our CSAT scores are not everything in life.

Transfer knowledge to the head and immediately to the computer.

Creativity comes from computers and computers are made by mathematics.

This is why we have to learn math.

In the future, the Ai era will proceed, and you have to learn math to understand this era.

4주차(1)

What is a city?

In the past, a city in Eastern society was a term used to refer to the place ‘where‘ the king, the emperor, was located, and more people gather in the place ‘where‘ the emperor is located.

Therefore, a city is also a place ‘where‘ many people live.

will have A city is a place ‘where‘ things are bought and sold.

That means the market. In other words, it is a place ‘where‘ many people gather to engage in economic activities and live.

Today's leading urban philosopher Lewis Mumford also questioned what a city was in "The History of the City."

The concept of a city is defined according to people, cases, and times.

4주차(2)

Cities are both production locations for the 2nd and 3rd industries and a collection of consumption locations.

This necessarily takes up space of a certain size.

This functionally combines homogeneous areas such as residential and commercial areas with other regions around CBD, forming a single nodular area throughout the city.

In addition, in these regional structures, a hierarchical structure of domination and obedience is formed in which the lower regions are governed by the upper regions is formed.

The historical development process of cities shows different patterns depending on each city, but the general logic is that the production location of the infrastructure industry is formed.

By forming a production location, population concentration and consumption location are formed accordingly.

The position of the so-called non-infrastructure industry caused by the formation of the consumption position is formed.

It induces the position of industries related to the infrastructure industry, and agglomeration profits promote the position of various industries.

5주차(1)

The background of the multicenter theory is that concentric theory and linear theory are all theories developed on the premise of a mononuclear city.

C. D. Harris and E.L. Ulman criticized these two theories in their 1945 paper, arguing that it is physically impossible for all urban functions to be concentrated in the core, and that there is a factor that separates urban functions by avoiding the core.

There are three separate factors.

The first is that the core is highland.

Second, the center of urban activity depends on intercity transportation and the use of land space.

Third, different urban activities are distributed, and similar functions are advantageous to be concentrated in one place, resulting in the formation of several nuclei within the city

It's claiming.

The core theory is developing the theory as follows based on the fact that the land use of cities develops around several nuclei.

The central business district is located at the point ‘where‘ transportation institutions in the city gather.

Wholesale business districts and light industrial districts are located inside the city, such as along the railroad, which is the focus of intercity transportation, and are adjacent to the central business district.

The heavy industrial district is located near the city's periphery. Transportation services have an important influence on the location rather than near the city center, and especially pollution heavy industry is located on the outskirts of the city.

In general, high-end residential areas are located far away from pollution with good location.

The small core is located in cultural centers, parks, neighborhood facilities, or small industrial centers.

Universities also function as quasi-centruses.

Suburbs appear in most urban areas of the United States, whether in residential or industrial areas.

With the development of transportation, commuting is possible, or satellite cities begin to appear.

5주차(2)

Planning theories include theories about the process of planning itself (rational model, representative planning) and theories about major issues in this process, such as city, regional and national planning.

The establishment of the theory consists not only in the simple search for knowledge of the truth, but also in securing the practicality to obtain results by applying the theory to improve the reality. For this purpose, there are basically four criteria.

The first theory is that if a city is to represent the process of structure and growth, it must have a dynamic aspect.

The second theory must be able to explain the empirical evidence and must be proven.

The fifth theory must be consistent with the internal logic.

Fourth, the theory must represent the phenomenon.

There are theories about urban growth.

Meier conceptualized cities in terms of interactions that enable humans to maintain communication with their peers. In the stage of urban development, transportation and communication technology are acting as major media.

M. Weber also understands human interaction as a basic concept of urban structure and growth.

A conceptual system focusing on urban form Lynch and Rodwin view the city as a ‘select‘ed space for accommodating human activities and a flow system for dealing with the flow of people and goods.

Accessibility concepts and urban structure Gutterberg sees the city as a transportation concept using the accessibility concept, which he sees as a "Community Effort" to overcome distance.

Economic models of spatial structure Wingo is spatially arranged according to the principle of minimum cost by the law of supply and demand of the market mechanism in economic theory.

6주차(1)

Human settlement is closely related to the stability of housing and the formation of villages, and prior to the development of agriculture, this the same settlement system did not occur. Entering the Neolithic Age, the ancient oriental areas ‘where‘ agriculture could be cultivated were Mesopotamia.

It was only a region and the Nile region, and in the Nile region, city-states began to be built by the Ham people around 4000 B.C.

It was gradually unified and a unified dynasty was formed in Memphis around 3000 B.C.

The historical origin of the Washington Monument is a comparison between Western culture and the ancient city of Korea.

In Mesopotamia, about 3200 B.C., Sumerians migrated to the Yanghe Valley to build city-states, make cuneiform script, and develop bronze culture. In the Indian provinces, around 3000 B.C., the city-state of the golden stone military was formed. In the case of China, a large village can be found in the Hanam province, and in the case of Korea, Gojoseon was established around the 2nd century B.C.

Primitive city forms were formed.

The most distinctive feature of the Greek city-state is that it is an autonomous city with a democratic character, and the classical democratic system is embodied in city planning. All cities, except Athens, have a population of around 10,000 and are surrounded by walls.

It is divided into urban and rural areas. The downtown area is the center of politics, economy and culture, the Acropolis outside the center is the center of religion, and the Agora in the city center performs the central functions of civic life such as meetings, trials, and social gatherings.

6주차(2)

3.2.1 Greek City-State: The main characteristic of a Greek city-state is that it is an autonomous city with a democratic character. The classical democratic system is embodied in urban planning. The city square is the agora and grid-type street network.

All cities except Athens have a population of around 10,000 and are divided into urban and rural areas by walls.

The downtown area is the center of politics, economy and culture, the Acropolis outside the center is the center of religion, and the Agora of the city performs the central functions of civic life such as meetings, trials, and social gatherings.

3.2.2 Urban Planning of the Roman Empire: Roman urban planning is based on Greek urban planning, Greece is concerned with beauty, defensive ports and fertile soil in city construction, and Rome is concerned with paving roads, water supply, He is interested in sewage, etc., and has a public bath called thermae and a lower-class collective residence called Insula.

In the horizontal arrangement, there are main and sub-roads, and the parts that intersect at right angles are called Cardo and Decumanus, and the city is divided into four parts. The forum has a similar character to the Greek agora, and is more monumental than functional.

3.2.3. Formation and development of medi cities: Most medi cities are located in the mountains and form strong castles, and the shape is usually circular and consists of castles and lakes. Representative cities are Carcassonne, France and Nordlingen, Germany. and markets and temples.

The houses are small and owned by the residents, and the roads are irregular and narrow, and the main form of the city is built radially from the church square used as the market square, and residential areas are located along the small road.

3.2.4 City in the Renaissance: As the change from the celestial theory to the heliocentric theory, a new type of castle with practical protrusions and fortresses was built rather than the old fortresses due to the fundamental paradigm shift for spatial structure and the development of new weapons.

Thus, the characteristics of these cities are the characteristics of a closed fortress, and the shape of the plane is octagonal, molded, or pentagonal, but the inside is a grid or radioactive grid.

Alberti proposed a polygonal ideal city as the best theorist who submitted the ideal city proposal in this era, and Leonardo da Vinci divided the city into three tiers, with the lower part for water supply and sewerage, the middle part for the functional movement of cargo, and the upper part for the city's It was divided into areas for shrines.

3.2.5 Modern Urban Planning: Major cities in Korea, including the metropolitan area, coexist with areas that are relatively functional in terms of functionality and underdeveloped areas lacking urban facilities due to excessive population concentration and insufficient infrastructure in surrounding areas. . In order to overcome this regional imbalance and the city to grow in a desirable direction, a reorganization of the regional structure is required.

7주차(1)

The process of economic rapid growth after the 1960s can be characterized by the progress of urbanization worldwide. The rapid growth accompanying industrialization has significantly changed the industrial structure as well as the regional structure. In other words, urbanization concentrated capital and population into large cities, and accompanied by the external expansion of cities. At the same time, rapid urbanization integrated central management functions in the city center, reduced the resident population, and advanced the expansion of suburban areas.

In Korea, urbanization is almost complete, and first of all, urbanization is almost completed, but urbanization continues to occur in terms of function.

The global urbanization trend has exceeded 500 million in the 1800s, 1.6 billion in 1900, 2.5 billion in 1950, and 5 billion in 1990 due to the urban concentration of the population and the development of science and technology. In terms of population growth rate, it ranged from 0.58% in the early 19th century to 2.00% in the 1970s and 1980s. According to E. E. Lampard's calculations, in terms of residence, only 1.7% of the population lived in large cities with a population of more than 100,000 in the 1800s, but more than 20% of the population lived in cities with more than 100,000 in 1969.

The urban concentration of the population began in Europe in the mid-19th century and moved to North America, and has recently emerged as a prominent phenomenon in Southeast Asia and Latin America. High fertility rates, low mortality rates, and low population persistence in rural areas in these countries have resulted in accelerating population migration to large cities. In Korea, the city population of Korea was 850,000 according to the first general survey in 1925, and 3.41 million in 1944. After the liberation, the number of South Korean urban population increased to 2.38 million in 1946 and 27.18 million in 1960 due to the return of North Koreans after June 25, and the city's currency rate exceeded 90% in 2000, and every 10 years.

In terms of the number of cities, in the case of South Korea, there are 14 cities in 1946, 27 cities in 1960, 67 cities in 1990, and 237 cities in Korea, including 180 towns. In the 2000s, it has been continuously changing due to changes in administrative districts such as implementation of local autonomy and urban and rural integration.

7주차(2)

Urbanization refers to the movement of people from rural to urban areas. A decrease in the proportion of people living in regional, rural areas, It is a process mainly for a society to adapt to this change.

Cities and cities that form and grow as more people begin to live and working in the central area.

Although the two concepts are sometimes used interchangeably, urbanization

distinct from urban growth. Total national population living in areas strictly classified as urban, urban growth.

It represents the absolute number of people living in the area. Countries will have half the world's population between the end of 2008 and 2050, about 64% of developing countries and 86% of developed countries will be urbanized. By 2050, there will be 1 billion urban dwellers, most of them in Africa and Asia. In particular, the United Nations recently noted that nearly all of the world's population growth will account for nearly 11% of the world's population growth from 2017 to 2030. There will be billions of new city dwellers.

Urbanization relates to a variety of sectors, including cities. Planning, geography, sociology, architecture, economics and public health, etc. The phenomenon is a sociological process of modernization, industrialization and rationalization. Urbanization can be seen as concrete. The condition of a set time or its status increases over time. Therefore, urbanization is quantified in terms of the level of urban development relative to the overall city.

The population, or urban proportion of the population, increases. Urbanization offers opportunities for sustainability, along with enormous social, economic and environmental “usability”. Use change resources more efficiently and create more sustainable land use.

9주차(1)

A famous pop singer is constantly singing "Return Youth," and Professor Mo claims that "I'm sick, so I'm young," which is a big social controversy. If youth is not happy, there will be no need to sing for it to be returned, and if it is youth because it is painful, it would be better for youth to pass quickly. So which one is right? Whatever is right, there will be circumstances for both. There are two main reasons why young people in Korea are not happy. One is the issue of education. Already, society is entering the middle of the 4th industrial society, but the content and method of education still remain in the mass production education of the secondary industrial society. The knowledge of the past, present, and future is already in the mobile phone in hand, and young Koreans are simply exhausted by public education and private education that runs from dawn to midnight to transfer knowledge into their heads. The core of education in the era of the Fourth Revolution is to bring out the knowledge contained in computers and the Internet and make it into one's own words and writings. However, there is no system for students to present in words and in writing any‘where‘ in Korea's educational field, and they are still doing their best to put knowledge into their heads. Even in the era of "wearable computers," sanctions are already being imposed to prevent mobile phones from taking them to the CSAT test sites. The bigger problem is that the most important things during the peak of growth are physical strength and basic education, which have few measures to deal with and only focus on improving academic achievement. Universities are concerned about the disappearance of local universities as they fill the quota one by one from the Seoul metropolitan area, but the current entrance exam system is a natural result.

9주차(1)

GIS is a system of computer software and hardware. And people to help with data and manipulation, Anna Dissolve and present spa-related information. What is GIS? It is a method of visualizing, manipulating, analyzing, and presenting spatial data. It refers to the connection between the database and the map of the smart map.The spatial location is informed here. Systems are connected by data and software, and have core thinking skills. The GPS system is a map and localization of earthquakes. Maps are a product of GIS. We will inform you of 'Harry Information'. Data includes space. Ambitious uation Technically speaking, it will outperform GIS. Most languages are spoken. The location or delivery system of the place ‘where‘ you used the GIS must be added. Geographic information and communication is a logistics system system in the future of the 4th industrial revolution. You can get more information and analyze it comprehensively.

9주차(2)

Data is not processed into a simple set of facts or numbers that represent the real world. There is no point in itself. The information is easy to share the meaning derived from one or more data, and new information can be generated through documentation. To classify information, it is largely divided into location data and characteristic data within the category of topographic spatial information. The location data is information indicating a point or line position on an image or map as a plane position (x, y coordinate) and a vertical position (z coordinate). Location data include relative location data and absolute location data. Relative location data are the criteria for location information, relative location, or phase relations in the model space. Absolute location data are actual location information in space, ground, underground, marine air, etc., or location criteria in space. Characteristic data include graphic data, image data, and attribute data. The graphic data consists of six graphic elements for explaining the map shape and annotation. There are dots, lines, faces, pixels, grids, and symbols. A point is a zero-dimensional representation of a geometric position. The line is a one-dimensional expression method, and the shortest distance up to two points corresponds to a linear object. A face means that it contains or does not contain a limited and continuous two-dimensional representation, boundary. The pixel is the smallest visible cell in the image. A grid is a unit cell of continuous planes. A symbol is a graphic element representing the characteristics of a point on a map.

10주차(1)

The creative city of Dubai and smartphones (integration of laptops and mobile phones): editing. Planning. Planning: Transitioning from an era of change to an era of continuous execution as it changes: no one lives a wild life. So why does life vary from person to person (animal life is very similar): everyone lives on a plan, but it depends on how to ING. Definition of planning theory-.21C is the era of planning, and our daily lives are starting with planning, and the plan is to judge and analyze what humans are trying to do in advance, predict the future, and uate the results. -.The development of society is developing into a post-industrial or information society through an industrial society, and the information society will become common in the near future. -.The government is moving from E-government to ubiquitous government to the smart era (which develops itself in a desirable direction).Modern society is in the process of developing into a pluralistic society. Each of the various interest groups goes through a decision-making process in which they negotiate, coordinate, and compromise with each other to secure efficiency, and maximize the interests of each group.  This is possible through Mass Mobility of people and resources. Industrial society basically demands division of labor and is developed by economies of scale and agglomeration. This division of labor is premised on collaboration, and this process is a planned activity in the process of coordinating the exchange of information and doctors between classes and organizations. Changes in planning paradigm with informatization: The Mass era disappears and the era of production, distribution, and consumption of various unique products to meet consumer demand, in which case the plan is transformed into collaborative governance. In addition, it is transformed into an era ‘‘where‘‘ infinite sharing and spin-over of information is possible.

10주차(2)

In a world of scarcity, resources need to be preserved and allocated. In an efficient way, planning seems to be a means of reducing or producing waste. The greatest benefit of the employment of resources emerges. Rationality is sometimes thought to refer to increasing. The rationality of the decision, i.e. planning work, can provide: Information for decision makers, customers, and the general public. It includes complete knowledge.

The system in question, which means that the plan requires identification of the best of all.

Alternatives uated with reference to all endangered purposes. The best alternative to this choice means an efficient course of action. Social and individual choices should be made in consideration of the deficiencies.

be made about the way resources do Designation: how, when, to whom, for what purpose,

And it appears in some combination. pure democratic ethics Assumption that no one has the wisdom or ability to make. It is a decision about society or other individuals. The choice is left to the individual or the majority of people.

11주차(1)

The basic concept of urban planning is to promote the sound development of the city and promote public peace and order and public welfare. It refers to plans for land use, transportation, sanitation, water supply and sewage, parks and green spaces, etc. more specifically. A plan for the designation or change of an area, district or zone. It refers to the installation, maintenance, and improvement of roads, railroads, garbage, and public facilities. Land readjustment project, a group of residential site development projects, a group of industrial site development projects or business related to redevelopment. The purpose of urban planning is to draft, decide, and execute urban planning for the construction, maintenance, and measurement of the city.Promote the sound development of the city by prescribing necessary matters and promote public safety and order. Its purpose is to contribute to the promotion of public welfare, and in addition, physical development, that is, adapting the city's functions and structures to economic and social needs; In particular, by shaping and inducing in harmony with the principle of supply and demand, sound development of the city. We seek to promote war and contribute to the promotion of public welfare. In addition to the above, the designation and establishment of various regional districts and plans for other facilities prescribed by each ordinance fall under the category of urban planning, and in a narrow sense refer to urban development plans and statutory city plans. In a broad sense, it includes regional plans and local development plans.

11주차(2)

‘Urban planning’ establishes a desirable future image of the city and implements it. A series of steps you want to do. Predict the level of future development of the city. Therefore, the desired form is assumed in advance and the necessary rules are established. To make the city sound and suitable through measures, incentive policies, or means of maintenance It is also a tool for proper management. All provinces in Korea. City planning is governed by the 「National Land Planning and Utilization Act」 (hereinafter referred to as the ‘National Territory Planning Act’). Based on this, for the purpose of ‘promoting public welfare and improving the quality of life of the people’ is being enforced. Korea has achieved economic growth through rapid industrialization and urbanization. However, in the 2000s, opposition to the side effects caused by this.Performance concerns are growing. That is, as the population is concentrated in cities. Cities have become overcrowded and sprawled out in disorder, and various. A city problem arose. As shown in the figure below, the city system. The plan is to alleviate or solve these urban problems in the future. To prevent problems that may arise in the more distant future required. Among the national land and urban planning systems, urban planning includes three areas: metropolitan planning, urban master plan, and urban management plan. Among them, the metropolitan plan is similar to the urban master plan in that it presents a long-term development direction, but it is a plan for two or more administrative districts. has a difference. On the other hand, there are differences between the other two plans, which are established for the same administrative district and are closely related to the lives of the people. First of all, the urban master plan presents the future of the target area, from spatial structure changes to socio-economic aspects. On the other hand, the urban management plan It is a plan to materialize and realize a future development direction in the urban space, and it is different from the urban master plan in that it has legal binding force.

12주차(1)

He planning unit plan is a three-dimensional thing that is opposed to cities and towns that have our values.

A plan that considers both the building plan and the initial plan no see. Rationalize the use of the second hand, create a sufficient living environment, Induce systematic and planned development of indicators. one of the urban management plans. The planning unit plan is the change in conditions such as growth and development of the region and the future. Note and consider. In addition, as a system that induces the participation of residents as a sign. It allows you to organize a 'planning unit'. residents themselves diagnoses, recommends solutions, and provides incentives such as ion relief. It is a system that induces activation by providing B. An environment-friendly project in which humans and nature coexist in a certain area within an urban area. Creating an urban environment and enabling sustainable urban development or urban management plan to rock. Materialize and rationalize land use and function as a city and maintenance of urban infrastructure and buildings to improve aesthetics. Established to create a landscape landscape. Prevent reckless development in planning management areas or development promotion districts, and By installing sufficient and by improving the functions and aesthetics of the entire city and county to create an eco-friendly and sustainable city. Set up to make.

12주차(2)

'Urban planning' establishes and worsens the future image of a city refers to a series of processes. Predicting the city's development potential. The necessary discipline by assuming the shape in advance until.

Through measures, incentive policies, or repair measures, the city is made sound and suitable.

Managed as static shortcuts to the Bookshelf tool. all provinces in Korea.

Municipal planning is referred to as the 「National Territory Planning and Utilization Scale」 (hereinafter referred to as the ‘National Land Planning Act’). In order to 'increase public welfare and improve people's quality of life'

Reporting. Why do we need a city? Korea has met the current demands through renaissance industrialization and urbanization. However, in the 2000s. Positive results have been obtained. That is, the population is concentrated in cities. Urban overcrowding spreads chaotically. A city problem arose. In the picture, the city system is indirectly

Stroke repairs or repairs these urban problems in the future, and to target possible problems in the more distant future.Required. Among the national land and urban planning systems, urban planning includes three areas: metropolitan planning, urban master plan, and urban management plan. This among them, the metropolitan plan is similar to the urban master plan in that it presents a long-term development direction, but it is a plan for two or more administrative districts has a difference. On the other hand, there are differences between the other two plans, which are established for the same administrative district and are closely related to the lives of the people.

First of all, the urban master plan presents the future of the target area, from spatial structure changes to socio-economic aspects. On the other hand, the urban management plan. It is a plan to materialize and realize a future development direction in the urban space, and it is different from the urban master plan in that it has legal binding force.

13주차(1)

What are the contents of the district unit plan? Help to improve the function of the city and improve the convenience of residents. Establish plans for the layout of urban infrastructure such as roads, parks, and plazas.

Should be A group of areas surrounded by roads for rational land use. Details of the size of the lot ‘where‘ households and individual buildings will be located. Make a plan. Wind through rationalization of land use and height regulation by regulating use. Sustainability by inducing a straight urban landscape and enhancing the aesthetics of the city competent development. For smooth and pleasant traffic flow within the area, automobiles as a basis, pedestrians and bicycles, railways and ports, the surrounding hinterland.

Establish a transportation plan considering connectivity with stations. The resident proposal system is a system proposed by residents related to urban management plans. It is a direct and attractive citizen participation system. Under the Irrigation Act, the management of urban infrastructure. To offer a short distance proposal on one thing and one thing on the district level plan. In particular, residents of apartment construction projects in the private sector directly designate residents. It is a convenient system to suggest opinions on planning and planning. resident system. Core designations triggered internally must be proposed in advance so that residents' opinions can be fully reflected. Participation rate, such as conducting surveys and obtaining consent from residents according to the purpose of use induces. What is incentive in district unit planning? Incentives are given to achieve the purpose of the district unit plan, such as designation of specific use. Grant additional development rights beyond the development limit allowed in the use area, and induce the supply of pleasant facilities and public facilities necessary for the public instead and make it come true. While satisfying the public interest of improving the urban environment, benefits are provided in the development process so that individuals or private businesses can obtain private benefits. It is a system that promotes development by granting. If part of the planned site is provided as a site for public facilities, etc., the building-to-land ratio, floor area ratio, and height can be relaxed and applied. When providing public notices or open spaces for residents, the floor area ratio and height can be relaxed and applied. It can be applied by mitigating the scope of use, type and size of buildings in residential, commercial, industrial and green areas. - You can receive relief within 150% of the building-to-land ratio and 200% of the floor area ratio applied in the use area or use district. The scope of alleviation of restrictions on conduct must be determined by the district unit plan, and if the scope of relief is not reflected in the district unit plan, the building permit is granted. Restrictions cannot be relaxed at any time.

13주차(2)

This is an era in which the city decides on national competition. In the case of Korea, ‘where‘ 90% of the population lives in cities, it is an exaggeration to say that the city is what Korea looks like. Furthermore, globalization and published artists are events that intensify competition between regions and cities rather than between countries. It is necessary to present a mid- to long-term policy direction for buildings and cities that takes into account changes in social conditions such as global decline and the arrival of an aging society. Reinforcement of local government's authority for urban planning. It is an improvement of the urban planning management system. It presents the direction of new urban policies in response to internal and external environmental changes. The world saw the era of environmental revolution with the agricultural, industrial and information revolution as an opportunity, and entered the era of 'green growth'. The green revolution era is needed as the direction of an open approach to the city. We aim for urban policies that meet the national goal of ‘low carbon green growth’. Presents future urban policy directions in response to modernization. Advent of new urban environment such as population decline. Population growth has slowed rapidly since 2000, peaking at 49 million in 2018. forecast a decrease It is expected to enter an aged society in 2018 and reach a super-aged society in 2026 due to a decrease in birth rate and an increase in average life expectancy. An aging society is 7% of the population aged 65 or older, an aged society is 14%, Super-aged societies account for more than 20%. Elderly Population Ratio (%) There is a need for urban policies that can adjust the supply and demand of living areas and convenience facilities according to population decline and changes in demographic structure, and reflect various demands such as the elderly population and multicultural families. This is a future task. Cultural diversity is expected to increase as the number of foreign residents continues to increase.

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The 2018 Land, Infrastructure and Transport Innovation Growth Promotion Plan is a new change and challenge that will change our lives. The dream-like future that I've only imagined is now approaching. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport wants to present a city and a new way to move our lives. We will create a smart city as a platform for the 4th industrial revolution. In 2017, it is a smart city foundation. It is to launch the national strategy R&D in earnest, implement the Smart City Act, and expand the scope of the project. In 2018, it is launching a national pilot city and smartizing existing cities. The start of the national pilot city is the ‘select‘ion of business districts and the establishment of detailed plans. The start of smartization in existing cities is the ‘select‘ion of data hub models, theme-type specialized complexes, and smart urban regeneration districts. In 2021, the smart city is in full swing. It is the start of moving into a national pilot city and the spread of smart city models nationwide. We will capture all the services imaginable in Smart City. There are services, dating hubs, infrastructure. We will innovate the mobile system with the commercialization of self-driving cars. In 2017, we will build a foundation for self-driving tests. Construction of K-City, temporary operation expansion, smart drone pilot project, and 1,351km precision map construction of highway. In 2018, it will build infrastructure and expand public sentiment. The full-scale construction of infrastructure is the completion and opening of the autonomous experimental city K-City, the establishment of a driving data sharing center, the trial construction of smart roads, and the expansion of precision maps on major highways. The expansion of public sentiment is the start of empirical R&D such as demonstration of autonomous cars at the Pyeongchang Olympics, large-scale test rides in downtown Seoul, autonomous shuttles at Incheon Airport, public transportation systems, and truck cluster driving. The commercialization of self-driving cars in 2020. It is to complete the system such as safety standards and insurance, smartize major roads nationwide, provide precise maps, prepare cyber security measures, promote the introduction of autonomous public transportation, and pilot autonomous and cluster driving trucks.