출석 및 과제점검표(재택수업 스스로 점검하기)

학과: 행정학과

학번: 22005503

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7주차(2)	○				중간고사
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기말고사
과제1(22.10.27.)				O
과제2(22.12.16.)				O
계

이름: 이혜인

강의 요약 정리

1주차(1)

"Subscription economy" means that I pay only for what I spend. A typical example is Netflix. Such a subscription economy will have a significant impact on youth employment beyond the cultural industry, and it will be applied to the government without exception.

1주차(2)

Until now, we have studied only by memorizing. But memorizing the contents of the textbook is meaningless. From now on, you have to take your knowledge out of the computer and make it your own, and you have to be able to explain it to others. Students should also make use of their individuality and abilities to create individual platforms to shine themselves.

2주차(1)

The economy of subscription and the economy of reverse subscription are very closely related. A prime example of this is the sharing of data between governments and citizens. When the government uses personal information, the use of information is the concept of a subscription economy from the government's point of view, but the concept of a reverse subscription economy from the people who provide information. Such a subscription economy and a reverse subscription economy will become more important concepts in the future.

2주차(2)

If you look at the population structure of our society today, you can see that the elderly account for more than the young. This is expected to worsen, and in the future, the younger generation will disappear and only the older generation will appear. Currently, South Korea has the lowest birth rate in the world. Korea's low birth rate can also mean that Korean politicians are not doing well in politics. We must also pursue socially sustainable change. Until now, we are only pursuing development. We have witnessed a phenomenon ‘where‘ there is no change. Therefore, from now on, we must avoid pursuing only development.

3주차(1)

Studying is what you do to be happy after all. Studying for happiness is not just about high scores on the CSAT. It's time to stop studying like the College Scholastic Ability Test, which just transfers knowledge into your head. From now on, I have to study to transfer the knowledge that I have transferred to my head to my computer again. And it's time to stop judging students' level by their CSAT. Also, students should reduce their attitude of belittling their own abilities by taking the CSAT scores themselves.

It will be the age of AI from now on. And this AI has a lot of mathematical parts. Therefore, we need to learn mathematics in time for changing times. The world is changing rapidly and we must respond accordingly.

3주차(2)

The past is also called the "age of singularity" in the sense that we can know everything that has happened. On the other hand, we call the future "multiple ages" because we don't know what will happen in the future. In other words, the past has already happened, so we cannot change it on our own, but the future means that we can change what happens in the way we do it.

Humans have gone through the agricultural revolution, the industrial revolution, and the information revolution. And after the information revolution, a "heart revolution" is expected. Even after the revolution of the mind, society is constantly changing. Therefore, we must be able to read in advance the changes in society that are about to take place, and think and act in accordance with the changes in society.

4주차(1)

We are now moving into a fourth industrial society through a third industrial society. A tertiary industrial society is a society in which technologies such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things are highlighted. In other words, it is a society in which superior technology is attracting attention than the human head. The fourth industrial society is similar to the third industrial society, and many people cannot clearly distinguish between the third industrial society and the fourth industrial society. However, we need to know that the fourth industrial society is clearly different from the third industrial society.

The term "regional structure" refers to the gathering of several parts of a region to perform their respective roles, forming one whole region, and performing another function there. The most representative feature of this regional structure is that different parts of the region are functionally connected to each other to perform one new function.

4주차(2)

If the concentric theory analyzed land-use patterns such as housing and business, the linear theory classified the largest residential areas in urban areas into zones again and divided them into high, medium, and low areas. The model of linear theory is fan-shaped and is divided into five areas, including urban centers, wholesale and light industries, common people's residences, middle-class residences, and high-class residences. Linear theory shows changes in the form of urban growth and land use, such as vertical changes from low density to high density, ‘where‘ housing is built in existing residential areas, etc. However, there are also critical public opinion on linear theory. It means that linear theory should also consider cultural factors important in the process of urban location. Specifically, physical space has a great influence on the cultural aspects of the location process, but especially cities are the product of value systems that vary from culture to culture, so social systems should be considered.

5주차(1)

The establishment of theories on urban growth and structure is not necessarily aimed solely at the quest for truth. The purpose of the theory is to ensure substance, i.e., to improve the problem of reality. In order to achieve this goal, the theory basically has four criteria. To put these four criteria together and simply, theory must be able to present appropriate evidence, use the evidence to prove the theory, and the same result value must always be derived no matter who uses the theory.

Residential areas account for the largest portion of the city. Residential areas exist in a wide variety of forms, but residential types include detached houses, apartment complexes, and high-rise apartments. Also, the standard of ownership is private and rental. Lastly, the location criteria include in and out of cities. In particular, many people own their own homes in the United States, but this high rate of self-ownership is affected by inflation, unemployment, taxes, senior citizens and minority recognition policies. On the contrary, it may affect income growth and tax rates.

5주차(2)

Housing stability and the formation of villages are very important factors for people to settle down and live in a certain place. The human settlement system occurred with the development of agriculture, which is generally regarded as the Neolithic Age. In the ancient West, agriculture was carried out in Mesopotamia and the Nile, of which city-states began to be built around 4000 BC.

Among Western cities, the Greek city state has the characteristic of being a self-governing city with a democratic characteristics. Greek city-states are divided into inner cities and rural areas, but in the case of inner cities, they function mainly in politics, economy and culture, and outside the center, they function mainly in religion.

In Renaissance cities, the fundamental paradigm shift in spatial structure is well illustrated by the construction of new forms of castles with practical projections and fortresses.

Modern cities (based on Korea) are divided into urban-like and non-urban areas in terms of functionality due to high population concentration and lack of infrastructure in the surrounding areas. Such regional imbalances need to be overcome through restructuring of regional structures for the desired growth of cities.

6주차(1)

The future city will have a physical world and a virtual world at the same time. In this regard, mankind is still wondering whether it is possible to build another city in space, whether new jobs related to the environment, energy, and space will emerge, what will happen to me in the future, what will happen to cities after COVID-19 and what the city will look like if the subscription economy becomes universal. In the future, the spiritual revolution will lead the world. This will be an important factor in determining human sustainability. Therefore, we must study not only about the past but also about the future.

Don't be disappointed and blame yourself for not being able to follow your current plan or for having difficulty in achieving your plan. Until a dozen years ago, we couldn't imagine carrying a cell phone and contacting others freely. But what I couldn't imagine is that now it's actually happening, and it's harder to see people who don't have a cell phone. If things had gone wrong in the past and stopped being difficult to carry out the plan, it would not have been the way it is now.

6주차(2)

"Urbanization" refers to the movement of population from rural to urban areas. To put it a little more broadly, it means a decrease in the ratio of rural population and a way in which society accepts this phenomenon. Urbanization is similar to urban growth in that it is the same as the process by which cities are formed, by which more people live or start working in urban areas. However, the two concepts are different in that urbanization means ratio and urban growth means absolute numbers, and these two must be properly distinguished. Urbanization is closely related to various fields such as urban planning, geography, sociology, architecture and economics. Because of these characteristics, a city is also called a complex, and you can't see the whole city just by looking at a part of the city. Urbanization also causes social, economic and environmental changes, but efficient use of resources and sustainable land use are typical. However, compared to rural areas, cities have significantly less common community functions such as blood relations and kinship, and there is a problem in that competition is more prominent than familiarity and cooperation in people's relationships. Despite its many advantages, these problems raise questions about whether urbanization will continue to occur in the future or whether it is true. But apart from these questions being raised, it is expected that the unprecedented movement of people into cities will continue.

7주차(1)

The term "urban heat island" refers to a phenomenon that occurs mainly when urban areas emit heat and maintain it, and literally refers to a phenomenon in which urban heat becomes hotter and hotter. While most of the solar energy in rural areas is consumed naturally in the process of growing crops, urban areas are not environments ‘where‘ solar energy can be consumed naturally, so it is mainly immersed in buildings and asphalt. As a result, the walls of buildings in cities may not cool down at night, or asphalt may melt because it is too hot. For this reason, cities usually maintain temperatures about one degree higher than their surrounding areas. Solar energy, which cannot be consumed naturally, reduces soil humidity and dries, reducing carbon dioxide reabsorption. Some experts also argue that urbanization has a positive impact on the environment. By moving the population from rural areas to cities, farming techniques such as setting fire to the people of the fire fields are reduced. He also says urbanization can increase demand for products that adapt to the environment and improve the environment through better facilities. Changes in the environment also lead to problems with food and water problems. A report by the U.N. Bureau of Social Economy says food production should be increased to 70 percent by 2050, especially in countries with high food insecurity due to changes in the environment. Also, when it rains in big cities, harmful substances such as carbon dioxide permeate the ground, which flows into rivers and destroys water quality and marine ecosystems.

7주차(2)

중간고사

9주차(1)

What is GIS? GIS is a program that helps manipulate, analyze, and express information linked to spatial locations, and is also called the root of big data. In this case, "representing information" means "making the data visible" and "space position" means "geographic position." The components of GIS vary widely, but there are typical GPS, maps, and software packages. All three things in common are that they all have spatial elements (about 80% of the total data has spatial elements). GIS transforms data into information and knowledge by manipulating and utilizing the number of data, the type of data, the location of the data (regional data, international data), and the way data is represented (sentences, charts, graphs, maps, etc.). A typical example of how such GIS can be applied is "electronic maps." For example, if I were to make a map of an area, I would collect the data of the river passing through the area, the data of the lake, and the landmark data of the area, and then I would be able to make a map of the area together through GIS. Also, instead of just being able to make a map, it is possible to ‘select‘ only the data I want when I open the finished map with the GIS program. If you learn how GIS works, you will be able to use more and more useful data. The recent cases around us can be attributed to the GIS that allows civil servants to know when people who have been self-isolated due to COVID-19 leave the quarantine area during the quarantine period.

9주차(2)

"Data" is a simple set of facts and numbers representing the real world, unprocessed and meaningless in itself. Typical examples of data are the latitude and longitude of the map. "Information" means that it is easy to share in the sense expressed from one or more pieces of data and that analysis can generate new information. A typical example of information is topographic space information, but topographic space information is again divided into "location data" and "characteristic data The location data will be divided into "relative location data" and "absolute location data" (actual location data, ground, underground, ocean, air, and space), and space, and characteristic data will be divided into "graphic data," "video data," and "attribute data." At this time, location data refers to information indicating the location of a point or line on a video or map in terms of plane (xy coordinate) or vertical (z coordinate), and attribute data refers to statistical data that is often referred to. More specifically, it shows the characteristics, quality, relationship, and topographical location of the map shape. One of the characteristic materials, graphic materials, consists of six graphic elements to describe the shape and annotation of a map, but the six graphic elements include dots, lines, planes, pixels, grids, and symbols. Also, video information refers to information entered after quantifying the information of images and photos obtained through satellites. This kind of data and information is used in a variety of computer and AI technologies. This means that only when we can comprehensively understand and utilize the information above can we respond properly to the present and future society.

10주차(1)

Why do we have to make a plan and live? To act efficiently, to act equitably, to act reasonably. We are currently living in a world with limited resources. In a world of limited resources, efficiency and fairness are very important. At this time, "efficiency" and "fairness" mean that we maximize the return profits by reducing excessive waste of resources, preserving them as much as possible, and effectively distributing and utilizing the resources we have. In other words, invest less and produce more results. A prime example of efficiency is the market.

Then, what is reasonable? "Rational" means increasing the validity of a decision. Rationality differs from efficiency and is difficult to do in the marketplace. Therefore, the government sometimes replaces the market to achieve equity.

Plans have a goal-oriented nature. Small goals are the means of big goals, and big goals are the means of next goals. In other words, means and goals are connected like chains. However, this rarely works. For example, if a student sets a big goal of becoming a civil servant, he or she must have a specific goal that can be a means of doing something in the first grade or something in the second grade. However, most students have only one big goal, not a specific one. In order to achieve your chosen goal, you must have the right control and management to achieve that goal.

10주차(2)

In order to act fairly, reasonably and efficiently, we must plan and aim together. In a resource-limited world, planning acts as a more important factor. At this point, planning means reducing waste and maximizing profits. At the same time, however, you need to understand the plan as the process of finding the best alternative to a situation.

While rationality must be considered in planning, rationality often means validity in decision making, or the act of providing information to policymakers, citizens, and customers. Another consideration is efficiency, primarily in the marketplace. For this reason, the market often means maximizing efficiency. Fairness, on the other hand, is not done in the market. For this reason, the government may replace the mayor for fairness.

Why should we aim for democracy? Because many decisions are not right in all situations, and many opinions are not always in agreement, so my decision is right for me to do. It is in line with this context that a country's president is chosen by vote.

Planning involves a goal-oriented process. A small goal is a means of a large goal, and a large goal includes all the links that are a means of the next goal.(The means at this time have no meaning in themselves, only meaning as a tool to practice the next goal.) In other words, it involves a series of choices or all the processes of making choices. In this sense, the ultimate goal of the plan is to make the right choice for the future.

11주차(1)

"City planning" is simply a comprehensive plan concerning cities, and it means a plan concerning land use, transportation, sanitation, etc. to promote the sound development of cities and promote public welfare. More specifically, it refers to a plan concerning changes in areas and areas, and a plan concerning the installation and maintenance of roads, railways, garbage, public facilities, etc. The purpose of city planning is to promote urban development by prescribing the necessary matters for city planning, and to promote public order and welfare. Urban planning refers to urban development plans in a narrow sense, local development plans in a broad sense, and national land planning. Among them, the National Land Program aims to improve the quality of life of the people by drawing the desired future of the land and presenting long-term policy directions to achieve it, taking into account the conditions surrounding the land. In the case of South Korea, it is done under Article 120(2) of the Constitution. Urban planning is largely divided into basic urban planning and urban management planning, and urban planning plays a role in stabilizing urban development by continuing to promote consistent policies in administration.

11주차(2)

Urban planning plays a role in preventing various urban problems associated with rapid industrialization and urbanization. It prevents urban sprawl, creates a harmonious environment with surrounding areas, and enables efficient land use. National land and city planning can be divided into a comprehensive national land plan, a comprehensive provincial plan, a metropolitan city plan, and a basic urban plan and a city management plan. Among them, metropolitan city planning, basic urban planning, and urban management planning are applicable.

A basic urban plan is a plan that comprehensively presents only the basic direction. Specifically, it means a plan to present basic spatial structure and long-term development direction for urban jurisdictions, mainly economic and industrial, spatial structure, safety, parks, and living area setting.

A city management plan is a plan that concretely implements the direction inside an urban space. It is legally binding on the private land use of residents and embodies the contents presented in the basic urban plan and the metropolitan city plan. Mainly, the establishment and maintenance of infrastructure facilities and the change of usage area are planned, and residents can participate in this plan.

Metropolitan city planning refers to the interconnection and systematic maintenance of spaces by neighboring special cities, metropolitan cities, cities, or counties, and presents long-term development directions. Specifically, it plans wide-area facilities, spatial structure initiatives, functional sharing, environmental conservation, transportation systems, etc., and serves as the basis for the city's basic plan and city management plan.

12주차(1)

A district unit plan is a city management plan that takes into account all the buildings and land plans for a city or village. This enables reasonable land use, creates a good residential environment, and induces systematic and systematic development of an area. It actively encourages residents to participate, and residents themselves judge the problems of their place of residence and seek solutions. District unit plans are divided into urban and non-urban plans, but urban plans are called Type 1 district unit plans, and non-urban plans are called Type 2 district unit plans. Type 1 includes areas ‘where‘ urban functions are lost or need to be delayed and reorganized, and areas that seek to absorb the functions of over-expanded surrounding cities. The second type also applies to areas that seek to become distribution and distribution centers, and areas that seek to foster some kind of industry.

It's important to think about how to put a lot of knowledge into my head, but it's also important to think about what kind of work I can do best and what kind of work I'm happiest when I do it. From now on, I think it's more important to show my talents to my abilities than to know a lot of knowledge. You need to believe in yourself, continue to worry, and try to develop. In a similar context, you don't have to be depressed just because your test scores are low. Because everyone has different things and looks different. You have to think about making use of the unique things that only you have.

12주차(2)

District unit planning is part of a city management plan that is established for the systematic and systematic management of an area, such as streamlining land use and enhancing urban functions. The district unit plan must plan the layout of roads, parks, etc. to enhance urban functions and to facilitate residents. In addition, when building a building, it is necessary to establish regulations on the use and height of the building to maintain a good view of the city. Traffic plans should be made in consideration of the connectivity between pedestrians, bicycles, and cars so that traffic can flow smoothly. District unit planning actively utilizes the resident proposal system, which is a system proposed by residents and has a great influence. For example, it is used when residents themselves want to promote regional development, when already designated areas are considered unreasonable and need to be adjusted, and when areas need to be developed to create a comfortable residential environment. However, at this time, the agenda must conform to the law and guidelines for establishing a district unit plan, and it must be assumed that a district unit plan will be established and the project implemented. The project will be conducted by the special mayor, the mayor of the metropolitan area, and the county governor, including residents, and the final decision on the project will be made by the special mayor, the mayor of the metropolitan area, and the governor. In addition, the overall review of the district unit plan will be conducted by the deliberative committee members consisting of building committee members and city planning committee members.

13주차(1)

The area of district planning is very wide. The problem of relocating the original airport to other areas is also included in the district unit plan, and the problem of effectively redeveloping old apartments is also included in the district unit plan. Moreover, the size of the store's signage on the street is also part of the district-by-area plan. From this point of view, it is fair to say that there are few areas in urban administration ‘where‘ district unit plans do not affect.

District unit plans can be divided into the first and second types, but specific management plans vary depending on one or two types. In the case of one type, it covers areas ‘where‘ urban functions were originally well-equipped, areas ‘where‘ urban forms and functions need to be maintained, areas ‘where‘ urban functions need to be maintained as cities grow, and areas ‘where‘ specific functions need to be strengthened. In the case of the two types, areas that belong to the living radius of residents and require planned development, areas that foster specific industries, and areas that serve as tourist attractions are covered. The purpose of this development and preservation varies from region to region. However, there are common areas to be aware of when planning district-by-district. First, we must deploy infrastructure such as parks for the improvement of urban functions and the convenience of residents. Secondly, it is necessary to develop an efficient and rational plan for land use. Third, we must develop a plan for regulating the use and height of buildings. Finally, you need to make a transportation plan that takes into account the pleasant flow of traffic. You don't have to consider other plans such as the shape of housing gates and walls, energy conservation and recycling, and the size and shape of shopping district signboards as an option.

13주차(2)

The competitiveness of cities has become the competitiveness of the nation. In the case of Korea, 90% of the total population lives in cities, so considering this, it is no exaggeration to say that the image of the city is the image of the Republic of Korea.

Currently, due to the accelerated urbanization and the changing social environment (low birth rate and aging population), it is inevitable to present a strategic future urban policy in Korea. To put it simply, Korea's current urban issues include falling birth rates and the arrival of a new urban environment due to the increase in foreign residents, weak qualitative levels of small and medium-sized cities, economic decline due to the relocation of urban functions. If Korean cities have grown rapidly in quantitative terms, they must now change their paradigm and develop qualitatively.

Considering this, the first goal of urban policy is to create a car-free city centered on walking distance, and to create a vibrant city center through the reconstruction of local traditional markets. The second goal is to improve the living environment by improving the residential environment and improving public facilities. The third goal is to create a cultural city through the promotion of multicultural social policies and the creation of urban landmarks. The fourth goal is to create a green city through the establishment of renewable energy facilities, the preservation of river ecosystems, and the improvement of embankments.

14주차(1)

In 2018, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism announced plans to promote innovative growth in land, transportation and infrastructure, focusing on smart cities. First, we ‘select‘ed business districts, developed detailed plans, and informed them of the start of the nation's pilot city. Second, we ‘select‘ed two and four data hub models, smart urban regeneration zones, and theme-type specialized complexes, respectively, and revealed our plans for smartening existing cities. Based on this, we planned to launch a full-fledged smart city in 2021. The smart city proposed by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport is a city that includes services such as urban facility management, fine dust forecast, support for the disabled and the elderly living alone, and digital market. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism focused on the transportation-related areas in particular. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, which established a self-driving test foundation in 2017, will build infrastructure in earnest through the construction of a driving data sharing center, the opening of a self-driving experimental city, and the construction of a smart road test in 2018. He said he would commercialize self-driving cars in 2020. It also said it would establish a drone operation base in 2017, expand the drone market in 2018, rebuild its drone management system, and build an autonomous remote flight system in 2022. In addition to this, he also mentioned the budget and environmental issues of the aforementioned plan. First, we planned to reduce the budget by developing construction automation technology and introducing intelligent maintenance systems. We also planned to make zero-energy construction mandatory through the development of high-performance but appropriate zero-energy construction materials by drastically strengthening the insulation standards to the level of developed countries.

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