출석 및 과제점검표(재택수업 스스로 점검하기)

학과: 행정학과

학번: 22005231

주(날짜)	출석(당일)	지각(해당주)	결석(그이후)	과제	비고
1주차(1)	○				수강정정기간
1주차(2)	○				수강정정기간
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7주차(1)	○
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8주차 중간고사
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12주차(1)	○
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기말고사
과제1(2022.10.29)				O
과제2(2022.12.14)				O
계

이름: 고나래

강의 요약 정리

1주차(1)

Before the class began, he explained the class method once again. As the 4th Industrial Revolution, low birth rate, and aging problems became serious, the number of single-person households living with dogs increased in modern society. In the future, to new economic culture with jobs for young people should make a difference.

1주차(2)

You need knowledge to study. However, you don't have to memorize it all. It is important to make good use of the knowledge on the computer. The key to studying is math. In the future, a society rich in creativity must be formed, so the future must be designed as a subject. Reverse subscription is when the state uses the information of the people and pays the people. We should use mathematics and creativity to form a reverse subscription society.

2주차(1)

We are now at the center of the post-corona era. Various technologies and policies have developed due to COVID-19, and will continue to develop further. Online classes and telecommuting are one of the technologies developed due to COVID-19. In the future, it should change to an era of reverse subscription economy and start-up. Individuals must actively express their arguments and make numerous efforts to expand their areas.

2주차(2)

The population of our society is changing into an inverse pyramid model. The younger generation will disappear and the older generation will emerge. We need new changes to address this. You have to study math and find a job yourself to do what you want to do. So far, we have only pursued development, but from now on we must pursue sustainable change. You should develop your personality and creativity by studying for more than eight hours a day. In order to live happier and happier than now, there must be one thing that you are better at than others.

3주차(1)

The concept of administration and city takes place not only in physical space but also in virtual space, and understanding of administration and city is required at the same time. Various changes have occurred as the information society takes place, and individual abilities must be developed to cope with them. In addition, technologies using virtual space are being developed in various fields. However, problems such as climate change and population problems are also occurring as they have enjoyed many benefits. From an economic point of view, it is important to see why a city is created through economic activities. I think the larger the size, the better the economy will work.

3주차(2)

Lewis Mumford, today's leading urban philosopher, asks what a city is and defines the concept of a city according to people, cases, and times. This is how Mumford defines the city. Cities are densely populated areas ‘where‘ many people live together. However, the standard of urban population varies from country to country. When countries actually perform urban administration, cities are considered in terms of the power and history of local governments. Recently, it is difficult to distinguish between urban and rural areas, and various changes are taking place. Cities can be concentrated as a feature of form and aggregation as a feature of function. The components of the city are activities such as citizens, regional or national activities, and land and facilities.

4주차(1)

It is called regional structure that a plurality of partial regions gather to form a large entire area and perform another function. Cities form a city by combining various characteristics such as commerce, industry, and residential areas. The regional structure of the city means the arrangement state or backstroke of the elements constituting the city, and means the relationship between each element and the whole. It contains geometric features such as spatial location, pattern, distance, and shape of the element itself. There is a functional and regional differentiation in the regional differentiation of cities. Due to the concentration and dispersion of urban functions, economic locations with the same functions are concentrated in specific areas of the city to form several groups. It can be seen that certain economic positions are isolated.

4주차(2)

Hyot raises the theory that the regional structure of the residential area in the inner area of the city can be grasped as a fan-shaped linear structure. Linear theory reclassifies the largest residential area in the city center, high, middle, and high.It was divided into that area. The linear theoretical model includes urban areas, wholesale light industry, common residential areas, middle-class residential areas, and high-end residential areas. In addition, the linear theory represents changes in urban growth and land use, such as vertical changes in low density to high density and whether houses are built in existing residential areas. The reason for the creation of workplaces around the city is that the population around the city increases rapidly, the population and purchasing power of the city decreases, and traffic congestion and access traffic are inconvenient. Cultural factors are also one of the important considerations in the process of urban location.

5주차(1)

In the stage of urban development, transportation and communication technology act as major media. The residential area, which occupies the largest area in urban areas, consists of immigration from abroad and inflow from rural areas. Most of them live in areas ‘where‘ they are poor, whose jobs are unclear, and ‘where‘ there are many employment opportunities in large cities such as port cities. Housing location varies depending on various reasons such as the location of the house, type of occupancy, income level, and type of housing. Population inflows include cheap housing, connection with the same cultural group, proximity to workplaces, proximity to public transportation, personal protection and safety. The outflow power includes increased inflow, improved social movement, improved job level, increased desire for residential space, and social conflict. Reasons for moving to other residential areas include the formation of new households, new jobs, changes in family size, changes in income size, and a desire for a better home. The most striking characteristic of urban population density is that, empirically, population density decreases exponentially with distance, and on the graph, it is a primary land index curve.

5주차(2)

Humans are closely related to the stability of housing or the formation of villages. In the Neolithic Age, farming was only possible in some areas, and after that, city-states were built, letters were made, and culture was developed.  The biggest feature of the Western Greek city-state is the autonomous city with a democratic character. The city center is the center of politics, economy, and culture, and outside the center, the Acropolis is religious, and the Agora of the city played a central role in civic life such as meetings, trials, and socializing. Roman city planning is based on Greek city planning. Rome was interested in the pavement of roads and the supply of water. Most medi cities are located in the mountains, forming solid bodies, and usually circular shapes. The representative city is Carcasson, France. In the Renaissance, a new castle in a practical form was built with the change of fundamental paradigm for spatial structure and the development of new weapons, just as it changed from Cheondongseo to Jidongseol. In modern times, regional structural reform is required to overcome regional imbalances and grow in a desirable direction.

6주차(1)

In the 1960s, it grew economically and urbanized worldwide. Urbanization concentrated capital and population into large cities, integrated central management functions in the city center, and advanced the expansion of suburban areas. Urbanization is almost complete in our country. Population urbanization began in Europe in the mid-19th century and moved to North America. Due to the high fertility rate and low mortality rate, the population of rural areas moved to large cities. Various urban problems are occurring due to the failure to prepare appropriate measures for the unplanned urban concentration of the population. Rapid urbanization is causing various side effects. Due to the occurrence of air and water pollution and population density, it is difficult to locate facilities due to the lack of available land. In addition, the human relationship between citizens was dissolved, resulting in a lack of community consciousness. Industrialization with the development of industrial technology increases the demand for labor, and the demand for labor induces population movement, thereby promoting urbanization. The general factors of population movement in urban and rural areas include emission factors in rural areas and inhalation factors in cities.

6주차(2)

Urbanization refers to the movement of population from rural to urban areas. It is a process of population decline of people living in rural areas and which society adapts to this change. More people live in cities, forming larger cities and working in central areas. The total population living in an area classified as urban growth refers to the absolute number of people living in that area. Also, urbanization is related to various fields, including cities. It is related to planning, geography, sociology, architecture, economy, and public health, and this phenomenon is closely related to modernization and industrialization. Urbanization creates a huge social and economic environment. Sustainability opportunities should be provided in a usable way to create and protect more efficiently sustainable land use of changing resources. Urbanization is not just a modern phenomenon, but a rapid historical phenomenon. In rural areas, changes in human social roots on a global scale are taking place, and culture is rapidly being replaced by urban culture. Urban culture is characterized by pedigree, unfamiliar relationships, and competitive behavior.  The movement of people will continue and intensify in the future. The global urban population growth curve continued until recently. Many people have problems because they can't find a job or buy a house in the city. Infrastructure development is needed to solve urban problems.

7주차(1)

In today's class, he explained how to submit the midterm exam and assignment. In the future, which is transforming into a digital society, jobs like civil servants will disappear. Therefore, in order to prepare for the future, it is necessary to find a new job suitable for the information and digital era. The interest in the existence of the urban heat island phenomenon is increasing year by year by year. Urban heat islands are formed when industrial and urban areas are produced or preserved, and much of the solar energy reaching rural areas is consumed by evaporation. Cars, factories, and household air conditioners emit much more heat. Therefore, the urban area is about 1 to 3 degrees warmer than the surrounding area. Urbanization also has a positive effect on improving the quality of the environment. It also raises income levels by increasing demand for eco-friendly products. Improve environmental excellence through excellent facilities and better living standards in urban areas. Countries facing food insecurity due to environmental changes will pay more attention to basic sanitation systems and health. In developing countries, urbanization does not lead to a significant increase in life expectancy. Rapid urbanization has also increased the number of deaths from infectious diseases related to lifestyle. On average, the health level of urban areas is better than that of rural areas. However, residents of poor urban areas, such as slums and informal residences, suffer. As the population continues to grow and become urbanized, developing society into a sustainable city through new urbanism and smart growth technologies is the most important.

7주차(2)

중간고사

9주차(1)

Data should be utilized using the geographic information system. The three "W" in geography are what places are, why they are there, and why I care. GIS is a system of computer software and hardware. It presents information related to spatial location, information, system, and manpower. Spatial locations generally refer to geographical locations, and information visualizes data analysis. The system connects the data in software and hardware, and the explorers who have the core thinking power are called human resources. GPS is a satellite positioning system that differs from static maps in paper or digital. Maps are mostly products of GIS. Visualizing the analysis is the power of the geographic information system. Data has a spatial element. Most scientific data have been analyzed informally. Since there is a limit to what can be seen with the eyes, monitoring can be done through GIS. It is also commonly used in business. It is possible to analyze the location of the place or how to configure the delivery system using GIS. The satellite geographic information and communication system is the core of the 4th industrial revolution and is an indispensable system in the future. To further develop this, it is essential to collect various information and analyze spatial data.

9주차(2)

Data is not processed into a simple set of facts or numbers that represent the real world, and is meaningless in itself. Information is easy to share and meaning derived from one or more data, and new information can be generated through documentation. Geospatial information includes positional data and descriptive data. Positional data are information indicating a point or line position on an image or map as a plane position and a vertical position. Positional data are divided into relative positional data and absolute positional data. Relative positional data are the criteria for location information, relative location, or phase relations in the model space. Absolute positional data are actual location information in space, ground, underground, marine air, etc., or location criteria in space. Descriptive data include graphic data, image data, and attribute data. Graphic data is a numerical description of the map shape or a specific map element of the map, and is input in vector and Leicester type and consists of six figure elements. It consists of dots, lines, faces, pixels, grids, and symbols. Image data are entered by quantifying image or photographic information obtained through satellites or aircraft. Attribute data represent the characteristics, quality, relationship, and topographical location of the map shape of data such as reports, documents, and ledger. Vector data represent spatial data by points, lines, and planes. The positions of points, lines, and planes are recorded in x and y coordinates, which is advantageous for phase structure formation. It is used in systems that require precise management because data management by object is possible. Lester data stores and manages data in units of cells or pixels. It has a structure similar to a picture, and the entire data is recognized as one object. It can be easily acquired by scanning.

10주차(1)

We are now living in the age of planning. As it continues to change, it is shifting to an era of continuous implementation. The 21st century is the age of planning and our daily lives are starting with planning. In addition, the plan is to judge and analyze what humans want to do in advance, predict the future, and uate the results. Our society is developing into a post-industrial society or an information society through an industrial society. In the future, the information society will become common. The government is shifting from E-government to ubiquitous government, smart era. Modern society is part of the process of developing into a pluralistic society. In order to secure efficiency by various interest groups, it is going through a decision-making process in which each group's interests are negotiated, coordinated, and compromised. M.Weber's industrial and social structural characteristics are Mass Production, Mass Distribution, and Mass Consumption. Industrial societies demand division of labor and are developed by economies of scale and agglomeration. The division of labor presupposes collaboration and goes through a process such as coordination of information and consultations between classes and organizations. A process like this is a planning activity. The change in the planning paradigm due to informatization is the transition to an era in which a variety of unique products are produced, distributed, and consumed according to the demand of consumers. The plan will be transformed into a cooperative one. The era of infinite sharing of information is opening. The plan originated from the pursuit of human rationality. It is judged by values and economically, it means improving efficiency. Humans have limitations in recognizing the truth. The plan itself has no value or utility, and the fact that the plan has been prepared cannot solve the problem. Also, planning is an area that deals with unknown facts and is a process of trying to know unknown facts.

10주차(2)

The purpose of the plan is to ensure efficiency, equity and reasonable action. In a world of scarcity, resources need to be preserved and allocated. In an efficient way, planning is considered a means of reducing or producing waste. Rationality is sometimes thought to refer to an increase. The rationality of the decision means that the task of planning may be what it provides. The information provided to decision makers, customers, and the public includes complete knowledge. The plan of the problematic system requires identification of the best of all. An alternative uated as a reference to all endangered purposes means an efficient course of action in an optimal way. Given the scarcity, social and personal choices are necessarily made about the way resources do. It is necessary to know how, when, to whom, for what purpose, and in what combination. Choice for society or individuals is sometimes left to individuals or a large number of people. A step-by-step approach should be established and specifically implemented to implement the goal. Planning is an action that embodies formalized values and means established values. The ultimate goal of the plan also means the need for the present. The plan is used to bring results, and by any means necessary. Planning serves to relate the components of the system and should be detailed by decision makers and designers for rational choice among alternative programs. It is called the planning era today, but it is difficult to distinguish accurately. In theory, the classification of plans is classified into social plans and spatial plans according to the nature of public plans. Social planning refers to all fields of social science, including politics, economy, and culture. Space planning is a plan to create harmony between human activity patterns and functional spaces that accommodate them. The planning process is in the order of problem identification, goal setting, schedule and predictive analysis, alternative setting, feasibility analysis, uation, final proposal selection, and execution.

11주차(1)

Korea is currently on the verge of population extinction, local extinction, and national extinction, and measures should be prepared to overcome them. While solving individual community problems, it is necessary to find a way to solve the problem of low birth rate and aging together. The term "urban plan" means a plan for land use, transportation, sanitation, water and sewage, park green areas, etc. to promote the sound development of cities and to promote public well-being and public welfare. More specifically, it is a plan for the designation or change of an area or area, and a plan for the installation, maintenance, and improvement of roads, railways, garbage, and public facilities. The purpose of urban planning is to promote the sound development of cities and contribute to the promotion of public welfare by defining necessary matters for the planning, determination, and execution of urban plans for the construction, maintenance, and measurement of cities. Considering the internal and external conditions surrounding the country, the national land plan aims to present a desirable future for national space and long-term policy directions to achieve it, and to improve national productivity and quality of life by balanced national land development, SOC expansion, and living environment improvement. As a long-term and comprehensive policy direction setting, there are guidelines for sectoral plans and sub-planning, such as appropriate placement of population and industry, land resource management and infrastructure installation. Major space plans in Korea include national land planning under the National Land Construction Comprehensive Plan Act, national land use planning under the National Land Use Management Act, urban planning based on the Urban Planning Act, and building planning under the Building Act. The effect of urban planning increases the validity of policy and administration through the process of contributing to the stability of urban development and reasonably linking purpose and means by excluding trial and error in administration and continuing to promote consistent policies. In 2002, the national land use system was completely reorganized as the distinction became meaningless with the creation of urban and rural integrated cities.

11주차(2)

Cities of population are concentrated and cities become overcrowded and huge, resulting in various urban problems such as reckless development. In this case, urban problems are prevented and urban problems are alleviated or solved through urban planning. In other words, urban planning is a series of processes to establish and implement a desirable future image of a city. It is also a tool to predict the future level of development of the city, assume a desirable form in advance, and manage the city soundly and appropriately through necessary regulations, induction policies, and maintenance measures. It consists of a comprehensive national land plan, a comprehensive provincial plan, a wide-area urban plan, a basic urban plan, and a urban management plan. Among them, there are three types of urban planning: metropolitan urban planning, urban basic planning, and urban management planning. The metropolitan urban plan is similar to the basic urban plan in that it presents a long-term development direction, but there is a difference in that it is a plan for two or more administrative districts. The urban basic plan is an urban plan that presents the direction of development by encompassing the basic spatial structure, socio-economic, and material aspects, and is not directly binding to ordinary citizens and is binding to the administrative agency. The urban management plan is legally binding to suggest ways to specifically implement the direction proposed by the urban basic plan in urban space and regulate the building activities of ordinary citizens. The spatial structure of two or more adjacent special cities, metropolitan cities, cities, or counties. It is a plan to present long-term development directions to interconnect functions, preserve the environment, and systematically maintain wide-area facilities. The procedures for establishing a metropolitan city plan between cities and counties in the same province are basic investigation and drafting, holding public hearings, listening to opinions, applying for approval, consulting with related agencies, deliberating, and approving plans. The basic urban plan sets goals and directions by reflecting the characteristics and current status of the region, and specifically includes regional characteristics, direction and goals of the plan, social culture, economy, industry, spatial structure, and environmental conservation and management.

12주차(1)

The district unit plan is a plan that considers both three-dimensional building plans and flat land use plans for the cities and villages ‘where‘ we live. Streamline land use and secure a good residential environment to induce systematic and planned development of areas. It is a system that actively induces residents' participation, and it is possible to establish a district unit plan based on residents' proposals. The purpose of the district unit plan is to create an environmentally friendly urban environment ‘where‘ humans and nature coexist in certain areas in urban areas and to enable sustainable urban development or urban management. In non-urban areas, reckless development in planned management areas or development promotion areas is prevented, infrastructure is sufficiently installed to re-establish areas and functions, and surrounding areas and cities. It is to improve the function and aesthetics of the entire county to create an eco-friendly and sustainable city. The type 1 district unit planning zone is an urban development zone designated pursuant to Article 3 of the Urban Development Act. In addition, it is an area that changes from green areas to residential, commercial, and industrial areas, and is an area that requires systematic and planned management and development of urban areas. Type 1 district unit plan type is an area that needs maintenance of the existing city, an area that needs conservation, an area that needs management, and an area that needs development of a new city. The type 2 district unit plan is a residential, specific, and complex development promotion zone designated as a planned management area with a construction plan of 300,000 square meters or more if the apartment or row house is included in the apartment. The type of district unit plan includes residential areas that are used or will be used as collective living bases for residents, industrial areas to foster industries, distribution areas to operate collectively, and tourism and recreation areas to create tourist resorts and install necessary facilities. The district unit plan establishes the infrastructure layout and size, furniture and land size and construction plan, the maximum or minimum limit of the building's use or demolition rate and floor area rate or building height, and the traffic treatment plan.

12주차(2)

In Korea, ‘where‘ 90% of the population lives in cities, the appearance of cities is that of Korea. As globalization accelerates, competition between regions and cities is intensifying. It is necessary to present mid- to long-term and strategic urban policy directions considering changes in social conditions. It yearns for an era of green growth and needs to find an urban policy approach that will lead the era of green revolution. It entered an aging society in 2018 due to low birth rate and aging, and is expected to reach an ultra-aged society in 2026. Cultural diversity is expected to increase due to the continuous increase in the number of foreign residents. Urban policies are needed to adjust the supply and demand of living areas and convenience facilities due to population decline and changes in demographic structure, and to reflect various demands such as the elderly population and multicultural families. The decline of urban functions is accelerating due to the indiscriminate development of urban outskirts and the resulting large number of urban functions. In order to expand new growth engines for cities, complex high-tech industrial complexes should be created, urban revitalization and small-scale old industrial complexes should be reorganized. The preservation and management of unique historical, cultural assets, and natural resources characterized by cities are insufficient. It is necessary to establish traditional, unique cultural and landscape management measures for each city to preserve the pride of urban residents. In addition, urban planning measures are needed to save energy and supply and expand renewable energy to reduce carbon emissions. In order to create a vibrant and pleasant advanced first-class city, four major goals are needed: a competitive vital city, a convenient living city, an attractive cultural city, and a clean green city. In the future, easy-to-walk and lively urban streets will be created, and urban regeneration will be induced in connection with the protection of urban functions and specialized functions. A ubiquitous-based city will be created by designing a city so that all information can be accessed anytime, any‘where‘. It is also essential to provide housing welfare for the elderly and low-income families responsible for the public and to provide convenient urban spaces for the socially disadvantaged. In order to become an attractive cultural city, cultural inclusion policies that respond to multicultural societies should be promoted.

13주차(1)

Today's class was a time to review the district unit planning system. The district unit plan is a plan that is established by considering the three-dimensional building plan and the flat land use plan for the cities and villages we live in. A Type 1 district unit plan shall be implemented in urban areas, and a Type 2 district unit plan shall be implemented in non-urban areas. The designation targets of the Type 1 District Unit Plan include urban development zones designated under Article 3 of the Urban Development Act, maintenance zones designated under Article 4 of the Urban and Residential Environment Improvement Act, and land development project zones under Article 16 of the Housing Act.The type 1 district unit plan is an area that needs the maintenance of the existing city, an area that needs the preservation of the existing city, an area that needs the management of the existing city, and an area that needs the development of a new city. The targets of the type 2 district unit plan are areas that meet the requirements as planned management areas and areas that meet the requirements as development promotion areas. As for the planning management area, if the construction plan of apartments or row houses is included among apartment houses, it is more than 300,000 square meters. Industries designated as planned management areas, production management areas, and agricultural and forestry areas as development promotion zones. Distribution. It is a complex development promotion district. The resident proposal system is a system proposed by residents regarding the formulation of an urban management plan, and is the most direct and influential resident participation system. Under the current law, it is possible to propose proposals on matters related to urban infrastructure and matters related to district unit plans. The designation of a zone by a resident proposal shall induce active participation by obtaining a survey and consent from residents on the contents of the proposal in advance so that the opinions of residents can be sufficiently reflected. The planners of the district unit plan are special mayors, metropolitan mayors, mayors, and county governors. It is intended to establish a plan and shall be carried out by the head of each basic organization. The decision makers are special mayors, metropolitan mayors, and governors. It is a person who deliberates and reviews whether the district unit plan has been properly established and makes a final decision to establish the plan.

13주차(2)

For future development, the method of education should be changed to mathematics and meditation in the future. Only then can I live a happy life. Training to control the mind is important. Confucius, Mencius, and Stephen Jobs should consider their beliefs important across the East and West. In Korea, ‘where‘ 90% of the population lives in cities, it is no exaggeration to say that the city is what the Republic of Korea looks like. The direction of new urban policies in response to changes in the internal and external environment should be presented. It is necessary to establish urban policy directions that meet the national goals of low-carbon green growth. As the population decreased, the population growth rate slowed rapidly, and it became a low birth rate and an aging society. In the old city, living convenience facilities such as parking lots, parks, and cultural welfare facilities, and infrastructure such as public transportation systems are weak. Amid the accelerated reorganization of the global economic order, such as the conclusion of the FTA, and intensified urban competition across countries, the decline in urban functions accelerated due to reckless urban outskirts development and large-scale suburban transfers. In addition, there is a lack of space structure and urban design to respond to international environmental problems or resource crises. It is expected to increase the pressure to reduce carbon emissions by international agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol. Korea's urban policy has shifted from quantitative growth to qualitative internalization. Competitive urban orientation by strengthening growth engines, convenient urban orientation through living environment improvement, attractive urban orientation through urban culture and landscape creation, and clean urban orientation through urban natural environment recovery should be put forward as strategies. The vision and goal of future cities is to create a vibrant and pleasant advanced first-class city. The future of Korea's city is a vibrant city through regeneration. To promote functional urban regeneration projects, pilot projects centered on local cities are promoted.Expand financial support. In addition, it should be an urban space convenient for the socially disadvantaged to work. They say that a society ‘where‘ the socially disadvantaged can be treated the same as ordinary people and there is no problem living should be created. Welfare facilities and accessibility should be improved, and mobility convenience for the weak in transportation should be promoted.

14주차(1)

He explained how to submit final assignments and final examinations. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport wants to present cities and new means of transportation that will enrich our lives. In 2017, the smart city foundation was established. The national strategy R&D was launched in earnest, the Smart City Act was implemented, and the scope of the project was expanded. In 2018, a national pilot city was launched. Existing cities such as data hub model ‘select‘ion, theme-type specialized complex ‘select‘ion, and smart urban regeneration district ‘select‘ion were made smart. In 2021, smart cities began in earnest and spread nationwide. In addition, it innovates the mobile system with the commercialization of autonomous vehicles. By establishing infrastructure in earnest, a driving data sharing center is established, and smart roads are put forward as a pilot. It operates self-driving shuttles at Incheon Airport and expands the public's feeling through large-scale test-drive events in downtown Seoul. Major roads across the country have become smart, and self-driving cars are being commercialized as self-driving public transportation is being introduced. The era of drone-based unmanned aerial vehicles has also opened. As the drone market expands, it is inducing early commercialization with regulatory sandboxes such as deregulation and financial support. A practical test site should be created by preparing a plan to improve the drone classification system based on risk or performance and expanding education to train pilot experts. It is also creating new growth engines in the existing construction and transportation sector. The high-tech construction industry is to start developing construction automation technology and introduce intelligent maintenance systems. There is a method of introducing AI-equipped construction robots to the field or building a big data-based maintenance system. The Zero Energy Building aims to expand the market through public leadership and revitalize the private market early. Zero energy construction is mandatory for public enterprises, and insulation standards are significantly strengthened to the level of advanced countries. There are also new transportation services that create a new transportation ecosystem, such as digital land that develops land virtualization technology that implements the same reality in digital space, smart airports that test boarding procedures using biometric information, and smart logistics centers through robot use.