출석 및 과제점검표(재택수업 스스로 점검하기)

과목명:전자정부론

학과:행정학과

학번:21606495

주(날짜)	출석(당일)	지각(해당주)	결석(그이후)	과제	비고
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8주차 중간고사
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15주차	기말고사
과제1				제출일자 기입
과제2				제출일자 기입
과제3				제출일자 기입
계

이름:장윤진

강의 요약 정리:

1주차(1)

The basic skills of the information age require internationalization and major knowledge. A knowledge-based society uses English knowledge design using the Internet and computers.We should be able to constantly strive for our future goals as university students, not as previous weak egos, by changing our bodies and minds rather than knowledge.

2주차(1)

Upgrade is at the hardware and software. that is just performance upgrade. not changed computer concept.

The paradigm of a new society ‘‘‘where‘‘‘ nature and human beings or economic development and environmental conservation can coexist is badly needed.the speed of social development and the ability at the time of the era are very important, and we must prepare for the emergence of a new paradigm for information society problems that can be used in the future such as big data.

2주차(2)

The development of AI will lead to the possibility of replacing professional jobs and the disappearance of existing jobs. In addition, this fourth industrial revolution will overcome the limitations of space and time. The fourth industrial revolution will integrate reality and virtuality through simulation using core technologies and accelerate integration through digital-based production system.We need to get closer to the talent award for the future to solve these problems. We will have to analyze robots ourselves and we will have to protect our jobs by integrating them with humans. In the future, robots will solve many things such as banking and health care, and these areas will become more technologically advanced.  Scenario 4 is based on strong AI and diversity. It is a community based on newspaper names. In the end, the important thing is whether human personality will disappear or become richer by AI. It depends on our choices, willingness and effort.

3주차(1)

information for judgment and behavior.Also, information has many characteristics.Information is not lost or obsolete by many people.For the fifth, information is depreciated no matter how much you use it. It does not deteriorate, and unlike human services, information services can be stored, allowing continuous use. Sixth, information has a dimension of time.Information does not have a form unlike ordinary products, and it appears in various forms such as books, electronic documents, voice, and images depending on the container that holds it, and has a media dependency that varies depending on the medium being used.

3주차(2)

Securing an upper hand in the information technology-based information technology sector is recognized as the most important factor in improving national competitiveness.Recognizing that the entire national society is being redesigned because it is fundamentally transformed, the government is actively seeking to utilize information technology.In order to converge information technology in various sectors, we need to have such foundations as network and system, and we need software development and information education to utilize information technology.the information and communication industry while creating conditions for information services such as improving laws and systems and enhancing the ability to use information technology. They want creative and creative talent, not just workers who want simple labor.

4주차(1)

The era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is changing many things, not just our quality of life. The general society is also changing, but it is the change of government that makes the change more. As a leader in e-government, the nation is creating a more advanced government by incorporating the government into the fourth industry. The use of big data is very important for e-government. Big data is called crude oil in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, and information can be processed quickly and in large quantities and is a standard of value in digital society.The characteristics of big data include volume, variety, and velocity. Additional characteristics of big data include huge scale, reality, trend, and combination. Big data is used in many fields such as technology, people, and business processing.

4주차(2)

The continuum of tacit and explicit knowledge is defined as conversion through personal knowledge, external processes, organizational situations, and externalization processes. The characteristics of knowledge vary in effect according to previous mechanisms such as memory, expertise, experience, opportunity, etc., and have the possibility of modification and cumulative and dynamic characteristics.The types of knowledge include tacit and explicit knowledge. Implicit knowledge is based on experience and is transferred through dialogue. Personal. You only keep yourself in your heart. It is difficult to express clearly. Explicit knowledge can be formally expressed, detailed, and shared with others.Wisdom is more capable of drawing clues to problem solving in an unstructured and new situation than knowledge, and it is the ability to understand and learn various situation factors directly and indirectly.

5주차(1)

The concept of e-government varies. In the early e-government, government agencies simply used IT to increase efficiency within the administration. Recently, we are more interested in improving our services to citizens. E-government is a general term for the functions and services of government agencies based on computers and the Internet.The e-government aims to electronicize the affairs of administrative agencies by utilizing ICT, and to efficiently carry out administrative affairs of administrative agencies, etc. to each other and to the people.Korea has a national information policy that establishes a high-speed information and communication base for administrative network projects.The purpose of e-government is transparency, democracy, and productivity efficiency of administration.Government management and information and communication technology meet to make a better government.The e-government of the Republic of Korea is approached in terms of enhancing the efficiency and convenience of citizens‘ administrative services.

5주차(2)

There are three main types of e-government implementation. Type 1 is e-bank, type 2 is e-operating, and type 3 is e-Governance. E-bank is a view to changing the way government services are delivered to the people using information technology. e-Operation refers to the e-government‘s operations, or intelligent government-run forms that can make government work more efficient by

The purpose between government and local government is to promote coordination and collaboration between governments in various regions.The e-government covers electronic management, electronic society, electronic services and electronic citizens.

Key elements of the maturity model of e-government include transparency, customer-centered, ubiquitous, interoperability, optimization and electronic participation.Electronic democracy, electronic society, has to be reached to become the best e-government.

6주차(1)

It is evolving from citizen-oriented government 2.0 to customized intelligence government 3.0.

Government services have evolved from one-way services to two-way mobile services, and currently offer intelligent customized services.There are three ways to change into a citizen-centered government.

First, the mash-up service is something that can be easily shared by government agencies and citizens.

Second, it is to improve citizen-centered

Third, expanding the participation of citizens and civil servants through "blogging" and "wiki."

Developed to government 3.0

Government 3.0 is a Semantic Web-based government that personalizes and intelligentizes all government services according to their individual requirements and preferences. The Semantic Web provides personalized customization services by making it easy to retrieve the requested information through all types of channels, including websites and DBs.

6주차(2)

Korea has overcome many pain since the Joseon Dynasty. In the past, Korea was one of the poorest countries, and has made numerous advances, starting with the Saemaul Movement, from the primary industry to the current fourth IT industry. Thus, the Republic of Korea has become a model case for IT countries, which are world-class standards.  The government aims to become a transparent government through business support and job creation by opening public information and opening a public database. E-government and government 3.0 will advance in the future through the transformation of e-government based on cloud and big data, Establishment of National Future Strategy Center, and the globalization of Korean public service best practices.In the future, it will transform e-government based on cloud and big data, and establish a national future strategy center.The success factors of Government 3.0 are visionary presidents, best e-government infrastructure, institutional foundation and cooperation.

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9주차(1)

Tests so far have basically uated the ability to use comprehension and memory. Among them, memory is highly important. But we all have different levels of natural memory. The memory is good and bad, and it doesn't interfere much with life. Nevertheless, we uate and rank memory capabilities under the guise of a learning capability test. So this leads to stress.

The reason for studying is to develop speaking and writing skills. Everyone has different abilities, but a society that demands a uniform answer is contradictory. Training is needed to develop the ability to persuade others through the nature of social science and logic, rather than being tamed into answering the correct answer to existing tests. We should avoid living an unhappy life without wisdom while immersed in increasing the amount of knowledge.

Universities are originally institutions to nurture leaders. That is why students are given freedom. Invisible digital revolution has occurred and grown into a world-leading country. As the younger generation of Korea has received higher education, it should provide quality education to become an important figure in the world.

9주차(2)

We mainly study what is called past knowledge. Learning such past knowledge is not a problem for people studying humanities such as Oriental classical literature. But modern knowledge has a very short usable period. So we have to study for the future. Even so, it is important not to neglect studying the past, and to grasp the core of the future after the change.

It does not make sense to discuss the administration of our country without geographic information. The geographic information system can analyze how geography works in actual administrative phenomena. If the system that transfers geographic coordinates to maps is commercialized, policy effectiveness will be seen at a glance. ‘‘select‘‘ing an approximate location on the map should provide all information such as population, housing, environment, and transportation within the acceptable range. By connecting big data and geographic information systems and going through analysis software, the results of imaging statistics can be obtained.

A vector is a point. But it's a point in a dimension as large as that. The addition of a vector is equal to the sum of the matrices quantifying the target points of each vector.

10주차(1)

Although it is different from the concept of the state, 40,000 dolmens out of 60,000 found so far came from Gojoseon culture. Going back to the origins of the Korean Wave, we can see that our ancient civilization is much older than we think. We have lost such history. At least the culture we have should not be lost, and for the first time since Gojoseon destroyed, Korea should lead the world as an advanced country in the digital revolution.

Ubiquitous is a word similar to smart. Smart is used to mean that it reduces itself. The general technology of industrialization can be seen as inhuman, such as simplification, uniformity, and multi-production of small varieties. On the other hand, the development of information and communication technology has caused diversification and complexity. Services can be provided without time and space constraints.

In the future social organizational structure, the virtual world and the real world constitute the top and bottom layers, respectively. It is the human-machine system that connects him. The position of the job is determined depending on whether you give or receive instructions to artificial intelligence. If society develops in the direction of utilizing its individuality and creativity, the scope of the virtual world will be wider and the work of receiving instructions will be reduced.

Data can be represented by vectors. Big data is needed when processing complex data. Artificial neural networks are already conceived programs, but with the development of hardware, data processing that has not been achieved before has become possible. This had a great influence on the development of artificial intelligence today.

10주차(2)

Blockchain can be seen as the peak of the results of technological development. Blockchain is drawing attention as a key infrastructure for the fourth industry. Blockchain technology is used for the digital budget such as cryptocurrency. All assets are being replaced by digital assets and the information. Examples include tokens, NFT, etc. In the future, digital assets will occupy a higher position. Therefore, we need to understand virtual assets correctly and find a perspective and a way to study blockchain technology by converging them. Now, selling only one major can't adapt to the era of convergence. The basic infrastructure of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is artificial intelligence and blockchain. It can be a future-ready job to come up with and develop ideas that utilize and apply these technologies to areas of what we are interested in.

IT technologies include Web 3.0, cloud computing, and convergence. These technologies provide an environment suitable for the service to be used without time and space constraints. With the development of such IT technology, government services have also changed. It is characteristic to personalization, public-private cooperation, and maximization of information accessibility.

The data used in Ai needs vectorization. Interpreting vectors from a geometric perspective can be summarized into four keywords: multiply, add, dot product, and norm.

11주차(1)

Two technologies based on the digital transformation era are artificial intelligence and blockchain. It's not wise to invest just because it's floating a lot now. We need to invest in ideas that will increase in value in the future world. We should pay attention to the blockchain, the core infrastructure of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Blockchain and cryptocurrency can be found around us a lot. In order to create a reasonable and logical basis for investment, a correct understanding of virtual currency is needed. Blockchain can be said to be a computer and the Internet.

The ideal form of job creation using such future technology is to link investment using digital assets and start-ups. At the same time, we must be able to maximize our ability and fuse it, and we must be a person who creates a job on our own.

Electronic cooperation is the participation of various actors in politics while maintaining a horizontal relationship in the Internet space. Cyberspace exists behind an invisible monitor. Cyberspace has no restrictions on real space, and information from other temporal and spatial backgrounds exists beyond information that can be accepted in the material space. Electronic cooperation was realized due to representative democracy, expanding opportunities for civic participation, diversifying communication methods, and the development of technologies that connect relations between governments, companies, and citizens such as artificial intelligence and blockchain.

Geometrically analyzing vectors can be visually understood. In order to apply the characteristics of vectors, the data must have an appropriate form. The closer the angle between the vectors is to 90 degrees, the more irrelevant it is, and the closer it is to 0 degrees, the more similar it is.

11주차(2)

Metaverse is a world of nano. An object in virtual space may be implemented based on a nano molecular. Metaverse is used in various fields. Metaverse can be actively used not only in the living field that we are familiar with, but also in fields that require professional skills. For example, new materials or new drugs can be developed through computer virtual experiments. Experiments in virtual space can be shared by people studying the same field in several countries to implement a kind of big data. Research must go through several processes, such as buying basic materials, preparing appropriate environments, manufacturing, and testing. This requires a lot of money, time, and effort. However, if research needs are prepared in a virtual space, this numerous process is simplified. If these technologies develop further, simulations on areas that humans have not yet pioneered, such as new drugs and new materials, will become more common and will be able to solve various problems in the world.

The same goes for orchestras and compositions. In order to perform, it is necessary to numerous instruments, performers, and practice to achieve  harmonies. But if the sounds of various instruments are made into files and combined, an orchestra can be implemented even if it is not real. If we use the metaverse well, we can overcome the limitations of reality.

When analyzing a vector geometrically, the multiplication of a vector can be expressed as a point at which one vector on a graph vertically overlaps the other. The method of calculating the vector is to square each number of the matrix and add all values. The square root of the result is 'norm', the length of the vector.

12주차(1)

Young people of the present age don't worry much about social problems in society. This may be because we can't afford to pay attention to social issues because our livelihood and future are uncertain right now. Previous generations have made remarkable progress in the economic sector, and our generation has no worries about social change. The previous generation was guaranteed a good job and income with higher education, but not now. The area of employment has changed. The previous generation achieved democratization in dictatorship and became an advanced country from an economically poor country. The duty of our generation is to make Korea a leading country in the information age. It is necessary to prepare for the changing direction of the future and study constantly.

The way to know without trying it myself is to use geographic information systems and satellite images. Because the earth is not flat, we can't calculate the distance by a map alone. Artificial intelligence is like a human head. Understanding artificial intelligence means understanding a person's head. Therefore, artificial intelligence can be seen as the result of the convergence of mathematics and psychology. Math is needed to understand society more easily and comfortably.

The method of arithmetically performing a multiplication calculation between two vectors can be obtained by multiplying and adding all the numbers of matrices with the same number of rows and columns. Geometrically, the product of a vector can be obtained by substituting the angle between the two vectors at the point perpendicular to the other vector in the cosine equation.

12주차(2)

Working with a computer is important, but knowing how it works is also important. Western mathematics has pursued sustainable development, and Eastern morality aims for sustainable change. In the future society, both of these competencies will play an important role.

The most important core of the fourth industry is artificial intelligence and blockchain. In the future, e-government will use and provide services that combine the two technologies. In a society ‘where‘ rapid change is taking place, it cannot develop if you stick to the technology that has achieved good results so far.

In transactions ‘where‘ reliability is guaranteed, such as notarization of third parties, blockchain has been played by institutions such as banks. However, if the central system agency's data is corrupted, the notarization of a third party loses credibility. Blockchain is a system that records and verifies all trading institutions through automation of computer systems. It is possible to compensate for the shortcomings of the centralized system.

As such, many changes have occurred in administration according to the new environment. Environmental changes and natural disasters from a macro perspective can be grasped. Our country is very rich in ICT infrastructure. Schools and media are also actively conveying knowledge, and individuals are also interested in ICT technology. However, Korea's political level is sluggish compared to other competencies.  The main reason for Korea's weakening competitiveness in ICT governance is the lack of digitalization and convergence of each government organization and school system. Inefficiency occurred due to business confusion between ministries, and in fact, it was only a physical combination, resulting in unsatisfactory results. The government should redesign the ecology of e-government by expanding a flexible system that can actively accept future changes while pursuing shared values.

Two or more vectors are required to represent any data in two dimensions. Any point needs to have as many vectors as its n-dimensional value. When the angle of the two vectors reaches 0 degrees, dimensionally trapped occurs. Although it is potentially on a two-dimensional surface, it is practically impossible to deviate from the one-dimensional surface. The closer the angle of the two vectors is to 90 degrees, the more ideal it is.

13주차(1)

Social change takes place at a very rapid pace, so wise judgment is needed at each time. Due to COVID-19, almost everything made by humans has stopped changing. But everything that nature makes is still working. Therefore, we must pursue sustainable change that coexists with nature.

‘Smart’ means developing in the most desirable direction for itself. Desirable implies sustainability.

As the demand for administration has changed, the government's value-oriented point has also changed. It has become a society ‘‘where‘‘ social emotional intelligence, that is, the ability to express, understand, reason, and handle the emotions of oneself and others, becomes important. Now, in the pandemic situation, the country is on its way to self-help. Corona has created an international wall, and the progress toward a global society has stagnated considerably. In contrast, digital society is developing at a furious rate.

In this digital society, information asymmetry can be fatal. Information asymmetry means that the information held by the subjects of the transaction in the market is not the same. The reverse choice is to make a disadvantageous choice because there is not enough information in the decision-making process, and moral hazard is that the one who has the upper hand in the information acts against the interests of the one who has no information. If e-government develops and the imbalance of information is alleviated, this problem can be overcome.

The data economy has become an inevitable trend around the world, and Korea is also making and implementing strategic plans. Big data is used closely in our lives. With the development of IT, big data has developed, and it has caused great changes in our lives, especially in the industrial field. Just as the oil-producing country had great power in the era of the Industrial Revolution, the status of the country will change depending on how well big data is utilized in the digital era.

13주차(2)

It is difficult to say that "smart" means only technological development without uating whether it is wise or beneficial and desirable for human society. In practice, from an information technology perspective, the smart that penetrates the information society means making a mathematical model of human imagination and applying it to computers or robots for everyday use. However, the smart used in modern society refers to continuous development in a more desirable direction. While technically developing at a rapid pace, human wisdom and morality are not keeping up with rapid development. When urbanization proceeds rapidly and the population is concentrated in one place, various social problems such as resource shortages, environmental pollution, traffic congestion, and social disasters occur. To solve this problem, it is necessary to develop with sustainability in mind. Innovation technology aims to develop sustainably. Smart cities that utilize the technologies of the 4th industrial revolution such as big data and artificial intelligence are looking at a leap toward a wisdom society beyond intelligent societies such as super-intelligence and super-connectedness. Keywords representing smart cities include autonomous driving, subscription economy, robots, environment, maintenance and repair, time, and safety. Korea's strength can be said to be citizens who are open to world-class ICT technologies, companies, and smart technologies. So far, Korea has been in the fast-following position, but now it has to become a first mover, or a leading country. Korea has experienced more urban development than any other country. Because a generation has various experiences at the same time, it can adapt well to change. We must gather wisdom by thinking about how to move forward more wisely.

Several conditions are needed for big data innovation to take place. First, it is a great project. Decision makers need knowledge of big data and artificial intelligence to plan good projects. The second is the volume and quality of the data. The third is accessibility. Even if data exists, it is not always accessible. Fourth, there should be no obstacles to prevent communication, and fifth, the ability to analyze data. It also needs a culture of making decisions with data insights.

The younger generation has been using digital devices and producing and consuming data since childhood, and has many opportunities to study artificial intelligence. Therefore, it is distinguished from the older generation in that there is no data outsider. The future will be led by someone who is good at data.

14주차(1)

Big data literally means a large set of data in various forms. Big data is being used not only in our lives but also in many fields such as politics, economy, society, and culture. These data are generated in vast quantities every day. Scholars put this data into machine learning of artificial intelligence and use it meaningfully. Using machine learning technology, we can find out who will buy what products and what movies and music they like. However, predicting the data value with only one data can lead to errors. Big data can also be processed into high-quality information by converging with geographic information systems and used for traffic congestion by time zone and predicting epidemic routes. As such, data is a valuable asset that predicts the future, and as its value increases, it is necessary to develop and pay attention to the ability to handle big data.

We must pursue sustainable change in technological development. It is necessary to study how satellite images, geographic information systems, and statistics can be fused and predicted and utilized in real time. Big data is hard to explain neatly. The range of data is very vast, it is generated at a high speed, and there are various types. Big data is the key to completing digital monitoring. It can be used in various fields such as weather satellites, the Internet of Things, and traffic cameras. The reason why it is difficult to fuse satellite images, geographic information systems, and statistical data is that it is difficult to find a legal basis for how data is connected and used according to the statistical law, and manuals are not provided. There is also the cause of the omission of necessary information from the data. Population information according to accurate coordinates has not been properly identified. And privacy or security problems of citizens, which are subject to information collection, may occur. As it deals with sensitive information, measures should be taken to prevent damage when exposed. In order to minimize humans from touching this information, advanced technology in artificial intelligence will be needed so that data can be analyzed automatically and the reality and future can be checked at the same time.

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