출석 및 과제점검표(재택수업 스스로 점검하기)

학과: 행정학과

학번: 21606893

주(날짜)	출석(당일)	지각(해당주)	결석(그이후)	과제	비고
1주차(1)	○				수강정정기간
1주차(2)	○				수강정정기간
2주차(1)	○
2주차(2)	○
3주차(1)	○
3주차(2)	○
4주차(1)	○
4주차(2)	○
5주차(1)	○
5주차(2)	○
6주차(1)	○
6주차(2)	○
7주차(1)	○
7주차(2)	○
8주차 중간고사
9주차(1)	○
9주차(2)	○
10주차(1)	○
10주차(2)	○
11주차(1)	○
11주차(2)	○
12주차(1)	○
12주차(2)	○
13주차(1)	○
13주차(2)	○
14주차(1)	○
14주차(2)	○
15주차 기말고사
과제1(2021/4/25)				O
과제2(2021/06/17)				O
계	26			2

이름: 신성욱

강의 요약정리

1주차

수강정정기간

2주차(1)

We are living in a smart era now.

Smart is to go in the right direction on your own.

There is a limit to sustainable development with fossil energy.

Solar energy needs to be developed to make sustainable development.

2주차(2)

Students should think about their own changes, not just about changes in society.

Changes in students require a variety of requirements and most importantly, having a healty body.

Because every game is decided by health.

It is also important to have a habit of studying for a least eight hours a day.

If these two things are met, they can bring good results.

3주차(1)

So far, all societies have created to improve human physical abilities.

However, digital tools in the information society were made to improve the human brain.

In the information society, the lack of brains can be filled with the ability to use artificial intelligence.

In agrarian societies, humans themselves were recognized for their physical abilities.

In industrial society, it was recognized for its physical abilities and skilled skills, and in information society for its ability to combine humans and computers.

We need to develop computer skills according to the information society.

3주차(2)

The nature of information is to be understood accurately as the number of jobs related to the information society will increase significantly.

The nature of information includes the following.

First, it is a non-consumption that does not disappear just because it is used.

Second, the more it accumulates without disappearing, the more effective it is.

Third, Information has a non-transferability that does not disappear or shrink just because it is distributed, which further increases the value of new users.

Fourth, information that has a dimension of time and is not updated over time becomes less valuable.

Fifth, the distinction between producers and consumers is ambiguous and can also serve as consumers as well as producers.

4주차(1)

This time, we will learn about the environmental characteristics of the information society.

In the information society, individuals need to make continuous efforts because they are determined by their personal efforts and abilities.

In the 21st century, information technology is entering a society in which information is in full swing, and information technology is recognized as the most important measure of national development.

Furthermore, the fourth revolution represented by the Internet of Things has recently taken place.

As a result, major advanced countries are not only trying to build information infrastructure, but the U.S. is also pushing for high-speed network projects that are 100 to 1,000 times faster than the existing Internet.

In addition, advanced countries are establishing high-speed information and communication infrastructures around the world and promoting new information technologies on a pan-national level such as administration, education, culture, and corporate activities.

The nation failed to respond quickly to changes in the economic paradigm and suffered from a slump in the domestic economy, sluggish exports and insufficient economic restructuring.

However, Korea is currently investing a lot of time and money in building information content following the construction of infrastructure.

4주차(2)

The goal of the class is to understand what the e-government should understand to improve its literacy and what the digital society and e-government crude oil are.

The definition of data is the reading of recorded symbols and signals, and the representation of facts about the world in symbols and languages.

A key element of data is big data.

Big data is the crude oil of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and a measure of value in digital society.

As a result, big data is emerging as a key resource that can be used to create the social and economic value of the country.

The basic characteristics of big data include volume, variety, velocity, veracity and value.

Additional characteristics include huge scale, reality, trend and combination.

Benefits of big data include composition of emotions, detection and prevention of fraud, utilization of economic analysis, and increased government confidence.

These advantages allow the government to utilize big data in various fields such as technology, people, and work processing.

5주차(1)

In this class, we will learn about the definition of knowledge and the relationship between knowledge, data, and information.

Knowledge is acquired through experience and interaction with the environment in which a person is in.

Knowledge has modifiable, cumulative and dynamic characteristics.

Knowledge can be classified into two categories: tacit knowledge and explicit knowledge.

Implicit knowledge is difficult to express clearly and is transferred through dialogue.

Explicit knowledge can be clearly and clearly formalized and transferred through documentation.

Information  is obtained from refined and organized data when acquired facts are presented systematically in a given context.

Data is simply an observed result.

We can get information from data and gain knowledge from information and wisdom from knowledge.

This circular process appears continuously.

5주차(2)

This class will learn about the concept and contents of e-government.

In the world we live in, e-government is playing the role of air.

The concept of e-government varies depending on what perspective it perceives and sees, such as the nation's strategic priorities and times.

The beginning of the early e-government was to increase the efficiency of the administration in government agencies.

Recently, however, they are more interested in improving services to citizens.

The purpose of e-government is to lead government innovation through transparency, democracy, productivity and efficiency in administration.

Government innovation is a good combination of information and communication technology and government operations.

Government innovation developed and advanced as government data was opened through the introduction and leap period.

The means used in government innovation are e-government.

The government-centered e-government has technological bureaucracy, surveillance, and despotic government.

There is transparent and efficient public service and democratic settlement in the e-government centered on the people.

6주차(1)

In this class, we will learn about the types of e-government and the development stages.

The implementation types of e-government are divided into Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3.

The first type is e-Banking, which uses information technology to change the method of delivering government services to the people.

Type 2 is to streamline government operations by connecting internal parts of the government with e-Operation to make it work better.

The third type is e-Government, a new governance model for transforming public sector systems that cast fundamental questions about the reason for the existence of the government.

The ideological types of e-government include equity, productivity, reflectivity, and democracy.

Equity is the universal use of government services and the fair use of them.

Types of interactions with governments include G2C, G2B, G2G, and G2E.

The purpose of the G2C type is to provide satisfactory services to citizens to improve relations between the government and citizens.

The purpose of the type G2B is to provide better service to the enterprise.

The purpose of the G2G type is to promote coordination and collaboration between central and local governments, or between governments in various regions.

The purpose of the G2E type is to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of administration.

6주차(2)

Concepts and Features of Government 2.0 and 3.0

Today, governments are moving toward Government 2.0, which provides citizen-centered services and promotes participation through information sharing.

The government uses Web 2.0 technology to drive collaboration and challenging aspects based on information and service sharing.

Through these services, it is transformed into a citizen-oriented government ‘where‘ citizens can easily participate.

Paradigm Shift of Government Services.

Government 1.0 from 1995 to 2000, 2.0 from 2005 to 2010, and 3.0 from 2015 to 2020.

Mashup services make it easy for government organizations and citizens to share and utilize government data and services.

Mashup is a Web 2.0 technology that combines content from two or more website to create new content or services.

There are three examples of mash-up services.

1, Local Governments - Integrates maps from other organizations such as Google, Yahoo, and others to develop geographic information systems and provide related services.

2, National Police Agency - Traffic management and accident monitoring by aggregating vehicle registration and GIS information.

3, Tax Offices - Tax forms that combine information such as tax management services, bankbook information, and medical expenses can be pre-charged.

In the future, the government is expected to advance to 'Government 3.0', a customized intelligent government using semantic web technology.

7주차(1)

This time, we will look into the government 3.0 of our country.

Korea has changed from the poorest country to the leader of ICT technology.

GDP grew from $104 to $24,000, while exports also rose sharply.

Eighty-two percent of homes own PC and the Internet, and three out of four mobile phone users use smart-phone.

However, despite this development, most of our country is not happy.

The driving force behind Korea's growth in ICT technology is as follows.

Major companies such as Samsung and LG have switched from home appliance companies to ICT companies.

Naver, Korea's leading Internet company, has a high stock market value.

Fast growth in e-commerce and mobile markets.

The rapid rise of e-government services through ICT, such as civil service 24 and home-tax services.

However, despite such advanced e-government services and infrastructure, the e-government has not changed the government's way of working much.

Innovation programs through ICT should contribute to changing government culture and the way civil servants work.

It should also provide customized services to meet the needs of its citizens.

This is the direction of government 3.0.

7주차(2)

In this class, we looked into the midterm examination and midterm examination.

9주차(1)

Changes in Information and Communication Technology and Administration

With the development of information and communication technology, society has changed into a phenomenon such as information society, knowledge and information society, and the function and role of the government has changed accordingly.

The background of the emergence of e-government is technological development (ICT), management revolution, and government innovation.

Since the discovery of Hewlett Packard in 1939 and the invention of the first commercial computer in 1950, information and communication technology has continued to develop.

As a result, the current information and communication technology has led to the emergence of e-government.

With the advent of e-government, the paradigm of public service delivery has also shifted.

The traditional bureaucracy was a vertical hierarchy, oriented toward the cost-efficiency of production, but the e-government is oriented toward user satisfaction, control, flexibility and forms a horizontal structure.

In addition, traditional bureaucracy was managed by rules and orders, but e-government values coordination and inter-departmental teamwork as management of flexibility.

Advances in information and communication technology have affected various fields such as culture, politics, society and economy.

For example, not only can people easily access foreign culture by using computers, but also people can participate in politics more easily and find information.

Also, electronic transactions have become more active through computers.

Information and communication technology has also had a lot of influence on administration.

As the lives of the people became more informative, interest in the quality of life increased, and various desires began to be expressed.

As a result, various crimes occurred through the Internet and the scope of police activities increased to prevent cyber crimes.

With the development of information and communication technology, society and economic structure also changed, and the function and role of administration changed, and e-government was designed.

9주차(2)

Changing into e-government has had various influences on the inside and outside of government agencies.

Inside, interconnection between departments and departments and agencies was facilitated and the efficiency of government internal processes was improved.

Outside, the government‘s transparency has increased and citizens‘ access to information

As a result, the relationship between the government and citizens has changed from vertical to horizontal.

The benefits of e-government include access to public information, improved interactions in the public sector, and improved public services.

Obstacles to the e-government drive include a lack of ICT infrastructure, a lack of ICT skills and resistance to change.

After the first, second and third rounds, it has now reached the era of the fourth industry.

The Quadratic industry uses cyber-physical systems to monitor, analyze and automate business.

The fourth industry is the convergence of the virtual, digital and real worlds to create various industries.

In the future, the government should take advantage of the fourth industry to push in four directions to become a creative and intelligent e-government.

First, expanding and deepening connectivity

duplex, activation of sharing

Third, a versatile and smart citizen.

Fourth, borderless and intensifying competition.

Being a creative and intelligent e-government will make citizens content with offline services.

10주차(1)

Informatization and business processes

Depending on the way you work, your organization‘s competitiveness is different.

Fundamental changes are needed in the process of handling tasks such as reengineering, process redesign and business process redesign.

Reengineering is essentially rethinking and fundamentally redesigning core business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in business processes such as quality, cost, service, and 고go.

BPR‘s goals include enhancing customer value, succeeding in the organization‘s vision and goals, and reducing costs for efficiency.

It also targets good people, fast processes and cheap technology in terms of products and services.

Key elements of BPR include organizational structure, technology, organizational culture and strategy.

BPR is needed to find new opportunities through customer-centered administration, changes in administrative environment, organizational competitiveness, and IT.

To successfully execute BPR, a BPR team should be formed to identify and analyze customer needs and business needs to make continuous improvements.

If there is a lack of awareness and willingness to push for BPR and training, it may fail.

Conditions for the success of BPR in the public sector require the attention and support of top managers, awareness of the need for change in members and education.

It should also consider the political situation and manage the sense of crisis among its members as a result of change.

When pursuing BPR, the definition, questions, methods for improvement, and solution development and analysis for process management should be reviewed.

10주차(2)

Business Reference Model

It is a kind of reference model to clarify the linkage relationship between the functions of the ministries and to facilitate the joint utilization and collaboration of information in information service and related tasks.

The medical institution implements and operates an information service system to support electronic processing of functional classification of government affairs and to expand the joint utilization of linked information, etc.

The functional classification of administrative work is to classify the work of administrative agencies around their own functions and define the information related to the classified work.

The basic objectives of BRM operations and the expected effects thereof are varied.

Through information sharing, it is expected to establish a foundation for horizontal cooperation system among all ministries and to provide a foundation for securing continuity in the performance of administrative affairs to efficiently grasp the work and the performance process.

Also, it is expected that the government will provide a foundation for seamless public service.

There are three limitations of BRM.

1. It does not include work process information on how individual unit work is being carried out, so it is difficult to grasp how the knowledge and experience of public officials performing work on the actual front line are reflected in the work procedures.

2. Fundamentally, it is based on unit work, which is the basic unit of organizational composition under the current legislation, so it is fundamentally less responsive to everyday changes.

3. We take a top-down view, starting from the perspective of the chief executive, rather than the bottom-up view of reorganizing processes in the performance of individual civil servants‘ work.

Business Process Management Model

The focus is on continuous improvement of processes from a cross-functional point of view in order to restructure the work.

BPM is one of the business innovation methodologies that enables organic integration of the entire task process, both within and outside the organization.

The main success theory of BPM is situational theory, dynamic capacity, task-technical fit theory.

BPM contributes to the improvement of resource management and integration of administrative operations in the public sector and helps align policies and strategies in operation.

Informatization Strategy Plan

It is a systematic and deliberate activity to bring about distinct advantages through informationization.

The purpose of ISP is to properly integrate the organization‘s management strategy and goals with the current direction of information technology.

The success of ISPs requires the attention and involvement of top and senior managers, and the linkage of information service strategies and business goals.

11주차(1)

Electronic Citizen Participation

Citizen participation is essential to realizing local autonomy and democracy in the governance structure.

Citizens must engage in administrative and political participation and can make better policies through participation or realize social conflict resolution and social equity.

Citizens and governments should work together to create social shared value.

Electronic civic participation is an activity in which citizens participate in political processes and policymaking processes by utilizing electronic tools such as online and Internet.

As it moves from the back office area to the front office area, electronic civic participation increases and democracy and transparency increase.

Electronic civic participation has a variety of models, including bystandards, individual types, network types and proxy types.

The reason for the need for electronic civic participation is that the government can gain access to the system and overcome the restrictions on participation in time and space.

Positive effects of electronic civic participation include the ease of gathering policy opinions through ICT, the possibility of interactive communication, and the reduction of administrative losses.

Negative effects include reducing the administrative discretion of front-line civil servants, increasing opportunities to present various opinions, and difficulties in making decisions and enforcing them.

Electronic civic participation is to solve policy problems with collective intelligence through the participation of more people in the process of making decisions through free discussion and deliberation in the policy-making process.

The process of electronic policymaking is as follows.

1. Social problems arise through administrative portal sites, media, public opinion, SNS, etc.

2. Recognizing Government Policy Issues

3. ‘select‘ policy agendas posted on administrative portal or mobile and include expert opinions.

4. Setting policy agendas in consideration of importance, urgency, ripple effect, practicability, etc. and holding voting on portals or mobile devices

5. Collect citizen‘s opinions and review and predict alternatives with experts

6. Finally, vote through portals and mobile to determine the final draft

Considerations of e-citizen participation in the policymaking process should take into account issues of democracy and the realization of values of public character, representation and equity of opinions.

11주차(2)

Implementation of Electronic Citizen Participation

The cyber participation model differs depending on the degree of expertise and politicality of administration.

The electronic management model is that both the importance of political judgment and the strength of expertise in administrative affairs are weak.

The electronic agent model shows the importance of political judgment and the strength of expertise in administrative affairs.

The electronic model of civic participation is that political judgment is of high importance but the level of expertise in administrative affairs is weak.

Although political judgment is of low importance, it is an electronic bureaucratic model that has a strong degree of expertise in administrative affairs.

The basic elements of the form of electronic citizen participation are information provision, policymaking and consultation.

A common prerequisite for electronic civic participation is to form legal, policy and institutional frameworks, prepare electronic citizen participation methods and practice tools, and then introduce new ICT.

As the quality and stability of electronic services improve, citizens will increase and participate in government trust.

Motivation factors for electronic civic participation include expectations of opinion ‘select‘ion and political efficacy through electronic civic participation.

Obstacles include budget shortages, lack of technical officials, upgrades and stability issues.

Components of digital capabilities include public interest thinking, sharing, collaboration, and finding problems in the world.

Digital citizens all have digital literacy, respect for online community values, and cyber safety skills.

12주차(1)

A Study on the Implementation of Intelligent Design in the Public Sector Using ICT

ICT does not legally define information and communication technology itself.

However, looking at the definition of information and communications, the Framework Act on National Informatization defines ‘information and communication‘ as "a series of activities and means to promote the collection, processing, storage, search, transmission, reception and utilization of information, related devices, technologies, services and other information services."

Intelligent information technology is an advanced ICT, defined as "the technology that combines artificial intelligence technology and data utilization technology to implement human high-level information processing capabilities in machines."

Artificial intelligence is an intelligent technology that implements some or all of human intelligence, such as cognitive recognition and learning, using computers.

Artificial intelligence‘s technology is represented by five key technologies: learning and reasoning skills, situation understanding skills, language comprehension skills, blind understanding skills, recognition and recognition technologies.

Although the nation‘s artificial intelligence technology is relatively low, its future prospects are positive, given that it has improved 4.2 percent from last year and that the technology gap has also narrowed slightly from 2.2 years to 1.8 years.

In its "Artificial Intelligence R&D Plan," the government is seeking to push for large-scale artificial intelligence projects in the public sector, expand investment in hardware and strengthen integration with other sectors.

Data utilization technology is ICT that collects, stores, and processes data, including IoT, Cloud, BigData, and Mobile.

The fourth industrial revolution is triggered by technological innovation through convergence with science and technology in physics and biology, including 3D printing, nanotechnology and biomedical engineering, as well as intelligent information technology.

Not only is knowledge and information in various fields shared and linked, but it is also entering an era ‘where‘ new values are created through convergence between technologies.

This technological innovation is also expected to be a driving force to address social issues as well as industrial reorganization and economic growth.

Blockchain is technically a distributed ledger network technology in which information about transactions, contracts, etc. can be connected and stored on a distributed ledger, and in a broad sense, the program can self-execute without a central server.

Blockchain is divided into public and private blockchains, and hybrid or consortium blockchains, depending on whether prior approval is required to participate in the network.

Domestic block chain technology lags behind the U.S., Europe, Japan and the Middle East.

Accordingly, active plans such as development of block chain technology platforms specialized in each industry, establishment of technology support centers, and provision of development test beds were announced in accordance with the mid- to long-term roadmap for technology development through the "Blockchain Technology Development Strategy."

12주차(2)

A Study on the Implementation of Intelligent Design in the Public Sector Using ICT

Companies such as Google, Amazon, Microsoft, and Oracle are increasingly offering cloud-type big data platforms.

The fact that the public domain can be translated into various terms means that the public domain has so many meanings.

The public domain corresponding to the Public Sphere was first used by Harbormas as it was popular in the social sciences.

The public domain of Harbourmas is a forum for public debate in which individuals voluntarily, autonomously and reasonably argue beyond their interests.

Public domain is a term commonly used in the IT sector that refers to "information that can be copied or modified freely by anyone and used in any way or for any purpose."

In other words, it can be understood as content free from copyright law.

Public sectors include public corporations, quasi-government agencies and other public institutions, which are translated precisely into the public sector and run for public interest purposes with government financial support.

As such, the public domain is used in different ways in different fields.

The public domain means the public service sector provided for public interest purposes.

Specifically, areas that provide public services such as education, public administration, disaster and transportation facilities, environment, public welfare, and social welfare are included in the public domain.

Public service means "any variety of goods or services provided to citizens by public institutions, such as public corporations and quasi-government organizations, or by the private sector and non-profit organizations, for the sake of the public interest."

The industries in which public services are provided are largely energy, construction, public administration, education, health and social welfare.

13주차(1)

The advent of a community-tailored service era

As the era of community-tailored services becomes an era of community-specific services, a consumer-centered approach is required to enhance the utilization rate of e-government services.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide various services to the people in an active manner in accordance with the socio-economic environment.

Community-tailored services are needed because in the future e-governments will have to provide more active access to and provide community life services suitable for people‘s lives and regional situations.

It is also because people are required to receive various public services in a more active manner in line with socioeconomic changes in the environment.

Existing communities have limitations in concept and must be reestablished.

In order to discuss the concept of local information service in many studies as the national information service project progresses and to define a clearer concept of local information service, the contents of local information service should be analyzed by dividing it into the promotion subject, the promotion target and the promotion strategy.

The policy goal is to establish a customized integrated service delivery system centered on consumers so that services can be delivered to those in need without duplication or omission.

The public‘s desire for social welfare has become more complicated and diversified, which has led to the government‘s active push.

Community-tailored services should address policy implications in various directions in the future.

In the development and deployment of community e-government services, it should be developed in a way that reflects the needs of the people and intends to implement customer-centered e-government services.

It is time to form discourse and issue from various perspectives, including public management and mutual monitoring, autonomous control, optimization of regulation and deregulation, and development of happiness index.

13주차(2)

Urban Society of the Covid-19, Spatial Change and Policy Issues

Since Covid-19 provides unprecedented experience and calls for attempts to solve urban problems from a new perspective, the need for collective intelligence to gather strength and systematically respond has increased.

It should also contribute to resolving the deepening polarization phenomenon in the digital economic era through consideration for the economically and socially disadvantaged in terms of urban policy, planning and design.

Covid-19 needs unprecedented experience and effort to solve the problem from a new perspective.

Some economists predict that if the current situation is prolonged, there will be a more serious level of economic crisis than the 1998 or 2008 financial crisis and the global economic order will likely be reshuffled.

At this time, we must unite the power of collective intelligence to overcome national crises and fears and seek solutions.

Covid-19 is causing various damage.

First, public transportation was in crisis due to a sharp drop in the number of passengers on roads, railways, and aviation as human and physical movements or exchanges were restricted and prohibited in various spaces.

Second, the sharing economy, which had recently been in the spotlight for tourism, lodging, and shared housing, was also dampened by the price of Hansun.

Third, due to the non-face-to-face, the quality level of the decision-making system is feared to deteriorate in the way residents participate and gather public opinion.

Fourth, restaurants, entertainment establishments, and offline large retailers lost their competitiveness.

14주차(1)

We must live at least another 80 years.

Therefore, you should not be too swayed by the changes of the world, but calmly go your own way.

The success of the Korean version of the New Deal and a happy society should develop in a wise direction based on the so-called Triangle Theory of Education, Education New Deal + Community Value + Digital New Deal + Green New Deal.

Also, knowledge can be borrowed, but wisdom is not easy to borrow, knowledge accumulates, but wisdom must be built entirely by constant self-effort.

Smart power never disappears, and it is community humanity, or love, that overcomes it.

Three times the principle of life is one‘s share, organizational maintenance and organizational development.

There have been various changes in society since Covid-19.

There is a return to the agrarian society in the energy sector, and power generation in the fourth and fifth industrial era in the technology sector.

The economy is now shifting from a mass production and consumer economy to a subscription economy beyond a shared economy.

We must go our own way silently.

Also, life is said to be a marathon, but it is a mixture of short, medium, and marathon, sometimes resting, and upside down or sideways.

Therefore, you should be at ease.

14주차(2)

As the last class of this semester, I studied about assignments and exams.