전자정부론 출석 및 과제점검표(재택수업 스스로 점검하기)

학과: 행정학

학번: 21706175

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7주차(2)	○				전반부 총정리 및 과제와 시험안내
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14주차(2)	○				후반부 총정리 및 과제와 시험안내
기말고사
과제1(제출일자)				O(2101.04.15.)
과제2((제출일자)				O(2101.06.03.)
계

이름: 조은상

강의 요약 정리:

1주차(1)

This class will be conducted as a non-face-to-face class due to Corona 19, and there is a possibility that it will be changed to face-to-face depending on the situation. Since it was the first hour, the introduction of the class was mainly made. Classes are conducted in two ways: LMS and Urban Information Center. The information center consists of a profile, cyber lecture room, information country, and community. Since then, the cyber lecture room consists of e-government syllabus, lecture room, and assignment submission. Basic lectures may be taken at LMS in case of online lectures, and the contents of reference materials may be provided at the Urban Information Center. The textbooks will use the homepage and LMS, and the Urban Information Center will be used for assignment submission. Lectures will be conducted due to the lecture in the syllabus, but the contents of the lecture are likely to change from time to time. Basically, this lecture will be directed toward watching lectures, not listening classes.

1주차(2)

Chapter 1 Restoration of the basic premise and humanity for the existence of an information society;

Under the theme of restoring humanity for the existence of the information society, we should consider the problem of filial piety and the fundamental problem of university students. In the case of university students' questions, basically, college students train to have the ability to control their own choices, contrasting with high schools that are trained at batting average.

What I'm going to introduce this time is a word that penetrates this semester's class.

Confucius: Learning is like climbing a river upside down, and if you don't go on endlessly, you'll regress. You should always do your best like a jungle lion. It is said that society should always do its best.

Confucius: It is better to take a look than a hundred times. There is a difference between listening and watching as if a movie is memorable rather than a class in high school. This lecture will be mainly focused on watching, not listening. You have to think about such a method.

Chapter 2 What is study and what should I study?

The East will focus on humanities, the West on science, and the future society will focus on brain training. It is important to utilize artificial intelligence as it is added. Also, the ability to fuse special majors is necessary.

You should listen to lectures and understand what's inside, not studying watermelon reading. Most people don't study writing. There is a need to learn writing that is used in real society, and in this lecture, we will learn it through the self-summary step. In addition to the professor who lectures and the student who listens, the student should give lectures and supplement the professor.

2주차(1)

Summary

Are humans as smart as smart development, which is the meaning of smart, due to the smart development? You have to think about it. As a result, new research converging new diverse research is being highlighted, and research on artificial sun and photosynthesis for sustainable development is being conducted, and all of these imaginations should be directed to develop us in total mobilization, and Dubai can be an example. I will think about the fundamental skills needed in the current society and learn them through English, computer, and writing, and I will have to change from lectures I take to lectures I take together.

Full Summary

Modern society is called the smart age. The meaning is to go in the direction of self-desirable. Are humans smart in this process? There is a need to think about it for yourself. Just as various groups such as ants, anchovies, and migratory birds do not collide in relation to traffic accidents in self-driving cars, sensors related to the eyes of ants, anchovies, and bats can reduce traffic accidents. Like this, we should go to a new stage of convergence ‘where‘ research on the senses of ants, anchovies, and migratory birds and research on automobiles are combined.

What is sustainable development? Currently, it is difficult to develop with fossil fuel energy, so there is a need for sustainable development. This led to the need for artificial solar, photosynthesis, and solar panels related to the Sun. These were all related to creation. There is also a need to study in artificial intelligence, and it is recommended to take an auxiliary lecture on mathematics.

We should use all our imagination to set the direction for our development. Such a city can be seen as Dubai.

What is the basic mobility needed in the information age? I need to worry about that. Therefore, through this lecture, I will learn writing through English, computer, and writing summary. It will have to change from a lecture you listen to to a lecture you share.

As I have to go to society soon, I hope that this lecture will contribute to the development of future society with creative future-oriented challenging ideas. There is a need to change yourself before building knowledge.

2주차(2)

summary

Society is making a lot of changes now. Society faces various changes, including agriculture, industry, and information fourth industry. This should know the paradigm shift in the age of behavior. In line with this society, college students should take care of their health and study for 8 hours. You should learn how to listen, write, and speak through the Internet using information. Also, you should not neglect to study English, which is an international language. We have to adapt to the information society.

Full contents

Chapter 2 How should people change when society changes in various ways?

We are talking about changes in the information society. As always mentioned, people care a lot about changes in society, but not about themselves. The weak point of Korean students is that they are weak. You should always try to stay healthy. You should try as hard as you studied.

Because every game is decided by health. The test is just a means, so you have to be healthy. The second requirement is to study eight hours a day. Changes in society have changed to the era of agriculture, industry, information, and fourth industrial. Paradigm should know what that means what it would change and to act.

In the case of agricultural society, poverty and slow information delivery were always together, and industrial society changed to the era of automobiles. It means that they use a lot of fossil fuels. This is no longer a sustainable development. Therefore, a new paradigm is required. In the case of the information society that emerged later, there is no limit to the speed of information delivery and information is invisible to the Internet.

Like this, the way of studying is also changed. How to use information is listening, writing, and speaking. I will learn this by summarizing the key points in the course of the lecture. English should be trained in speaking and writing as if it were an international language. We need to adapt to the information society by using the Internet.

3주차(1)

Summary

Currently, society is rapidly changing, so all knowledge cannot be pursued. That is why we need to find the knowledge that penetrates the core. Previously, tools were designed to complement human physical abilities, but computers were designed to complement the human brain. South Korea's information infrastructure is a high level of infrastructure, but it should be able to fill it with good content. Also, the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution will resolve some of the factors of time and space, bringing to the concept of New Nomads' life and subscription economy. In the future, we will have to think a lot about how to adapt to the future society and artificial intelligence, which is a key technology of change.

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Chapter 3 New Paradigm in the Information Age

It is difficult to pursue all knowledge in a rapidly changing modern society, so we need to find the knowledge that penetrates the core of the board of directors. Previously, tools were designed to complement physical capabilities, but computers in the information society would be a new direction because they were designed to complement the abilities of the human brain. This is because it will utilize artificial intelligence well and effectively use its work.

It is very important to uate a person's ability. If so, we need to know what the criteria for uation are. The ability of an agrarian society emphasized physical ability, and in industrial society, human skilled skills were valued. If so, the standard of uation of the information society will be changed anew. The assessment of an individual's ability is the standard, depending on the ability of the human brain to combine computers.

Meaning of informatization?

Informatization is all efforts to change the social structure or system of industrial society, and society as a whole, to suit the logic and operation of the information society, and many changes occur due to this informatization. The population structure and occupational structure will change to the onggi structure according to the information society. Information infrastructure is the best in the world. However, it should be able to fill it with good content.

In the era of the fourth industrial revolution, artificial intelligence is likely to replace it in many areas of fear and hope society that is approaching with artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence is likely to be used in many fields, such as the field of legal consulting. The era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution indeed starts with industrial society. But the way is different. What kind of Spatio-temporal change will the digital-based fourth industry bring?

It will come to New Nomads' Life, which has been somewhat removed from the time-space constraints. spatially, satellites and GIS statistics will be fused to bring about new Spatio-temporal changes. While not all of these changes can be accumulated in knowledge, we need to know the knowledge that penetrates this knowledge. You have to understand the logic that penetrates right away. The future will change to a society ‘‘‘where‘‘‘ the level of technology and the will of humans are aligned, and in the case of the economy, it will eventually change to a subscription economy. In the case of the economy of subscription, it will be an economy that uses and returns the goods when necessary. There is also a need to think about whether free democracy works.

We will have to think about how the current society should adapt to the future society, and we will also have to think about artificial intelligence, a key technology for future social change.

3주차(2)

Summary

Just as trends in society change quickly, society changes quickly. As information changes accordingly, it is important to be able to grasp it. In other words, it is important to understand the characteristics of information well. The use of information does not disappear and increases its value. It can be reproduced at a low price and creates value as it accumulates. Information is not consumed just by distributing it. It can be used continuously without deteriorating as it is used. The information must be produced quickly, with its value decreasing over time. Information is not distinguished between producers and consumers. It is also important for other consumers to be able to utilize such information, not alone, and human-machine systems that converge humans and machines emerge depending on future developments.

Full Content

Society changes rapidly. Previously, the study trend was a reading room, but the current study trend is that study cafe are the current trend. As such changes continue to occur, it is important to understand them. As such, the ability to grasp information is important. That is, the nature of information should be well understood. The information has its value in the sense that it affects the decision-making process and affects every value judgment and administration that a real human being does. This information is very important and understanding it is most important.

1. Information does not disappear by using it. Products so far are consumed when used, and the more information is used, the more valuable it is.

2. Information can be copied. Information can be reproduced at a low price. If the production of products from industrial societies, such as books and CDs, is added, the same cost is added, but information can be reproduced indefinitely depending on how it is delivered. This created a new concept of digital economics without marginal production costs.

3. The cumulative effect of information, as in a database, increases its value and utility as it accumulates.

4 Information resources have the characteristics of visuality that is not consumed by distribution, rather increase in value as new users emerge. differ from a thing These characteristics make the Internet more valuable and have a lot of information. The information should be transformed into an environment in which it can be used effectively. The industrial society remains the same.

5. Information does not depreciate or deteriorate. The information created can be used continuously without depreciation or deterioration no matter how much you use it.

6. Information has a dimension of time. Information should be constantly updated to reduce its value over time. Therefore, it is very important that information is produced quickly and that good information is produced poorly. These characteristics are one of the important factors that enable the information society to constantly change and develop.

7. The distinction between producers and consumers is ambiguous and acts as both producers and consumers. It has the form of sharing information.

Information varies from medium to medium, unlike general merchandise. Also, the characteristics of information can be defined in a wide variety of ways, but these characteristics can cause several problems. Information piracy ownership problems can create problems of information inequality.

The quality of information depends on the user's knowledge, motivation, and ability to utilize it, unlike other general products. Humans have one brain, but they change as they use various artificial brains. Cars are designed to complement the legs, but computers are designed to complement the human brain, so they make a lot of differences depending on their ability to use them.

The key here is to share information and utilize it with each other. The key is to make the platform build and utilize, and to limit time and space so that virtually different consumers can overcome it.

4주차(1)

Summary

As society changes in many directions, many people are paying attention to change. But the most important thing is to pay attention to your changes. Also, it is necessary to know how to align and cooperate with the information society and how to converge. In modern society, information is progressed and information is recognized as an important measure in many countries. In the past, efforts and investments have been made in period projects for national development, but in modern times, efforts have been made to build information infrastructure. In the case of South Korea, such information infrastructure can be said to be a leading country in the world, but it is showing insufficient parts in the digital content field. This information technology is expanding the professional workforce of information and communication, but a lack of manpower is expected. Therefore, a lot of attention should be paid to fostering information service and digital content through projects such as assigning professors exclusively for information.

Full Content

As society is changing in many directions, many people are concerned about it. But most importantly, one's change, not social and organizational change, should come first. So, is there a way to adapt to these changes? Until now, there have been many activities in society in the same format as running 100m. However, unless it is worth second place in line with the information society, it will have to find a new way. In other words, he should run in his direction with his characteristics and personality. Therefore, it is necessary to take a challenge We have to adapt and change according to the paradigm of studying together.

Cooperation and partnership are important. According to the intelligence community, the peerage or personal background academic background will not be important but will be determined by individual effort and ability. So what is the new field? There will be an era of convergence, just like a cell phone that combines phone, video, and computer functions. Here comes a question. Human beings are right to change. The question is, then, does a man develop? It should be training that collaborates with information, partnerships, and human socialization. Society needs to change, but one's change should come first.

The 21st century is entering a society in which information is in full swing. Major developed countries around the world recognize informatization as the most important measure for national development and are stepping up efforts to informatization. Since then, beyond the third revolution, the fourth revolution represented by the Internet of Things called the Digital Revolution has occurred. In the case of South Korea, it can be said that it is a leading country in building information infrastructure. It is not enough for the digital content business.

Informatization is being used as a tool to reorganize the national society. In the past, period projects have invested a lot of effort and time in building social infrastructure such as roads, ports, railways, airports, etc., but now they are making great efforts to build information networks, software education, information service education, and Wi-Fi. It is being carried out on a national level.

In the case of South Korea, fostering is necessary for the content business. To cope with the increase in demand due to the advancement of information and communication, it is expected that there will be a significant shortage of information and communication personnel centered on universities. The university should provide artificial intelligence and information service education exclusively for one professor.

4주차(2)

Summary

How will you change in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution? The concern should come first. Big data is important as crude oil in the fourth industrial era. Big data, which combines satellites, geographic information, and statistics, is a nation-based infrastructure that can fuse artificial intelligence into objects, analyze large amounts of data, and connect the results to the Internet to create an era ‘‘where‘‘ they can be used anytime, any‘‘where‘‘. All data currently being utilized is collected from space, including the air and ocean, but there is no countermeasure against the fusion of satellite, geographic information, and statistical data, which is the source of such data production. Big data production requires a connection between each data by entering coordinate values in satellite, geographic information, and statistical data, sharing them, and using unified structures. Big data can be used as a key resource to create various values depending on how it is used as a source of competitiveness in information society countries. Data is highly likely to be used as a core value, and handling data through mathematics or dealing with artificial intelligence in future society is a key way to gain competitiveness in future society.

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As mentioned a lot during the lecture, the concern about how you will change in the era of the fourth industrial revolution should always come first. In e-government, data is raw and circulating raw. Data in administration is becoming more important as scientific administration, objective administration, and evidence-based administration. The importance of studying is also high because math is one of the ways to handle such data. Big data is important as crude oil in the fourth industrial era. Big data, which combines satellites, geographic information, and statistics, is a nation-based infrastructure that can fuse artificial intelligence into objects, analyze large amounts of data, and connect the results to the Internet to create an era ‘‘where‘‘ they can be used anytime, any‘‘where‘‘.

All data currently being utilized is collected from places in the liver, including the air and oceans, but there is no countermeasure against the fusion of satellite, geographic information, and statistical data, which is the source of such data production. Big data production requires a connection between each data by entering coordinate values in satellite, geographic information, and statistical data, sharing them, and using unified structures. Big data can be used as a key resource to create various values depending on how it is used as a source of national competitiveness in a digital society. We also need to think about how to make this data. In the future, artificial intelligence will do a lot of work, and dealing with artificial intelligence is a key way to gain competitiveness in future society.

Listing the characteristics of big data can be distinguished by its vast scale, rapid speed, and various forms of data, value, and authenticity. It is also important to know these characteristics, but it is repeatedly stated that the ability to utilize them is important. Most analyses will change to objective analysis due to data, not intuition. It is also necessary to think about what to do if it is not captured by data.

5주차(1)

summary

As we welcome the information society, the importance of information is increasing. Therefore, it is important to analyze with information and make practical use of it. Instead of focusing only on the knowledge of textbooks, one should pay attention to securing practical skills. Knowledge can be said to be meaningfully organized and accumulated. You should have the ability to understand this knowledge and produce reasonable information for yourself. This knowledge can be divided into tacit knowledge, such as how to ride a bicycle, which is difficult to express and experience, and formal knowledge, which can be expressed in language or text. This knowledge comes from information, and information comes from data, and this knowledge goes through a cycle of wisdom. Is a democratic society desirable to know such wisdom? There is a need to consider that. Society is indeed changing more intelligently, but we don't know if it's changing drastically. In the case of wisdom, moral and social values can be said to be an inherent concept. Therefore, it is necessary to consider wisdom democracy, a collective intellectual activity that collects opinions and resolves public petitions or public opinion polls using information and communication technology based on basic democracy.

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It is important to analyze with information and make practical use of it. Instead of focusing only on the knowledge of textbooks, one should pay attention to securing practical skills.

Knowledge is acquired through experience and interaction with the human environment, the ability to act appropriately, the mental or brain's understanding of the situation, the creation or augmentation of the value of the organization and all stakeholders, a set of conceptual structures maintained human mind and head.

In other words, it can be said that information is a meaningfully organized accumulation. Then what is the information? Information is a collection of data used for a purpose. Then should we know all the definitions of this knowledge? No, what is important is to add the ability to produce reasonable information to yourself with this knowledge. This knowledge can be divided into implicit and explicit knowledge. Implicit knowledge is such knowledge that is difficult to express in language with knowledge such as a bicycle embedded in the subconscious mind and is inherent in the body through experience. Therefore, we need to embed knowledge in our bodies. Explicit knowledge is the knowledge that can be officially expressed, acquired through text or language, and stored.

Breaking information and knowledge into categories, information is obtained from refined and organized data when acquired facts are presented systematically in a given context, and knowledge is obtained from useful information as ideological and objective information gained through experience. Information obtained through statistical data is judged, and mathematical judgment occurs in this process. The cycle of obtaining information through data and gaining knowledge through information and wisdom through it wisdom is repeated. It is always repeated, but the ability to obtain and judge or utilize results through algorithms of artificial intelligence is needed for stomach pain data or statistical data. No matter how much you know a bicycle, you need the ability to use it, just as you can use it.

Is a democratic society desirable? There is a need to consider that. We should often think about why we are applying it if it is hard to apply it, and think about whether we are developing now. You should always ask yourself questions about the fund. It is right to change, but does it develop? Society is becoming more intelligent. So, is being intelligent changing drastically? Then, in the case of wisdom, moral and social values are embedded concepts. The development of e-government does not always mean that it is up to the task. Currently, it is difficult to say whether the actions of citizens in Europe or the United States of Covid-19 are appropriate. Wisdom democracy is a collective intellectual activity that collects opinions and resolves public petitions or public opinion polls on important matters and important matters based on democracy. You should think about becoming a wise person rather than knowledge.

Armed with bandit creativity, one should have the ability to handle artificial intelligence through computers to give society a direct direction.

5주차(2)

Summary

Recently, there has been a big change in the level of explosion due to Corona19. Many changes occur during this transition period, so it is important to find the logic that penetrates them. In the information society, e-government is an air-like entity that is very important to our world. The e-government is also a change in the form of a major explosion, and it is important to find the logic that penetrates the change because it has not gone through the same process as the existing development stage. The e-government is called various modifiers, but if you look at the logic that penetrates them, you will eventually apply information and communication technology to the government base. However, finding and understanding this logic is also important, but how to utilize it is also important. In practice, the practical ability to design and deliver the tasks of these administrations is important. In fact, as a person who combines information and communication technology and administration, he/she should take a direction and develop his/her capabilities as a mind that has his/her information platform. It is also important to be technologically capable in this world. There should be a world ‘where‘ you don't have to get a copy of your resident registration. It will transform into a technology-driven society. However, it is humans that lead these technologies, and humans and technologies must converge.

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The process of change in society does not occur in order but does not occur in logical or rational procedures due to Corona 19, but rather in the form of a major explosion. It can be said that the change in the Covid-19 period is a major change. Therefore, it is important to know what is the important logic that penetrates these changes.

The e-government in the present world is like air, and ICT and the Internet have just occurred, but this innovation is a very important factor in our world. In real society, it is important to find the logic that penetrates change in this e-government because it has not gone through the same procedure as the existing development stage as a change in the form of a major explosion. There are many similar diverse terms, such as e-government and digital government, but the penetrating logic in that term is to fuse information and communication technology with the government base.

The e-government can see concepts based on national strategic priorities, situational awareness, and the times. E-government is no longer an option, and eventually, it will all happen digitally. If the government agency initially used information communication to increase the efficiency of the administration, it is recently interested in improving the service to citizens. It can be said that information technology (Internet) is a government service that supports government operations and participates by citizens' participation. These electronic governments electronic their work by introducing information and communication technologies, increasing the efficiency of administrative work with institutions and the efficiency of the people's administrative work. This e-government has the goal of transparency, democracy, productivity, and efficiency in administration.

In practice, the practical ability to design and deliver the tasks of these administrations is important. In fact, as a person who combines information and communication technology and administration, he/she should take a direction. They also need to develop their capabilities as a mind that has its information platform. They should have the ability to logically interpret these concepts of e-government. We have to think about how countries such as Japan, the United States, and South Korea respond to the Korona 19. Also, the government's press release can be found that it will move beyond the system-oriented electronic government to a service-oriented digital government.

The convergence of satellite, geographic information, and statistical data should understand such key logic as to be analyzed with artificial intelligence and connected to the Internet. It is also important to be technologically capable in this world. There should be a world ‘where‘ you don't have to get a copy of your resident registration. It transforms into a technology-driven society. However, it is humans that lead these technologies, and humans and technologies must converge.

6주차(1)

Summary

Human beings have a language that can create an intangible world and a hand that can typify it. Information and communication technology has changed the global business environment and how it communicates. In particular, the preferred method of communication is to use the Internet and web pages. The Internet has changed into a world ‘‘where‘ people choose information about things and connect them to the Internet. This can be seen as innovative in terms of information transmission. There are three different types of e-government depending on the flow of information. Government-oriented e-government is a form in which the government unilaterally provides information to citizens. Interaction-type e-government is a level of government ‘‘where‘‘ the flow of information between citizens and governments is the same size. The citizen-oriented e-government is a form in which offline forms of participation are reduced, online forms of information are continuously provided, and civic participation activities are increasing. Other forms of e-government also exist. In the case of integrated electronic government, it refers to an electronic government in which citizen-led, government-led, and interactive electronic government operate integrally according to the characteristics of each work. As a technology-driven society, it will have a significant impact on the development process of e-government through Internet and web page technology.

full text

Human beings have a language that can create an intangible world and a hand that can typify it. Information and communication technology has changed the global business environment and how it communicates. In particular, the preferred method of communication is to use the Internet and web pages. The Internet has changed into a world ‘‘where‘‘ people choose information about things and connect them to the Internet. This can be seen as innovative in terms of information transmission. There are three different types of e-government depending on the flow of information.

Government-oriented e-government is a form in which the government unilaterally provides information to citizens. Interaction-type e-government is a level of government ‘‘where‘‘ the flow of information between citizens and governments is the same size. The citizen-oriented e-government is a form in which offline forms of participation are reduced, online forms of information are continuously provided, and civic participation activities are increasing. Other forms of e-government also exist. In the case of integrated electronic government, it refers to an electronic government in which citizen-led, government-led, and interactive electronic government operate integrally according to the characteristics of each work. Now, as a technology-driven society changes, Internet and webpage technology will have a significant impact on the development of e-government.

Also, depending on the type of implementation of e-government, e-banking, electronic operation, and electronic governance can be divided into explanations. In the case of e-banking, information technology is used to change the way government services are delivered to the public. In the case of electronic operation, the government is an intelligent form of government operation that connects internal parts of the government to make the work more efficient. In the case of electronic governance, the government's work in the relationship between administrative services and organizations is a form of cooperative operation. Also, the electronic government can be divided into ideologies and divided into equity, productivity, democracy, and reflection. As a result, productivity can be achieved efficiently through artificial intelligence.

From a global governance perspective, there is a need to think about what types of new e-government are. Various internal decisions of the e-government are linked to citizen-led, government-led, and interactive governments through the web page. Data is crude oil in the fourth industry, and all decisions in the information society are critical as they are considered through the data. Previously, crude oil existed as a depleting resource, but future society resources could exist indefinitely as the sun and talk about the extremely new sun. In the United Nations e-government development index, South Korea ranks second.

6주차(2)

Summary

According to data from the Korea Intelligence Information Society Agency, today's government aims to provide citizen-centered services and promote participation through information sharing. Furthermore, the electronic government in the future is expected to move to a fast, intelligent government of 3,0. These governments have gone through three developments, which allow today's governments to operate mash-up services that integrate various services. Mash-ups help public and human companies reuse a variety of public information, including weather transportation and geographical information. Therefore, these services are expected to improve cooperation between ministries and public institutions, improve standards, and create new businesses and industries. Also, citizens and businesses can create a variety of values, just as they create new values by combining geographic information and weather forecasts. Citizens can conveniently use government services through portals of various institutions, not one government portal. For example, entering a bank and paying taxes and paying taxes on tax offices and bank accounts, or changing other departments with one change, or providing a variety of integrated forms and services required by a start-up company by a government office. These various channels are becoming more diverse. Blogs and wiki can also strengthen the participation of citizens and public officials. Now is the time when readers make this information, not the time when publishers provide it

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According to data from the Korea Intelligence Information Society Agency, today's government aims to provide citizen-centered services and promote participation through information sharing. Future e-government is expected to go to government 3.0 with fast and intelligent semantic web technology. This process of government development can be divided into three.

1995 Worldwide Web Government 1.0 is a government-focused service, one-way, time-limited, supply-based, uniform service

2005 Web 2.0 Technology Government 2.0 is based on citizen-centered interaction mobile services public-private collaboration

2015 Real Wild Web Government 3.0 creates information service portals for individuals, provides customized intelligent services, and provides intelligent services that are readily available anytime, any‘where‘

This developmental process of government can lead to the integrated operation of various services. Such an integrated organization can be operated by local governments that integrate maps from other organizations, such as Google and Yahoo, and by the National Tax Service, which combines traffic management and accident monitoring. Mash-ups help public and human companies reuse a variety of public information, including weather transportation and geographical information. Therefore, these services are expected to improve cooperation between ministries and public institutions, improve standards, and create new businesses and industries. Also, citizens and businesses can create a variety of values, just as they create new values by combining geographic information and weather forecasts.

Citizens can conveniently use government services through portals of various institutions, not one government portal. For example, entering a bank and paying taxes and paying taxes on tax offices and bank accounts, or changing other departments with one change, or providing a variety of integrated forms and services required by a start-up company by a government office. These various channels are becoming more diverse. Blogs and wiki can also strengthen the participation of citizens and public officials. Now is the time when readers make this information, not the time when publishers provide it.

7주차(1)

summary

South Korea has undergone many changes since the war. South Korea has undergone many changes before the war. Now, as the leading country in the quarantine of Covid-19, it has increased significantly in many areas, such as the increase in gross national income, smartphone usage, and the spread of PCs and the Internet. Information and communication technology is being used as a driving force for Korea's growth. Also, e-government services using information and communication technologies such as Civil Petitions 24 and Home Tax were generated. So far, various companies have changed into information and communication technology companies and the construction of information infrastructure has been carried out as the online transaction structure has increased. However, even with this increase in infrastructure, the way the government operates has not changed. Through information and communication technology, the government should pursue changes in the culture and the way public officials operate. The absence of information sharing among government departments makes it difficult to integrate online services. Therefore, services tailored to citizens should be provided. As the government has gradually developed, it has gradually become open, active, and willing to participate and changed to mobile Internet and smartphones. This can be referred to as stomach pain. Various requirements are required for the development of this e-government, and first, prior disclosure of public services is required. Second, we should open a public database to support our business and create jobs. Third, silos should be eliminated through information sharing between organizations. Fourth, it is necessary to develop a collaboration model between miniatures and to establish a digital collaboration system.

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Now that society is in the process of many changes, it should understand the logic that penetrates the core of change rather than looking for these changes one by one.

South Korea has undergone many changes before the war. Now, as the leading country in the quarantine of Covid-19, it has increased significantly in many areas, such as the increase in gross national income, smartphone usage, and the spread of PCs and the Internet. However, Koreans feel unhappy regardless of the increase in these areas. It is the same story as the rate of auto penetration is high, but the rate of suicide per person is also high. This may be due to competitive psychology in education. Information and communication technology is being used as a driving force for Korea's growth. It has changed from consumer electronics companies such as Samsung, LG, and Naver to companies specializing in information and communication. Also, the online transaction structure has increased significantly due to Corona19.

Also, e-government services using information and communication technologies such as Civil Petitions 24 and Home Tax were generated. However, even with this increase in infrastructure, the way the government operates has not changed. Through information and communication technology, the government should pursue changes in the culture and the way public officials operate. The absence of information sharing among government departments makes it difficult to integrate online services. Therefore, services tailored to citizens should be provided. As such, there are various essential elements in government 3.0 such as citizen-centered government innovation, applying core values to all areas and spreading, customized services for citizens, job creation, and support for the creative economy.

As a change in society, the social structure will have to be changed accordingly to the change in the shape of the clock. As the government has gradually developed, it has gradually become open, active, and willing to participate and changed to mobile Internet and smartphones. This can be referred to as stomach pain.

Public services need to be made public in advance. It is important not only to disclose information on demand but also to satisfy citizens' right to know and to disclose the original text in a unified manner. They should also open public databases to support their businesses and help create jobs. It will also be necessary to eliminate silos through information sharing between organizations, develop collaboration models between miniatures, enabling collaboration between government departments, and establishing digital collaboration systems

It is necessary to transform cloud and big data in the e-government, establish a national future strategy center and disclose outstanding cases of public services. Unlike previous e-government, active information disclosure, collaboration, and cooperation of government departments will have to change significantly in future e-government. To this end, the president's vision and leadership, e-government infrastructure, solid legal system, public-private cooperation, and consensus with the government are important.

7주차(2)

This class was prepared before the midterm exam, and there was a guide to the test site, time, and tasks.

Location: See text messages because of classification.

Time: Tuesday at 9 a.m.

8주차(중간고사)

9주차(1)

Summary

The present era is a technology-driven society with a direction in which technology leads to social change. Society can appear in a variety of ways, but it is difficult to say exactly. Information and communication technology has changed business methods and communication environments. The leading methods of dual communication are the Internet and the World Wide Web. Information and communication technology is improving the efficiency and effectiveness of government operations, securing transparency in the process, and creating fundamental changes in the relationship of various stakeholders. E-government can be defined in a broad sense as a web-based government that uses resources more effectively and efficiently for citizens, businesses, and governments that utilize information technology. This changes government and activities and seeks to leverage web-based technology to provide better service to citizens. The biggest feature of e-government is that various activities are implemented through the Internet or websites

In the development of e-government, the government and citizens interact through the e-government web, and in addition to the web, various interactions occur, such as various offline activities. Increasingly, as e-government develops, offline services will decrease, online services will increase, and eventually, e-government will change into a form in which government services can be provided anytime, any‘where‘ through the wireless high-speed Internet. Just as banking has decreased through internet banking, this will change in the government sector as well. Generating information will be important because human ability levels are determined through brain and computer literacy.

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The current era is a technology-driven society with technology leading the way for social change. Society can manifest itself in a variety of ways, but it's hard to say exactly that. Information and communication technology has changed business methods and communication environments.

People around the world are changing the way they communicate with each other through information and communication technology. The leading methods of communication are the Internet and the World Wide Web. The development of web-based technology can be called a revolution. Information and communication technology is improving the efficiency and effectiveness of government operations, securing transparency in the process, and creating fundamental changes in the relationship of various stakeholders. E-government can be defined in a broad sense as a web-based government that uses resources more effectively and efficiently for citizens, businesses, and governments that utilize information technology. This changes government and activities and seeks to leverage web-based technology to provide better service to citizens.

The biggest feature of e-government is that various activities are implemented through the Internet or websites. The Internet is the most important method of these activities. The government and citizens interact through the e-government web, and various interactions occur on the web, such as various offline activities. Furthermore, the e-government web between the government and citizens will be larger, various information can be obtained from the government in Citizen, and offline activities will gradually decrease. E-government can be differentiated according to the range and direction of communication. Finally, e-government will change to a form ‘where‘ government services can be provided anytime, any‘where‘ via wireless high-speed Internet. Just as non-face-to-face classes have increased due to the current Covid-19, or banking has decreased through Internet banks, this will change in the government sector as well. Generating information will be important because human ability levels are determined through brain and computer literacy.

9주차(2)

summary

Advances in information and communication technology have changed society as a whole. The government has also changed due to this effect. With the advent of e-government, society has made new changes. Among them, ubiquitous e-government has led to an era of access to government services on any device, any‘where‘, anytime. This ubiquitous e-government ushered in the era of the New Nomads. However, for such ubiquitous e-government to be implemented, the establishment of virtual space must precede. Among them, the establishment of a national geographic information system is the most urgent. Geographic information systems are limited to geographic information, and statistical information is not fused, so there is a limit to their use.

The concept of ubiquitous can be seen as a fusion of virtual space and real space. If these ubiquitous are introduced in real life, they will aggregate information from home and automatically connect to the medical system, or represent new directions, such as connecting cars and homes. It will also transform satellite systems and geographic information and statistical systems into new societies that are analyzed by artificial intelligence. For these diverse technologies to converge, they must understand the logic that penetrates them. Considering the previous example, it is easier to fuse all of this information by setting and integrating coordinate values. Therefore, it is clear that this ability will be necessary for the fourth industrial age.

Ubiquitous e-government is an extension of the e-government development process and requires the convergence of statistics and artificial intelligence with existing geographic information systems. Therefore, this convergence of satellites, geography, and statistics must be smooth to implement ubiquitous e-government.

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Advances in information and communication technology have changed society as a whole. The government has also changed due to this effect. With the advent of e-government, society has made new changes. Especially with the advent of e-government, many changes were made. Among them, ubiquitous e-government has led to an era of access to government services on any device, any‘where‘, anytime. This ubiquitous e-government ushered in the era of the New Nomads. However, for such ubiquitous e-government to be implemented, the establishment of virtual space must precede. Among them, the establishment of a national geographic information system is the most urgent. Geographic information systems are limited to geographic information. Because statistical information is not fused, there is a limit to its use.

The concept of ubiquitous can be seen as a fusion of virtual space and real space. If these ubiquitous are introduced in real life, they will aggregate information from home and automatically connect to the medical system, or represent new directions, such as connecting cars and homes. It will also transform satellite systems and geographic information and statistical systems into new societies that are analyzed by artificial intelligence. For these diverse technologies to converge, they must understand the logic that penetrates them. Considering the previous example, it is easier to fuse all of this information by setting and integrating coordinate values. Therefore, it is clear that this ability will be necessary for the fourth industrial age.

In the case of the existing environmental policy monitoring system, the data in the database are fused and displayed in the geographic information system to display the figures of various results in the location information. Now is the time when we can simulate all the previous work with these analysis results. The ability to deal with these things is necessary in many areas in future times, so these should be prepared.

This change is a change that will fundamentally change the overall system of society in the future and must be adapted to it. This is why we need to learn the main skills of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and adapt to these changes in society.

This ubiquitous e-government will have a lot of impact on our society. That is why it should be possible to analyze these effects and make them profitable. This ubiquitous electronic government will be able to train a variety of human resources because it is implemented through the convergence of various technologies. Therefore, we must have the ability to change and utilize the society that will change in the future. Experts in each field need to form a team to train these people comprehensively. Furthermore, education or research can be activated to fuse with existing studies and training to represent new values. It is also likely to increase the efficiency of administration in the state and local governments. It will also contribute to the standardization and integration of national informatization. Although it is not currently converged, it can be standardized and made available at any time and used as ubiquitous e-government.

Ubiquitous e-government is an extension of the e-government development process and requires the convergence of statistics and artificial intelligence with existing geographic information systems. Therefore, this convergence of satellites, geography, and statistics must be smooth to implement ubiquitous e-government.

10주차(1)

Summary

Various changes in society occurred due to the development of information and communication technology. As a result, citizens are required to diversify and complicate services in the public sector. Against this backdrop, the ubiquitous government is the one that can solve this. In the case of a ubiquitous government, it can provide citizens with necessary public services without restrictions on time-space. The characteristics of Ubiquitous can be summarized as follows: it is connected to all digital devices, materials, and people, and ubiquitous computing is built into real life and things, and users also provide citizens with a calm and customized environment and administrative service. This direction for ubiquitous governments requires building a ubiquitous computing environment and connecting with citizens from the perspective of digital device networks and underlying databases, providing customized services in real-time based and neocomadic environments, supporting ubiquitous business services, and supporting these market mechanisms. However, there are prior tasks that need to be solved: the establishment of a ubiquitous administrative space built by the integration of real and virtual space, the integration of local statistics with a ubiquitous infrastructure, and the participation of autonomous government activities. The existing e-government seeks to provide better administrative services to citizens with the concept of government in which citizens, businesses, and governments utilize information and communication technology more effectively and efficiently. Then we need to think about the direction in line with changes such as this ubiquitous e-government. It is important to consider effectiveness and efficiency, but we must go beyond this knowledge to wisdom armed with morality and consideration.

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The development of information and communication technology has led to structural changes in many aspects of society and led to calls for diversification and complexity of civil administrative services in the public sector. Against this backdrop, it is the ubiquitous government that can solve this. In the case of a ubiquitous government, it can provide citizens with necessary public services without restrictions on time-space. An electronic government is a government in which citizens, businesses, and governments utilize information and communication technologies more effectively and efficiently. This e-government seeks to provide better administrative services to citizens. Then we need to think about the direction in line with changes such as e-government. It is important to consider effectiveness and efficiency, but we must go beyond this knowledge to wisdom armed with morality and consideration.

This process of e-government development can be divided into innovation in public services, innovation in government work, innovation in the structure of government, and civic participation. The evolutionary processes in the computing environment that make up this e-government have evolved in the order of electronics, online, integration, and ubiquitous. In such ubiquitous computing, a mixture of the physical and electronic worlds is an environment in which various technologies and social and economic elements are fused into invisible computer-generated technologies, regardless of time and space. Such digital convergence requires the integration of audio data videos in three categories, such as information device networks, computer telephone home devices, and broadcast communication Internet.

This ubiquitous e-government is a government based on a ubiquitous computing environment and broadband network. The current ubiquitous e-government is currently in the development stage of e-government, but it is distinguished from the existing e-government in terms of convergence between reality and the virtual world. Such ubiquitous e-government can provide intelligent work processes and customized public services and provide more efficient and transparent rational public services. This ubiquitous society will serve as the basis for creating a knowledge-based society as a new nomadic society, unlike the existing nomads.

This ubiquitous e-government is expected to ease spatial restrictions through network convergence, digital device convergence, and public service convergence through various mobile spaces and control the efficiency of the business workspace and customized service spaces and devices by citizens. These ubiquitous governments ultimately provide customized services to citizens at any time, and many local governments have tried to build ubiquitous governments to do so. However, there is a prior task to be solved, and the establishment of a ubiquitous administrative space, which is built by integrating real and virtual space, is the integration of local statistics databases and ubiquitous infrastructure.

There are various applications of ubiquitous e-government. Basically, as an application of information technology, wireless mobile networks can receive information regardless of location, thereby making accessibility significantly always available. By embedding recognizable sensors and tack, management can be maintained through remote control in various facilities. In addition, when converging digital devices and databases, the convergence of ubiquitous e-government's main environmental network devices business organizations integrates computer networks such as the Internet and provides seamless administrative services without limitation of location. It also requires the integration of reference databases, such as geographic information systems and statistical databases. In addition, for convergence of public and custom services, we will provide solutions to various problems arising from existing ubiquitous services. There is also a need for a revision of the digital convergence system.

The characteristics of Ubiquitous can be summarized as follows: it is connected to all digital devices, materials, and people, and ubiquitous computing is built into real life and things, and users also provide citizens with a calm and customized environment and administrative service. This direction for ubiquitous governments requires building a ubiquitous computing environment and connecting with citizens from the perspective of digital device networks and underlying databases, providing customized services in real-time based and neocomadic environments, supporting ubiquitous business services, and supporting these market mechanisms.

10주차(2)

Summary

Currently, many parts of our society have changed due to the development of various information and communication technologies. In addition, the current situation is to lead society beyond making changes in these technologies. In this sense, it is very important to understand technology. However, we must be able to use these technologies beyond understanding them. However, this part of current education is indeed inadequate. Therefore, an educational new deal is needed to expand education such as technology education and computer literacy. In the existing Digital New Deal Green New Deal, a new tripod should be created that combines educational New Deal. We need to know the technology that is currently a big issue in society because we mentioned earlier that we understand these technologies. Among these technologies, Web 3.0, Consensus Technology, Clouding Computing Technology, which means personalization intelligence, is an intelligent platform for controlling physical and logical space, providing more customized information than Web 2.0. In the case of clouding computing technology, it is a technology that creates an environment ‘where‘ you can work on documents you want with any device anytime, any‘where‘ when you have access to the Internet. Convergence technology is a technology in which similar types of services are transmitted by different networks or by different types of devices. With the development of information and communication technology, the government is also changing in the form of user-centered public information, public information of public private-public cooperation, and public information with maximum accessibility. Among them, in the case of public information service of public-private national cooperation, it refers to creativity education and is one of the important challenges facing our society in the future. This process of change in the system of government changes from existing industrial social information to information social government and subsequently to smart social government. The current number of jobs is increasing and the number of jobs is decreasing. In this direction, we should have these top creative jobs. The mismatch between the population structure and the job structure will lead to a decrease in the middle management class, so we should prepare for this in advance and create new values.

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Since the technology of information and communication is driving social change, we must have the ability to understand and utilize these technologies. However, in current education, education of these technologies and computer literacy is insignificant.

Clouding computing, advanced analysis technologies, client computing, green information technology, data center reconstruction, social computing, security and task surveillance, flash memory, virtualization for availability, and the 10 strategic technologies that led the information and communication society. In addition, Web 3.0, an intelligent web that means personalization intelligence, as a platform for controlling and managing physical and logical spaces, has also emerged due to the development of information and communication technology. Web 3.0 is a technology that provides more customized information than Web 2.0, which has an interactive meaning. Other technologies include cloud computing technology, which creates an environment ‘‘where‘‘ you can work with any device anytime, any‘‘where‘‘, or different networks send similar services, or convergence technology, which is a new service.

The government has also changed due to the development of information and communication technologies, and the government's changes due to this informatization are divided into three categories. First, user-centered public information is currently used by governments as cyber committees, cyber organization activation, open government websites, joint information services, online public discussion and policy real-name systems, personnel management.

In the second case, public informationization of public-private partnerships is important not only for the utility of the technology but also for how quickly and accurately it can be supported. Creativity education is important. In the existing Digital New Deal Green New Deal, a new tripod should be created that combines educational New Deal. In the third case of public information with maximum accessibility, the government aims to provide equal access to information and affordable universal services in the future.

This process of change in the system of government changes from existing industrial social information to information social government and subsequently to smart social government. In industrial and social governments, the government is based on Web 1.0 in the form of systems government, and information and social governments are based on Web 2.0 in the form of sperm government. The smart social government will develop based on Web 3.0 in the form of a smart government. In particular, the smart social government will provide individual government service portals and have the slogan Mygov.

With the development of information and communication technology, the government continued to change, and the concept of platform-type government emerged. Likely, the existing services that provide information in each field will later change to provide customized services on one portal.

These platform-type governments can attempt to link between subjects and enhance their ability to create interconnection functions and create value-added functions. These governments are cooperative, intelligent. It can be distinguished by transparency, but it is not that distinguished. In the case of cooperation, the government focuses on cooperation between the government and the private sector and establishes a mechanism for repeating virtuous co-evolution in a way accumulated through mutual sharing and distribution.

In the case of intelligence, administration to accommodate public needs focused on strengthening services, strengthening services to accommodate public needs, and accepting active diversity and liver functions are characterized by simultaneous access to platform providers.

In the case of transparency, it focuses on factors of communication participation trust and has characteristics such as diversification of the way trust users increase their participation in the participation process.

In Korea, the comprehensive plan to promote the use of public information in the private sector is planned for the current status of the promotion and utilization of such platform-type governments. It also operates a public information utilization support center and a national knowledge portal.

The current number of jobs is increasing and the number of jobs is decreasing. In this direction, we should have these top creative jobs. The mismatch between the population structure and the job structure will lead to a decrease in the middle management class, so we should prepare for this in advance and create new values.

11주차(1)

Summary

In the case of E-governance, e stands for electronic and refers to technology. In the case of governance, it can also be said that it means technological and social systems, respectively, as political and social factors. Therefore, the ability to utilize technology in line with this technology-driven society is important.

Due to the development of information and communication technology, information delivery in cyberspace has overcome time and space constraints. Thus, the concept of governance in electronic technology created E-governance, a way of governance in which the government and citizens participated horizontally in a virtual gossan, in which various institutional actors participated in state affairs together.

As for the background of this E-governance, the work of government has also changed with information technology, technically digitizing government work and thus achieving efficiency, promoting transparency and citizens' participation in government services. It is also used as a tool for providing government services that provide the same information to individual members of society via email or webmail.

In addition, ideological aspects, the emergence of neo-liberalism and new public management, increased opportunities for citizens to participate, overcoming the limitations of existing representative democracy, has led to the emergence of E-governance.

Both governance and e-governance focus on increasing the input of non-governmental elements into the policy-making process through the activation of communication with the community. By introducing different opinions due to the increase in non-governmental factors, the possibility of development as a wise democracy receiving diverse knowledge may be expressed.

Understanding these concepts is important but requires the ability to utilize them technically. Similarly, however, there should also be such an ability to use these concepts as one's logic.

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It is called electronic governance that various actors, such as national citizen NGOs with different characteristics, form a network in the Internet space to build a multi-dimensional world while maintaining horizontal relationships with each other. In the case of cyberspace, real-time sharing is possible through the smooth flow and control of multimedia information, which can be said to be a reproduction of actions taken in real space. If the existing definition of governance is a form in which several actors participate in a decentralized and horizontal way, electronic governance is based on information and communication technology.

In the case of E-governance, e stands for electronic and refers to technology. In the case of governance, it can also be said that it means technological and social systems, respectively, as political and social factors. Therefore, the ability to utilize technology in line with this technology-driven society is important.

Due to the development of information and communication technology, information delivery in cyberspace has overcome time and space constraints. Thus, the concept of governance in electronic technology created E-governance, a way of governance in which the government and citizens participated horizontally in a virtual gossan, in which various institutional actors participated in state affairs together.

Many changes have been made to society due to the impact of information technology, such as the rapidity of information and communication technology, the possibility of interactive communication, the institutionalization of information disclosure, and the securing of participatory mechanisms at low cost.

As for the background of this E-governance, the work of government has also changed with information technology, technically digitizing government work and thus achieving efficiency, promoting transparency and citizens' participation in government services. It is also used as a tool for providing government services that provide the same information to individual members of society via email or webmail.

In addition, ideological aspects, the emergence of neo-liberalism and new public management, increased opportunities for citizens to participate, overcoming the limitations of existing representative democracy, has led to the emergence of E-governance.

The characteristic of e-governance is that existing governance and e-governance can be mixed. It is in the same vein that face-to-face services are available and online services are available.

Both governance and e-governance focus on increasing the input of non-governmental elements into the policy-making process through the activation of communication with the community. By introducing different opinions due to the increase in non-governmental factors, the possibility of development as a wise democracy receiving diverse knowledge may be expressed.

These e-governance election principles also have to be institutional, as opposed to existing election principles. Also, access to smart terminals and education should be done without discrimination against voters. There is also a need to come up with technical measures in concepts such as secret elections.

Economically, in line with the election of e-governance, rapid voting will save waste factors such as time and money. In terms of political and social aspects, activation of voter turnout will be possible depending on convenient use and excellent accessibility, and it can reduce invalid votes by reducing mistakes in voting methods. It can also create changes in the decision-making process as citizens vote directly. This is a concept in the same context as Wisdom Democracy with collective knowledge that overcomes the disadvantages of existing democracies.

If the OECD identifies the types of citizen participation, it can be divided into eight levels. It can be divided from the existing stage of nonparticipation to the stage of formal nominal participation, and later into the stage of civil power in which citizens have direct power.

Understanding these concepts is important but requires the ability to utilize them technically. Similarly, however, there should also be such an ability to use these concepts as one's logic.

11주차(2)

Summary

The efficiency and democracy of effective e-governance are some of the conditions for e-government implementation. In a technology-driven society, technology is an important factor and there is a need to understand the knowledge of technology. Therefore, we also need to understand the nature of information and communication technology. The attributes of information and communication technology consist of speed, accuracy, interactive sharing, and ease of access. Neoliberal reform is a concept related to e-government that has reemerged in modern society with the introduction of private sector management methods and reforms to decentralized organizations and quantified performance assessments, affecting the speed and accuracy of information technology. In other bilateral sharing, citizens' voluntary participation, participation in the lower classes of the organization, the pursuit of practical pledges, and administration beyond time and space are aimed at providing universal services with equal access to information. The relationship between civil society and government has changed from confrontation and support to cooperation. The need for civil society and governance is not seen as a decline of the state but as a restructuring or transformation of the state. If governance is still the most important political actor in governance and governance is an alternative form of governance, the problem of responsible entities can arise. Governance of government and civil society is state-centered governance, and government and governance are complementary concepts, not contradictory concepts. In the process of policy formation, there is a problem of securing procedural rationality. Representative democracy has reached its limit in both legitimacy and efficiency, and participatory democracy has emerged as an alternative. We should also consider the Wisdom Democrush by collective intelligence beyond conventional democracy. To enable governance, two conditions must be met: social capital and public debate. Social capital is an intangible asset that increases production activity, a normative trust network that facilitates mutual interest coordination and cooperation. However, Internet governance in electronic governance can undermine social capital essential to economic and social development if it loses credibility due to misappropriation of responsibility, hacking, and cyber-terrorism. To prepare for chi, a sense of sharing the community mission and norms of continuing to protect and develop the public forum for communication and exchange is required. It is norms and ethics that are the vision of a technology-driven society.

Full text

The efficiency and democracy of effective e-governance are some of the conditions for e-government implementation. In a technology-driven society, technology is an important factor and there is a need to understand the knowledge of technology. Therefore, we also need to understand the nature of information and communication technology. The attributes of information and communication technology consist of speed, accuracy, interactive sharing, and ease of access. Speed is the ability to compute large amounts of information without errors inaccuracy, as physical movement and assembly become unnecessary, resulting in reduced opportunity costs. Interactive sharing is about simultaneous two-way communication between government and citizens or between individuals and individuals who receive the desired service by not visiting directly or only visiting once. Ease of access is the ability to facilitate the activation of exchange of views and access to common information needed to perform tasks.

Neoliberal reform is a concept related to e-government that has emerged again in modern society as a result of introducing private sector management methods and reforming decentralized organizations and quantified performance uations. These neoliberal reforms have affected areas such as electronic governance, efficient access to information, and governance using systems and information and communication technology that can be communicated without errors.

In terms of interactive sharing, the government implements bilateral sharing through the cyber committee, cyber organization activation, personnel management DB, online public discussion, and policy real-name system. For ease of access, we aim to provide universal services with equal access to information. In addition, the government seeks individual creativity and knowledge as applicants for corporate and civic activities through deregulated models.

The relationship between civil society and government has changed from confrontation and support to cooperation. The need for civil society and governance is not seen as a decline of the state but as a restructuring or transformation of the state. If governance is still the most important political actor in governance and governance is an alternative form of governance, the problem of responsible entities can arise. Governance of government and civil society is state-centered governance, and government and governance are complementary concepts, not contradictory concepts.

In the process of policy formation, there is a problem of securing procedural rationality. Representative democracy has reached its limit in both legitimacy and efficiency, and participatory democracy has emerged as an alternative. We should also consider the Wisdom Democrush by collective intelligence beyond conventional democracy. In a civic participatory society, political functions such as checks and criticism participate and can be represented by the political confrontational nature, the weakening of policy collection capabilities, and the reduction of policy efficiency. In representative democratic governments, they want to participate only to the extent that they do not meet their capabilities and have a supportive personality with practicality.

Participation as a form of governance is what is newly required to enhance both the legitimacy and efficiency of policies and to form cooperative partnerships between the government and civil society. To enable governance, two conditions must be met: social capital and public debate.

Social capital is an intangible asset that increases production activity, a normative trust network that facilitates coordination and cooperation of mutual interests, and Putnam requires citizens to join social groups and participate voluntarily for such social capital to be formed. The nature of social organizations that will help to form social capital should be voluntary, horizontal, formal, and secondary relationships, and should be able to cope appropriately by relying on collective intelligence. There is a growing need to think about Wisdom Demo Crush, which listens to and analyzes various opinions and experts' opinions.

The formation of a forum is ‘‘‘where‘‘‘ citizens draw participation from those who participate in it as opinions are expressed and discussed in the public sphere, and the forum is an integrated communication body leading to social integration.

Internet governance of electronic governance has an ecological vulnerability and constraint: accountability-driven ambiguity involving many without proprietary ownership. If free rides on network dysfunction, such as hacking and cyber terrorism, or the forum for public debate on the Internet have frequently lost trust, it can undermine social capital essential for economic and social development. A sense of sharing the community mission and norms of continuing to protect and develop the forum for communication and exchange is required. It is norms and ethics that set the vision for a technology-driven society.

In addition, consistency and simplicity of interface design on the scope of privacy and informatization, and the design of windows of electronic governance are required, and a style that embraces the understanding and interest of various communities. Since the existing e-government laws alone have limitations, there is a need to enact higher laws of basic legal nature that cover legislative, judicial, and administrative affairs.

By the 2000s, along with the study of governance in administration, changes in electronic governance were underway that emphasized civic participation in the development stage of e-government. After Salomon's New Governance argument in the '90s, he attempted to discuss, model, and theorize governance, and by the mid-2000s, the study of electronic governance began. Recently, the government and civil society have been changing to interact with each other due to the development of information and communication technology. Electronic government is developing from government-centered to citizen-centered later to individual-centered government. It is evolving in the form of mobilization, networking, convergence and complexation, sharing, engagement, openness, and intelligence, and its role is changing in the direction of introduction and convergence of technologies in cloud computing.

The future development direction of e-government can be divided into five directions. The e-government promotion system should first be equipped with a promotion system that enables integrated management of the roles between ministries in implementing and providing e-government services. Second, we need to provide consumer-centered e-government services. Third, the development direction for e-government's acceptance of technological changes should expand the guarantee of service accessibility through the provision of various access channels. Fourth, the direction to revitalize the use of e-government should be continued to improve the service itself through the provision of e-government representative portals through a single point of contact and life-friendly information provision services. Fifth, for efficient financial investment, and informatization budget management frame shall be developed that can be efficiently utilized in the process of planning, organizing, and executing the informatization budget.

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Summary

The 4th Industrial Revolution creates a new society through the development and convergence of information and communication technology, and the 4th Industrial Revolution is exchanged as a national growth engine from the existing industrial revolution. At the heart of this Fourth Industrial Revolution is a new technological innovation in six areas. This Fourth Industrial Revolution is considered a key factor in the success of Korea's New Deal.

Big data is data that can be collected, stored, analyzed, and utilized, featuring vast amounts, diverse types, and fast data processing speed. In such big data, satellite, geographic, and statistical big data, which conventional satellite data, geographic data, and statistical data converge, are also one of these big data types. Existing Google Earth and navigation fall into a similar context. In the past, there was a lot of data, but unlike the era when a small number of data statistical analysis and people relied on it, computers or artificial intelligence have been able to analyze vast amounts of data and make predictions.

Through steady research in the past, artificial intelligence technology, which mimics human thinking, has recently developed through fusion with big data technology. It is also witnessing beyond human beings through augmented reality. In the future, the ability to produce and manage artificial intelligence is increasingly required, and the creation of future values for humans armed with morality and mathematics will be key.

Clouding is a technology that performs data storage to information processing using data and computer infrastructure gathered on servers on a network, not owned.

Blockchain refers to the technology to record and manage data recorded as participants' public rather than a central server, and in other words, it owns individual encrypted blocks and forms like networks to monopolize information. We need to think about how the current blockchain technology will change society.

Internet of Things (Internet of Things) is a technology that refers to a spatial network that connects things and things or people. Information and communication technology provides high value-added composite services related to objects by installing sensors and computers on objects to implement two-way communication between objects.

These Fourth Industrial Revolution created Government 3.0 for us. As a result, online administrative activities have created digitalization that affects offline people and opened existing processes to the public. The Fourth Industrial Revolution will create a decentralized tendency, not a central government-level one, and create smart cities like Dubai. In addition, convergence with various stakeholders will enable the development of an international convergence society.

Full Text

The fourth industrial revolution can be seen as a revolution that created a new society through the convergence of information and communication technology. As it is the fourth most important industrial revolution since the early industrial revolution, it is drawing keen attention as a national growth engine. At the heart of this Fourth Industrial Revolution are new technological innovations in six areas: big data, artificial intelligence, robotics, the Internet of Things, unmanned transportation, 3D printing, and nanotechnology. The reality is that recently, high-speed taxis between Busan and Seoul are escaping the spatial impact through the Internet. This Fourth Industrial Revolution is considered a key factor in the success of Korea's New Deal.

Big data is data that can be collected, stored, analyzed, and utilized, featuring vast amounts, diverse types, and fast data processing speed. In such big data, satellite, geographic, and statistical big data, which conventional satellite data, geographic data, and statistical data converge, are also one of these big data types. It will make it easier to utilize data provided by Google Earth, navigation, and Statistics Korea. In an era ‘‘where‘‘ there was a lot of data before, but a small number of data statistical analysis and people were dependent, computers or artificial intelligence could analyze a large amount of data and make predictions. Big data is expanding its accessibility to public data that is centralized in one place and its movement to open public data is expanding based on the development of companies' own data processing technology. This movement is mainly seen in Europe and the United States, and in Korea, guidelines are being established. A case in point in Korea is the Owl Bus, a late-night bus in Seoul.

logy, which mimics human thinking, has recently developed through fusion with big data technology. It is also witnessing beyond human beings through augmented reality. Artificial intelligence is expanding in various industries, led by the artificial intelligence information industry, and artificial intelligence has already been established in the banking, securities, insurance, media, and medicine sectors, and artificial intelligence will be introduced quickly in many other industries. In the future, the ability to produce and manage artificial intelligence is increasingly required, and the creation of future values for humans armed with morality and mathematics will be key.

Clouding in the Fourth Industrial Revolution is a broader concept. Flexibility, efficiency, and economy are advantages of the technology that performs data storage to information processing using data and computer infrastructure gathered on servers on the network. Cloud is emerging as an infrastructure that can realize new information and communication technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data.

Blockchain often appears in the concept of virtual currency, which refers to the technology to record and manage data recorded as participants' public rather than a central server, and in other words, to each other's own individual encrypted blocks and form networks to monopolize information. It is not stored by the central server but is recorded jointly by participants, so even if they are threatened by hackers, there is a very low risk of hacking than conventional technologies. By applying distributed processing and encryption techniques, we secure high security and ensure the fastness and transparency of the transaction process. We need to think about how the current blockchain technology, which needs to build a high-security system, reduce data management costs, and reduce economic costs, will change society.

Internet of Things (Internet of Things) is a technology that refers to a spatial network that connects things and things or people. Information and communication technology provides high value-added composite services related to objects by installing sensors and computers on objects to implement two-way communication between objects. Internet of Things technology requires technologies such as sensing, wired and wireless technology, big data, clouding, hacking, and prevention of information leakage.

Such a fourth industrial revolution will be actively introduced in the industrial sector, but it will be introduced in administration. The introduction of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is currently being digitized through on-off services, ‘‘where‘‘ administrative activities online affect offline. In addition, existing processes will be open to all citizens and governance will tend to be localized, not centralized. It will operate around the community, and metropolitan governance will develop, and smart cities such as Dubai will arrive. It will develop into a central and local convergence using networks, a convergence of government and businesses, a convergence of citizens and governments, a convergence of businesses and citizens, and finally an international convergence society.

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Summary

With the outbreak of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, there has been a shift in the environment represented by artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things. As a result, administrative demand has also changed, and in the case of South Korea, it is described as the Korean version of the New Deal, the Digital New Deal, and the Green New Deal. In addition, there is a need to think about the education New Deal. Among the various factors, environmental changes can be identified from an administrative and macro view, such as social and environmental policy issues that affect the role and appearance of the government. Currently, changes in administration are occurring in a technology-driven society, and changes in public perception are also beginning. For example, the recent earthquake damage in Gyeongju and Pohang has changed the perception that Korea is a safe zone for natural disasters, resulting in changes in the demand for administrative services for new smart safety and disaster management. In addition, smart cities have been developed due to the development of information and communication technology and the convergence of cities, not limited to disaster safety management, resulting in more efficient and convenient cities than existing ones. In addition, interest in the Green New Deal is increasing while providing smart energy management technologies and smart transportation. Like the government's existing regulations on virtual currency, laws and systems need to change according to the development of blockchain technology. If there is no proper administrative action after the development of new technology, speculation of virtual currency can have a bad effect like overheating. As such, the digital New Deal and the Green New Deal are spreading, and the key task of the Korean version of the New Deal is to be armed with technology and common values for successful implementation. To solve these core challenges, not only the Digital New Deal and the Green New Deal, but also the Bandits, Joint Value, and Training New Deal should be the background. Competitiveness and Problems of Information and Communication Technology In Korea, the infrastructure of information and communication technology is abundant compared to other countries, but this infrastructure should be built nationwide without complacency. Just as free Wi-Fi is used from general streets to public transportation, Korea's infrastructure is the best in the world. In addition, education on information communication for each individual is actively conducted. However, Korea's competitiveness in information and communication technology is world-class, but recently Korea's competitiveness in information and communication technology has been weakening due to the narrowing of the gap between technology development and development. In particular, more investment and development should be made in the development of content and software. The reason for this is from regulations on information and communication technology, which is stronger than advanced countries and to strengthen the competitiveness of information and communication technology, it is essential to establish governance to respond to the changed information and communication technology ecosystem. In addition, through information and communication technology education for the people, the entire nation should create a society that demands such information and communication technology. Education on information and communication technology is needed more continuously. Currently, information and communication technology governance is considered a key factor in weakening competitiveness due to the lack of convergence and nature of the ecosystem of information and communication technology. The ecosystem by telecommunications technology will have to melt into our environment.

Full Text

With the outbreak of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, there has been a shift in the environment represented by artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things. As a result, administrative demand has also changed, and in the case of South Korea, it is described as the Korean version of the New Deal, the Digital New Deal, and the Green New Deal. In addition, there is a need to think about the education New Deal. Among the various factors, environmental changes can be identified from an administrative and macro view, such as social and environmental policy issues that affect the role and appearance of the government. Currently, changes in administration are occurring in a technology-driven society, and changes in public perception are also beginning. For example, the recent earthquake damage in Gyeongju and Pohang has changed the perception that Korea is a safe zone for natural disasters, resulting in changes in the demand for administrative services for new smart safety and disaster management. In addition, smart cities have been developed due to the development of information and communication technology and the convergence of cities, not limited to disaster safety management, resulting in more efficient and convenient cities than existing ones. In addition, interest in the Green New Deal is increasing while providing smart energy management technologies and smart transportation. Like the government's existing regulations on virtual currency, laws and systems need to change according to the development of blockchain technology. If there is no proper administrative action after the development of new technology, speculation of virtual currency can have a bad effect like overheating. As such, the digital New Deal and the Green New Deal are spreading, and the key task of the Korean version of the New Deal is to be armed with technology and common values for successful implementation. To solve these core challenges, not only the Digital New Deal and the Green New Deal, but also the Bandits, Joint Value, and Training New Deal should be the background.

Competitiveness and Problems of Information and Communication Technology In Korea, the infrastructure of information and communication technology is abundant compared to other countries, but this infrastructure should be built nationwide without complacency. Just as free Wi-Fi is used from general streets to public transportation, Korea's infrastructure is the best in the world. In addition, education on information communication for each individual is actively conducted. However, Korea's competitiveness in information and communication technology is world-class, but recently Korea's competitiveness in information and communication technology has been weakening due to the narrowing of the gap between technology development and development. In particular, more investment and development should be made in the development of content and software. The reason for this is from regulations on information and communication technology, which is stronger than advanced countries and to strengthen the competitiveness of information and communication technology, it is essential to establish governance to respond to the changed information and communication technology ecosystem. In addition, through information and communication technology education for the people, the entire nation should create a society that demands such information and communication technology. Education on information and communication technology is needed more continuously. Currently, information and communication technology governance is considered a key factor in weakening competitiveness due to the lack of convergence and nature of the ecosystem of information and communication technology. The ecosystem by telecommunications technology will have to melt into our environment.

Currently, the main problem of ICT governance was the establishment of the Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning as an information and communication control tower, but inefficiency was highlighted due to confusion between departments. It will have to redefine the existing Government organization and role. It will be possible to consolidate existing interdepartmental data to create a foundation. The platform-based ecosystem expansion and unstable integration structure to effectively respond to the 4th Industrial Revolution in response to the intensifying competition among the ICT ecosystems have led to the lack of central and regional functions and roles.

According to previous discussions regarding information and communication technology, various lessons can be learned to enhance the competitiveness of information and communication technology. It is also important to create a department dedicated to information and communication technology competitiveness due to the absence of information and communication technology departments and inefficient function industrial factors. .It is necessary to expand a flexible system that can actively accept future changes while pursuing shared values and designing to enable the establishment of an information and communication technology policy.

Many concerns arise about what direction the long-term goal will be. The Green New Deal will be the production of artificial sun and photosynthetic chips, and education will be developed to arm itself with morality and creativity by pursuing shared values and moral values.

In addition, platform-type government CPND, which serves as a platform provider for development, needs demand-generating and strategic governance to drive consistent governance, big data opening and management, content creation environment, platform base delivery, and software workforce. Education on the perception of information and communication technology is needed nationwide. In the era of decentralization, governance centers should focus on coordination and deliberation through local government consulting and technical support committees, minimize ambiguity, redundancy, conflict.

The government's role in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is divided into various ways, which refers to convergent industrial mechanisms that improve productivity quality customer satisfaction by applying sensors and data controls from planning design to delivery to consumers. A smart society can be said to be a society that endlessly recreates new added value based on advanced intelligence information and communication technology and social networking. We must also consider the direction of such technology development. It can be said that smart governments are highly intelligent and communicative governments and that they mean transparent and cooperative governments that share knowledge and information between governments and business communities, away from closed administrative practices in the past. These governments should achieve evidence-based policy decisions and enforcement at every moment based on accurate data collection and analysis, focusing on problem-solving. In addition, it can be said that it is difficult to realize smart government without open or connected and clear data.

To realize this information and communication technology governance, the most urgent thing is the participation of related agencies to support the shared administration of the president or prime minister mentioned in the early days of e-government. Furthermore, efforts should be made to achieve this governance to a pan-national extent, not pan-government. In addition, it is necessary to establish a system for sharing values for future development and successful reconnaissance of the Korean version of the New Deal, such as redefining local governments and providing central and regional horizontal cooperation policies.

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Summary

Human beings have stopped because of Covid-19, but nature continues to move. In other words, it means that sustainable development is needed, and it will have to go in a wise direction. Moving in a desirable direction on your means being smart.

As social change progresses rapidly, the need to go beyond the existing electronic government is increasing. This led to the emergence of new administrative demands and paradigm shifts to overcome the limitations of e-government. This paradigm shift is predicted that pursuing personalized electronic governments will evolve information and communication technologies into user-centered, strengthening people-centered administrative services and emerging forms of government governance. The era of new nomads has arrived in line with the smart era.

In addition, the direction of the existing e-government's values is changing. As an enhancement of emotional intelligence that the existing electronic government did not have, social-emotional intelligence refers to the ability to express emotions perceptually, absorb emotions into thoughts, understand and reason emotionally, and control one's and others' emotions. It also creates a paradigm shift from a producer-centered society to a consumer-centered society through the value of diversity and from a walled government to a government that removes existing silos from the wall. Each local government was on its path, but due to Covid-19, the situation changed from one country to another. In other words, an international wall has been formed. However, the element of digital is making various changes through international barriers.

According to the theory of owners and agents, asymmetry, reverse ‘select‘ion, and bandit hazard of information are occurring, and e-government is drawing attention as a way to overcome it. A reverse ‘select‘ion is a question of instability in human choice as a lack of information, and it should be considered going in a new direction, such as artificial intelligence CEO, by replacing it with artificial intelligence. Also, as citizens now produce information, consumption must play a role as a common producer. You will have to learn basic keywords and solve the problem in the desired direction. Fundamentals of the information society are stories about creative thinking, such as how human creativity can be modeled mathematically and attached to machines.

Full Text

As social change progresses rapidly, we will have to move beyond the electronic government. Human beings have stopped because of Covid-19, but nature continues to move. In other words, it means that sustainable development is needed, and it will have to go in a wise direction. Moving in a desirable direction on your means being smart.

It was said earlier that as social change progressed rapidly, it would have to go beyond the electronic government, but at this point, a new administrative demand and paradigm shift have occurred to overcome the limitations of electronic government. This paradigm shift is predicted that pursuing personalized electronic governments will evolve information and communication technologies into user-centered, strengthening people-centered administrative services and emerging forms of government governance. In time for the smart era, the new nomadic era has arrived.

In addition, the direction of the existing e-government's values is changing. As an enhancement of emotional intelligence that the existing electronic government did not have, social-emotional intelligence refers to the ability to express emotions perceptually, absorb emotions into thoughts, understand and reason emotionally, and control one's and others' emotions. It also creates a paradigm shift from a producer-centered society to a consumer-centered society through the value of diversity and from a walled government to a government that removes existing silos from the wall. Each local government was on its path, but due to Covid-19, the situation changed from one country to another. In other words, an international wall has been formed. However, the element of digital is making various changes through international barriers.

In the theory of owners and agents, both owners and agents are reasonable and self-interest-seekers, assuming rational economic human beings, and agents have more information than residents and create information asymmetry. In addition, the e-government is drawing attention as a way to overcome reverse ‘select‘ion and moral hazard. A reverse ‘select‘ion is a question of instability in human choice as a lack of information, and it should be considered going in a new direction, such as artificial intelligence CEO, by replacing it with artificial intelligence. Also, as citizens now produce information, consumption must play a role as a common producer. You will have to learn basic keywords and solve the problem in the desired direction. Fundamentals of the information society are stories about creative thinking, such as how human creativity can be modeled mathematically and attached to machines.

When discussing the development direction of all future Smartphones, it distinguishes values as follows. Clarification of value orientation (value shared by citizens and governments), a re-examination of the role of information officers, fundamental administrative innovation (clear vision), and re-examination of administrative work (social wisdom should be found and social problems solved in the right direction).

From a smart administrative perspective, Government 3.0 can be defined as a governance administrative or state-run operating system that aims for the role of a cooperative partner by redesigning administrative practices and social networks, sharing knowledge and information between government and corporate citizens.

It is maintained in these theories, so how can we creatively develop wisely? Will sustainable development be possible? What is Government 4.0? Information and communication should also develop in a smart direction, what is the direction? You'll have to think big about a question like that.

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Class Summary

As a technology-driven society, is this technology desirable? Then, is technology smart? The question is needed. To express that it is smart, it is going in a smarter direction and about sustainable development. Also, looking at the biased mentality of the information society, technology advances rapidly by mathematically modeling human imagination and applying it to machines, but wisdom does not keep up. It is true that our society is developing intelligently, but is it wise?

As rapid urbanization and consequent social problems arise, new innovative technologies are being used to solve urban problems. A smart city is a new concept due to the development of information and communication technology and is the use of innovative technologies to solve social problems caused by urbanization. As population and resource consumption are concentrated in cities, problems such as fine dust traffic congestion, water shortages, and disasters are posing a major threat to the sustainability of cities. For the sake of solving these problems and the sustainable prosperity of cities, countries around the world are paying attention to smart cities as new alternatives.

Smart cities can be seen from various perspectives. Just as existing smartphones can do various activities, they are divided into more technologically efficient operations in cities and enabling sustainable prosperity on their own as a convenient, safe, and smart city.

The definition of smart information in Korea is as follows. It can be defined as a platform to enhance the quality of life of citizens and enhance the sustainability of cities by utilizing innovative technologies in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. These smart cities seek to address the improvement of citizens' quality of life, such as cost, time, and safety, and the sustainability of cities such as resources, environment, and governance, by leveraging innovative technologies for new industrial platforms such as shared economies, autonomous vehicles, and robots.

Korea is currently at the forefront of this smart city construction compared to other countries, citing its world-class information and communication technology, high infrastructure, IT-friendly countries, and diverse experience in urban development. Previously, catching up with developed countries was a priority, but now we will have to become advanced countries and carve out new paths. The power of collective intelligence to gather wisdom is important to carve out a path that no one else will go. It will also have to educate the people and gradually diversify society through the smart digital New Deal, the Green New Deal, and education New Deal education. The previous three new deals are very important factors in the information society and need to be continuously developed. To attract public interest in smart cities, Korea has introduced and is currently using systems called the Information and Communication Challenge and Smart City Living App, which are ways to encourage active participation by directly proposing solutions.

Various technologies have been developed and developed due to the Fourth Industrial Revolution, but through such smart technologies, they will have to exist as wise smart residents.

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Class Summary

As society exploded, many changes occurred in one's future age. Therefore, there will be many changes in life in the future, so don't be too swayed by it and go your own way calmly.

Currently, there is a green and digital new deal called the Korean version of the New Deal, which is not enough, and through the educational new deal, moral and mathematical community values should be fused to form a tripod and go wisely.

In modern society, there is also a project that directly provides citizens with the idea of the "Honest Challenge".

There are two laws to live excellence in life in an organization. One is three times the law of life, and for a person to contribute to an organization, he or she needs to develop three things: self, maintenance, and development. The second is Beginner's law, which consists of greeting first, cleaning well, and going to work five minutes earlier. In other words, it is a law that focuses on living faithfully to the basics.

A good example of artificial intelligence's response in modern society is to understand the value of a leader as a CEO and to manage and foster his subordinates as a leader.

The number of baduk cases is 36! It is very difficult for humans to calculate directly. Therefore, technology such as artificial intelligence and computers must solve this problem. Instead of memorizing everything that changes and changes in the information society, we should think about the logic that penetrates change. The fundamental of the information society is to model human imagination in mathematics and apply it to machines.

In the future, the field of energy will gradually decrease fossil fuels and develop energy using the sun. In other words, we will go to sustainable development. As the technology field develops into 4th and 5th industries, it needs to move towards the smart and wise direction.

The world continues to accelerate the fourth industrial society explosively. Then ‘where‘ is the end of society? You have to think about something. The end of society is never smart unless it is armed with morality, mathematics, and community values through the Education New Deal.

Because of Covid-19, every society has come to a society that no one has ever experienced. That is why we must gradually change from a follower to a leader and pioneer through collective intelligence.

If the direction is clear, you will have to go your own way or get various help. Life is a convergence of various subjects, not one, that is, one should not care about one and think prematurely.

Competition narrows the understanding of people because it makes it difficult to acquire knowledge together. It is important not to compete with each other but to share the knowledge and wisdom of the students in the class.

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This class ended with a guide on the location and time of the final exam and how to write the assignments.

Test location: 105 Classroom, 201 Classroom

Time: Tuesday, June 15 at 0900