전자정부론 출석 및 과제점검표(재택수업 스스로 점검하기)

학과:행정학과

학번:21408059

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계

이름:김민수

강의 요약 정리:

1주차(1)

If research from the Middle Ages to the modern times has developed into a center of humanities in the East and a center of science in the West, in the future, a shift in research paradigm is needed for better results in the information society. There is a need to study smart and creative tools and imagination essential to the information age. Basic skills for finding jobs in the information age include internationalization (e.g., Google Translator) and artificial intelligence knowledge such as web design, CAD, GIS and big data processing, IOT, AI, etc. Also, human nature should not always be overlooked, as human research and development is feared to have an adverse effect on society, although sustainable planning should be made while learning and learning new things.

1주차(2)

The basic requirement of students is physical and mental health. The next requirement is to study at least eight hours a day.  Recent changes in the social paradigm have taken place, creating a variety of job fields as an information age using the Internet and computers.  One of them may have a dream of his or her own The ways to achieve that dream must be studied steadily and voluntarily realized using information power.  Create new things to achieve your dream and don‘t compare yourself to others.

Always do your best.

2주차(1)

The transition from an agrarian society to an industrial society enjoyed material windmills while pursuing mass production, mass distribution, and mass consumption on the physical side, and was psychologically given to the rational thought of the maximum effect of basic cost. These activities are done through human activities and economic activities, and can also introduce environmental issues. Because of this, the information society has also been the background. We need a paradigm for a new society. The depletion of oil and energy resources is expected in 30 to 50 years. To prevent this, new energy resources are needed. The new paradigm that the information society will bring will have a horizontal and flexible structure rather than a vertical and hard structure in improving material productivity. The information society will be able to deal with the problems presented in the industrial society more effectively and solve the environmental problems well while pursuing low cost and high efficiency.

2주차(2)

The core technologies of the fourth industrial revolution include IOT, BIG DATA, artificial intelligence and VR, which allow the country to overcome space-time differences in terms of concurrency. In previous industrial societies, there is a possibility that cities, factories and logistics would be integrated into one in the future. But this future fourth industry is not the only good thing. For example, in the old industrial society, many jobs were created, but as automation increased, there is a controversy over the loss of jobs. Therefore, human individuality may be lost by AI or harmonized by another human effort, but we must strive to develop the ability to look further and more carefully.

3주차(1)

Information can be defined in a wide variety of ways in which we humans have all the value judgments and information capabilities we make in making decisions. Various types of information exist depending on the areas needed and the areas used. Accurate understanding and understanding of information is important to ensure that information is recognized correctly. A typical feature of information is that it can be both a producer and a consumer. The ability, talent and time of the information producer determine the quality of the information. There are four uses for information: format, time, place and ownership. The word system is a word that is interconnected with information. As the information society becomes more diverse and complex, a system approach becomes very important because the phenomena need to be identified and addressed systemically. There are two types of systems: deterministic and probabilistic.

3주차(2)

The information society is still unfamiliar, so you should always try and learn. In particular, individual efforts are the most important and individual abilities have the greatest influence. Recently, it has passed the Industrial Revolution of 3, a digital society through information service, and entered the Industrial Revolution of 4 using the Internet of Things. Already, advanced countries often build infrastructure. The United States has been developing the Internet hundreds and thousands of times faster than the existing Internet since 1998. Perhaps because of that, the U.S. is leading the global economy with twice the pace of information technology growth in the U.S. If we look at international trends, it is expected that the global era will unfold as the number of Internet users increases, which will be handled electronically by e-government and others. Prior to that, Korea has also ‘select‘ed a leading project for information service and is focusing its time and efforts on it to promote the overall information service in the national society. Information service leading industries have education and e-commerce sectors, and they should be implemented after well judging suitability. To carry these things well, the development and information service education of software will need to be well addressed.

4주차(1)

Data is a key resource of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Data are defined as reading recorded symbols and signals, expressing environmental attributes of objects and events by symbols, symbols of meaning for the world, and expressions of facts in language. The importance of data in administration is manifested in scientific administration, evidence-based administration and objective administration.

Big data is crude oil in the era of the fourth industrial revolution and transfers and processes at a large, fast pace. It is also a measure of value in a digital society. The data paradigm has changed from Analag to digital emphasis on quantity to qualitative aspects. The use of big data is a source of national competitiveness in digital society and a method of utilizing high-quality data is the key. This is highlighted as a key resource. Its characteristics are quantity, diversity, speed, value, and integrity.

The benefits of big data increase transparency and enable rational decision making.

Information is defined as having to do with human intentions, and the purpose is to help make decisions and solve problems. The characteristics of information include physical diversity of expression, economic value-added, organizational and social connectivity, and self-organization. Valuable information refers to information related to accuracy, convergence, accessibility, reliability, and related information.

4주차(2)

Knowledge is the ability to recognize and cope with the interaction between the environment and society in which humans are in. The characteristics of knowledge can be obtained through learning, and its use varies depending on the situation and only appears when utilized. Knowledge is divided into tacit knowledge and explicit knowledge. Implicit knowledge is representative of subconsciousness, unconsciousness, and self-knowledge, and explicit knowledge includes official expression function and sharingable knowledge. Also, there is a difference between information and knowledge, for example, knowledge is a combination of information, experience, and intuition, ‘where‘as information is only simple data.

Intelligence and wisdom refer to the ability to acquire, apply, and expand information to solve problems. The higher this level of intelligence, the easier it is to recognize events and situations and respond accordingly, and the more predictability of the future.

There is also a difference between these intelligence and knowledge, a typical example is that intelligence must be innate, while knowledge can be acquired through experience and learning.

Wisdom is the ability to make decisions and judgments about problems based on experience and knowledge. Comparing wisdom to intelligence, intelligence differs in that it applies to formal problems, and wisdom to understand and grasp various elements of direct and indirect as it applies to unstructured problems.

5주차(1)

There are various terms such as e-government, digital government, online government, open government, cyber government, and smart government, but they eventually focus on government. There is diversity because the concept of e-government depends on what view it takes. In the past, e-governments have prioritized the convenience of internal administration, but they have recently become more interested in improving services. As such, e-government has objectives, typically transparency, democracy, productivity, and efficiency in administration. If these objectives are well implemented, they can restore and further strengthen public trust. The concept of e-government is defined differently by country. The need for e-government introduction includes changes in government functions through technology and government innovation through digital transformation. Digital transformation has the advantage of increasing efficiency, making better decisions, and providing quality services without time and space constraints. For the success of administration in the era of digital transformation, leadership, organizational culture and law must be well-equipped.

5주차(2)

There are three types of e-government implementation. First, there are Type 1 (Electronic Bank Perspective), Type 2 (Electronic Management Perspective), an intelligent type of government operation that can make government work more efficient by using information technology, and Third, Type 3 (Electronic Governance Perspective), a new governance model that asks fundamental questions about the reason for the existence of the government beyond the electronic service delivery process. The types of implementation can be divided into four categories, equity, productivity, reflection, and democracy, depending on ideology, and can also be divided into types between stakeholders, such as government employees, citizens, large corporations, and governments. The e-government covers electronic management, electronic society, electronic services, and electronic citizens, and the service system that delivers to each other is front office, back office and environmental maturity. The e-government development phase implements the web upon launch. Then, transactions should be made through interaction, and electronic democracy and electronic society should be constantly integrated and provided on their own.

6주차(1)

Today, the government is implementing a "Government 2.0" that provides citizen-oriented services that can be shared with information and allows them to participate freely, which in the future will develop into a "Government 3.0," a customized intelligence government using Web technology. Government 3.0 is a semantic web-based government for personalization. Intelligentize all government services according to conditions. Semantic Web offers customized services for each individual. Semantic Web is the next generation of artificial intelligence web, which allows users to define hidden intentions and receives requested information without having to read all the information. It also provides customized and intelligent services depending on demand, and can record individual characteristics, preferences and lifestyles through analysis. Thus, the Semantic Web technology will facilitate the use of customized guide services such as tax consulting. In addition, the Semantic Web will be able to detect situation information, provide intelligent services, detect locations, landscape, and social infrastructure, and respond by predicting climate change or the environment. With the establishment of these diverse ubiquitous environments, it will be convenient to provide online services that do not require direct visits, and various ministries and governments will use them to further accelerate customized government 3.0.

6주차(2)

Korea, which has been one of the poorest countries in the world, has grown as a global leader in ICT and increased per capita GDP more than 200 times, but Koreans feel unhappy regardless of that. As a growth engine for South Korea, ICT shows the management direction of major companies such as Samsung and LG, and the rapid growth of e-commerce and mobile markets. Despite this infrastructure, the way e-government works has not changed much. The happiness index is also expected to rise if programs are changed through ICT technology and the government‘s agencies integrate online services to provide customized services to individual citizens.

Government 3.0 is a citizen-centered government innovation and support the creative economy by providing customized services to citizens and creating jobs. It is this government‘s vision that everyone is happy, and its strategy is to be transparent, share, communicate and cooperate for this. For example, bus arrival time information is a typical example. Bus arrival information services can be provided to smartphone applications or electronic signboards while disclosing public data on transportation. The bottom line is that the successful elements of government 3.0 need, first, the president‘s vision and leadership. Second, build the best infrastructure in the world. Third, it should be a solid institutional legal basis.

9주차(1)

Information and communication technology is already being changed through methods of communicating with the world and environmental projects. In particular, advances in web-based technology provide innovative ways of communicating information. Information and communication technology contributes to improving efficiency and effectiveness. Government ministries can use it to improve the way the nation operates by providing information to citizens in innovative ways and to get information from government websites anytime, any‘where‘.

EG can be defined on a web basis in a broad sense. It aims to provide better services for citizens by using government information resources more effectively and efficiently for citizens and by using information technology. Features are implemented through the Internet and websites and can reduce convenience and cost.

The level of human ability depends on brain and computer literacy. Human ability to make information will develop considerably through the use of information technology. Due to the rapid development of information technology, citizens should contribute to mutual development, such as participation and announcement by citizens in the EG development stage, which is not followed accurately and in an orderly manner.

9주차(2)

Recently, with the advent of e-government, ‘where‘ administrative work is handled electronically, the ubiquitous computing environment is changing the basic government‘s way of doing business in terms of service delivery. The concept of UC has properties of anytime, any‘where‘, anydevice, anynetwork, and anyservice. In order for the ubiquitous e-government to succeed, building virtual spaces using the national geographic information system must be preceded.

The national statistical geography system should be established by considering the necessity of the database and the justification for its implementation, focusing on environmental indicators. In addition, the National Statistical Geography System has value in various fields, and if you look at the academic value of this system, it contributes to the development of research methods as well as the development of theory and contributes to the balanced development of learning. Social value contributes to fostering human resources, revitalizing education and research, and increasing the efficiency of administration in the state and local governments.

In order to understand the ubiquitous e-government, it must be extended and understood at the stage of development of the existing e-government. The ubiquitous government also presents new possibilities as a shift to a new paradigm than the existing one. In order to implement this well, geography and statistical systems should be well integrated to make big data, create, implement and build new information.

10주차(1)

The development of information and communication technology, such as the e-government and the ubiquitous government, has prompted diversification of civic needs in the public sector. Electronic government based on IT with information resources is used more effectively and efficiently for business or government. The development process of the information age has evolved in various ways over the years. The ultimate goal of the ubiquitous government is to make it possible for citizens to receive and use services anytime, any‘where‘, regardless of time and space. Many local governments are trying to build ULGs and provide public services to citizens.
Currently, local governments such as Jeju, Seoul, North Gyeongsang and Gwangju are trying to provide ubiquitous public service systems. Typically, Gwangju is implementing U-culture and innovation city, u-safe project.
Thus, to summarize the ubiquitous computing characteristics, all materials, humans, and electronics are interconnected every‘where‘. It refers to services that provide customized environments to users or citizens and are available in real life. The ubiquitous local government should develop in the direction of establishing a network and computer environment and making efforts to connect with citizens and providing support in line with market mechanisms.

10주차(2)

The development of user-centered computing systems has led the IT industry. In the case of green information technology, it is sometimes attempted to solve environmental problems by taking an eco-friendly approach through information. The development of IT technology has also brought about changes in the government. Currently, technologies such as the open government website and cyber conference are being carried out, but in the future, the user-centered government‘s public information service takes place, expecting that an administration that transcends time and space will be possible. The convergence allows much greater accessibility.

As IT technology develops, platform-type governments emerge, and interconnection functions, strengthening attempts and strengthening inter-subject connections, and creating value-added functions. There are largely cooperative governments, intelligent governments, and transparent governments. In terms of typical utilization status, national knowledge portal and Seoul‘s mobile public information OPEN AI service are examples.

11주차(1)

Electronic governance is the establishment of a multi-dimensional world in which various actors, such as countries, businesses, citizens, etc., with different characteristics in the Internet space, form a network to maintain horizontal relationships with each other. The definition of governance is that many actors participate horizontally. Therefore, electronic governance is a method of governance in which the government and citizens participate in a decentralized and horizontal way in a virtual space that can reproduce the act of reality.

Like electronic governance, the knowledge and information society has returned to the form of direct democracy in which many can participate in decision making instead of forming an integrated network to address the unfairness and asymmetry of profit-making.

Electronic governance can be divided into three stages: providing participatory information, establishing policy opinions, and making decisions. It doesn‘t necessarily happen step by step, but it can happen simultaneously.

11주차(2)

The conditions for e-government implementation are efficiency and democracy. ICT is characterized by speed, accuracy, two-way sharing and ease of access. These traits can be used to increase efficiency and make your decisions more and more spurious in making use of the characteristics of your democracy. In addition, the possibility of a change in the information organization is a condition for implementing e-government, which can be achieved through a shift from a confrontational relationship between civil society and the government to a cooperative one.

In the field of social capital and public debate, social capital is an intangible asset that increases production activities, and is a network, norm and trust that promotes coordination and cooperation for mutual benefit. The formation of a forum is to draw consensus from the people who participated in it by expressing and discussing the opinions of citizens in the public domain.

E-government has a variety of advantages, but there are obstacles that can undermine social values through hacking or cybercrime. For this purpose, the scope of personal information protection and information security should be well prepared.

Looking at future developments, the e-government promotion system should have a system to integrate and manage roles among departments in order to implement and provide services. In addition, the government should develop a budget management frame that can be efficiently utilized in the planning, compilation and execution of the information service budget for efficient financial investment and providing consumer-centered electronic services.

12주차(1)

The Fourth Industrial Revolution is a revolutionary era created by the convergence of information and communication technology. In the fourth industrial revolution, it is a new technological innovation in each field, including big data analysis, artificial intelligence, robotics, the Internet of Things, unmanned transportation and nanotechnology. It is also a successful element of the Korean version of the New Deal.

Each of these techniques has its own characteristic. Big Data is data that stores, analyzes, and utilizes data that features vast amounts, different types, and fast processing speed, and has recently made rapid progress in the non-contact industry.

Artificial intelligence has been developing AI technology with human thinking through steady research from the past through convergence with big data technology. Thus, in the future, the ability to control, produce, and manage artificial intelligence will become more and more necessary.

The Internet of Things is a technology that means the inter-material space network. As 5G technology is currently in commercialization stage, communication speed will be faster. Therefore, it is expected that the technology that combines the Internet of Things with you will be further developed.

12주차(2)

Looking at the changes in the environment and administrative demand as the fourth industrial revolution progresses, it is possible to identify environmental changes from the external and macro perspectives of administration, such as social environment and environmental policies that affect the role and appearance of the government among various factors. For example, the demand for administrative services is changing by intuitively seeing phenomena such as the recent earthquake in Korea and introducing a smart safety disaster management system to prepare for them. Korea‘s ICT is more abundantly built than other countries. Therefore, you can experience the world‘s best Wi-Fi speed ‘where‘ver you go. To further enhance this competitiveness, an institutional mechanism should be established to coordinate inter-ministerial conflicts or an organization that can foster IT convergence based on software-driven thinking.

The conditions for redesigning ICT governance should include opening and managing big data, creating a content creation environment, and implementing demand-generating and strategic governance as core strategies for fostering software personnel.

The fourth industrial revolution refers to industrial meccanism that improves productivity or customer satisfaction by applying ICT controls such as sensors and data from planned design of products to delivery to consumers. The government should provide a hyper-connected shared economy platform, not just a brokerage service linking surplus resources or services to social media means.

13주차(1)

New administrative demands and e-governments are evolving as personalized e-governments. This means a customized government for respecting individual humanity and unlike the current management method in which formal online public discussions and policy real-name systems are carried out, citizens‘ voluntary participation and the participation of the lower classes will increase in the future.

The paradigm shift is also taking place in the direction of social emotional intelligence, which fosters the ability to control the emotions of oneself and others who perceive, express, absorb emotions into thoughts, understand and deduce emotions emotionally.

The basic assumption of the owner-agent theory is that it assumes a rational and economical human being, and both the owner and the agent seek rational and self-interest. If an agent has more information than the owner, asymmetry of information occurs. However, considering this as the opposite, securing procedural justification through transparent disclosure of information asymmetry would help to increase confidence in the government.

The level of administrative transparency depends on economic standards and the level of choice of data and information of the people who are consumers.

As administrative demand changes, paradime is changing in various ways, such as an expansion model aimed at effectiveness and a participatory model aimed at responsiveness.

Smart society and government 3.0 are governance administrative systems that aim to play a partner role while providing a foundation for public platforms that can share information and create added value in various relationships such as government, business and citizens based on highly intelligent ICT and social networks.

In order to promote this, the government can carry out the reform of laws or controls from the perspective of existing information services, design through sharing big data, identify trends of each country, and make continuous comparisons between major countries.

13주차(2)

As population and resource consumption are concentrated in cities due to rapid urbanization, various social problems such as fine dust and traffic problems are deepening, the importance of utilizing innovative technologies to solve urban problems is emerging. Typically, smart cities can be established, and smart cities are defined in various ways depending on the level of economic development, urban conditions, and conditions of each country, and there are differences in approach strategies by country.

According to Korea‘s smart city strategy, smart city policies are being pursued with the aim of solving urban problems using the advanced technologies of the fourth industrial revolution, embracing smart cities that care for citizens, building innovative ecosystems and strengthening global cooperation. There is also a national pilot city policy to promote new industries that incorporate common new technologies such as artificial intelligence, block chain, and 5G. Currently, cities such as Sejong and Busan are implementing policies on water, healthcare and transportation.

In addition, we are making great efforts to solve social problems in various ways, such as creating an innovative ecosystem or establishing a global network.

Korea is already entering the smart age as a leader.

14주차(1)

Knowledge can be borrowed, but wisdom is not easy to borrow. Wisdom can be obtained through one‘s constant efforts. Smart power and corona19 do not disappear easily. Although we expected the corona to subside when the weather gets hot, we are now living in summer instead of summer with air conditioners and various air-conditioning equipment, so we are more likely to go in a different direction than expected. To overcome this, however, we can overcome it by honoring the spirit of community humanity, or Hongik human beings. A case in point is the community value of distributing masks to veterans and overseas adoptees, and the expression of community value in which Korea succeeds in overcoming Corona 19.

Based on the principle of three times life, for example, students study more than three times their tuition.

Corona19 has a reverse direction. The results of the Fourth Industrial Revolution caused more damage, but the early natural ones had the effect of returning to the original state and clearing the air.

Thus development in the wise direction became more and more called for.

History has no repetition. Therefore, it is important to move through dialogue and carefully weigh the differences and lead our future in a brighter direction.

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