전자정부론 출석 및 과제점검표(재택수업 스스로 점검하기)

학과: 행정학과

학번: 21705671

주(날짜)	출석(당일)	지각(해당주)	결석(그이후)	과제	비고
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8주차 중간고사
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기말고사
과제1(04/01)				O
과제2(05/06)				O
과제3(06/25)				O
계

이름: 송현지

강의 요약정리:

1주차(1)

Chapter 1. Introduction of Class and Its Brief Summary (Class Direction Map)

2. What will you study?

* The importance of creation is being emphasized as it becomes an information society.

* Because fossil fuels cannot be sustainable, creative ideas are needed.

* The basic skills of the information age for employment include Internationalization, Knowledge, Computing for six lags such as web design, CAD, GIS, and statistical analysis, virtual reality, and internet of thing, AI, and Deep Learning

* To change society, I have to have a big dream and love myself. and I have to change my study paradigm from industrial society to information age.

* We must make a plan and make a big decision from now on.

1주차(2)

Chapter 2. What are basic requirements for the students and Paradigm Shift?

1. Agricultural society

- In an agricultural society, low productivity makes food hard to get. It also delivers information very slowly.

2. Industrial age

- In industrial age, the economy developed with fossil energy, but this caused serious environmental problems.

3. Information age

- In this era, many restrictions on information transmission have disappeared and activities in the virtual world have become active.

- To survive in an information society, we must do our best but take care of our health. And you should be happy that you can fulfill your dreams for others.

- In an information society, the creation must be achieved through the process of understanding knowledge and practicing knowledge. You should not compare yourself with another person.

2주차(1)

Chapter 3. New Paradigm in the Information Age

1. Background and introduction of information society

* Background

- We needed a new society ‘where‘ nature and human beings coexist and economic development and environmental preservation coexist.

- In an information society, we can enjoy not only material affluence but also spiritual affluence.

* Introduction

- With the advent of an information society, time and space constraints have disappeared, and a new level of virtual world is unfolding in virtual space.

2. Meaning of information society

1) Meaning of information.

- Through information, the social structure and institutions of industrial society and the whole society were changed.

2) Meaning of information society

- Information society means a society that is conducted through a computer network, in which information becomes valuable, and information related industries and activities are the main pillars.

3. Factors of social change

1) Necessary aspect

- Individual needs and values are being diversified, problems of equity are being raised, and the development of energy-saving industries is being sought.

2) Technological aspect

- The convergence of the media has become possible, and real-time communication between the two sides has become possible.

2주차(2)

1-2. Fourth Industrial Revolution and Future Society

* Fear and hope for the coming future with artificial intelligence

- It is important to understand scientific technique and discuss how to operate it.

* Will the future society of the fourth industrial revolution be an extension of the industrial society?

- Computers and the Internet are general-purpose technologies of the third industrial revolution.

- The fourth industrial revolution is a production system in which things are connected and automated by artificial intelligence and Internet of Things.

* What time and space changes will the Fourth Industrial Revolution based on digital?

- With the fourth industrial revolution, the future society will be transformed from division to a society ‘where‘ convergence is accelerated, from a small space to a society ‘where‘ community is enhanced.

* Changing Motives of Future Society: Artificial Intelligence and Social Diversity

- We will live in one of the diligent societies, the new civilization community, the totalitarian society and the labor-loss society, depending on the degree of technological development and the degree of diversity in society.

* Four Future Social Scenarios

- A totalitarian society means a society of uniform talent under the control of weak AI owners.

- A diligent society means a society in which AI‘s control is weak or AI is socially controlled, and human diversity and individuality are respected.

- A labor-loss society means a society of uniform talent under the control of strong AI owners.

- A new civilization community means a society in which powerful AI technologies are socially controlled and diverse people use AI to create new values.

3주차(1)

Lesson 6. The Characteristics of Information and the Development Process of Information Society

1. Characteristics of Information

1) Basic Concepts of Information

- Information means meaningful content used for the decision or action of an individual or organization.

2) Basic Characteristics of Information

- Information is not lost by use and can be copied.

- The more information accumulates, the more useful it becomes. In addition, the more new users are created, the more valuable information is.

- Information does not change, but the value of information gradually decreases over time. In addition, the distinction between producers and consumers is ambiguous.

3) Quality of Information

- Even the same information has very different effects depending on the user‘s knowledge, motivation and ability to use it.

(1) the utility of information

- Formal effect means that the utility of information increases by having a format that meets the users‘ requirements.

- Time effect means that information must be supplied at the time required to have that effect.

- Location effect means that the use of information can only be increased by making it accessible.

- Ownership effect means that information is restricted from being shared with others, affecting the value of information.

3주차(2)

Chapter 7. Environmental Characteristics of Information Society

1. Personal environment of the information society

- In the information society, every field is a strange one, so one must challenge a new path that no one has taken.

- In an information society, personal background is not a problem, so the efforts of individuals who are faithful to the basics are necessary.

2. International Environment of Information Society

- The world‘s major advanced countries perceive information as the most important measure of national development in the information society.

- Recently, there is a fourth revolution represented by the Internet of Things.

1) Building of Information Infrastructure

- The United States is pushing for a next-generation Internet project to connect the entire U.S. with a faster high-speed network than the existing Internet.

- As information service progresses, information-related industries and information-related businesses are increasing.

2) International Trend of Information.

- In the past, a lot of efforts were made to build social infrastructure, but in recent years, a lot of efforts have been made to build and utilize information mind

- It is using information technology to create electronic government and electronic democracy.

3. Characteristics of Domestic Environments of Information Society

- It is fostering the foundation of the information and communication industry by expanding information service investment and fostering information manpower.

- To effectively push for information services, the government is ‘select‘ing leading projects related to information and communication and investing time and resources.

4주차(1)

Week 4. E-Government Raw Materials (DATA and BIG DATA (4-1)

Sect. 1. Data and Big Data

- Data is a symbol of the environmental attributes of events, objects and events, and a symbol of meaning and language of facts about the world.

- Big data transfers and processes large amounts of data at a rapid pace.

- And big data is a measure of value in a digital society and crude oil in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

- The characteristics of big data include volume, veracity, variety, velocity and variety.

- Additional characteristics of big data include huge scale, reality, trend and combination.

- Data governance is designed to improve the value of data and minimize data-related costs and risks.

Sect. 2. Information

- Information means combining data with meaning.

- Information exists to help make decisions, solve problems, and realize opportunities.

- Information is an object that conveys the importance and meaning of numbers, artificial and natural languages.

- The characteristics of information include diversity of expression, infinite replication, monopoly, value variation, connectivity and sociality.

- Valuable information includes accuracy, economic feasibility, reliability, relevance, simplicity, timeliness, accessibility, verifiability and safety.

4주차(2)

Week 4. Knowledge and Wisdom (1-2)

Sect. 3. Knowledge

- Knowledge refers to the ability to recognize objects, phenomena and situations, and to act appropriately against them.

- It also means the comprehension that exists in the mind or brain.

- Knowledge has the characteristic that ideas vary depending on circumstances and events. In addition, values change over time.

- Knowledge has characteristics that have different effects depending on memory, expertise, experience, opportunity, and previous mechanisms.

- The types of knowledge include Tacit knowledge and Explicit knowledge.

- Tacit knowledge cannot be expressed clearly, but it can be transferred through dialogue.

- Explicit knowledge can not only be explained in detail, but it is also possible to share it.

- Knowledge is created through socialization, externalization, internalization, and combination processes.

Sect. 4. Relationships of Data, Information and Knowledge

- Intelligence refers to the ability to acquire, apply, modify, expand and use information to solve problems.

- Intelligence cannot be formed through experience because it is inherently a natural ability. But knowledge is acquired through the learning process, so experience is needed.

- Intelligence is the ability to apply to formal problem situations and wisdom is the ability to apply to unstructured and new situations.

- Intelligence is the ability to understand and grasp partial elements in a particular field, but wisdom is the ability to understand and grasp the whole.

5주차(1)

Sect 1. Concepts of e-Government

- E-government is divided into the government-based emphasis on information and communication technology and the government‘s function and role.

- E-government has different concepts depending on the country‘s strategic priorities, introduction and necessity, situation awareness, and times.

- E-government started with the use of IT in government increasing efficiency within administration.

- E-government has recently been interested in improving services for citizens.

- E-government refers to general terms for functions and services of government agencies based on computers and the Internet.

- E-government uses the Internet to support government operations and engage citizens.

- E-government aims to innovate the government through transparency of administration, democracy of administration, productivity of administration and efficiency of administration.

- Cyber space is highly transparent and open, which can reduce corruption. It also enables customized administration that reflects the individual‘s special circumstances or conditions.

- Cyber space can lead to active participation and information sharing.

- E-government aims to realize public value through increased efficiency and effectiveness and improved service and capacity.

Sect 2. Necessity of Introducing and Implementing Electronic Government

- E-government should be introduced for quantitative and qualitative changes in administrative demand, increased national competitiveness and government innovation.

- Technological determinism says e-government has been pushed forward as the development of information technology has achieved social change.

- Social determinism says a variety of social and economic factors have made technological advances, and as a result e-government has been pushed forward.

5주차(2)

Sect 3. E-Government Implementation Types

- E-government is divided into type 1 e-Banking, type 2 e-Operation and type 3 e-Governance.

- E-Banking mean changing the way government services are delivered using information technology.

- E-operation means connecting the internal parts of the government to streamline government work.

- E-governance means transforming public sector institutions using Information and Communications Technologies.

- E-government is divided into equity, productivity (efficiency), reflection (ethics), and democracy according to ideology.

- Depending on the type of government-related government, e-government is divided into Government -to-Citizen, Government-to-Employee, Government-to-Business, Government-to-Government.

Sect 4. E-Government Implementation Content and System

- E-government covers e-Administration, e-Society e-Services, e-Citizens.

- Companies outside the e-government serve as suppliers and business partners.

- Citizens outside the e-government play the role of customers, and civil society plays the role of assistants, collaborators, and monitoring/checking.

- E-government is divided into Front Office, Back Office and Environmental Maturity (the entire national society) according to the service delivery system.

Sect. 5. E-Government Development Phase

- E-government gradually developed into catalogues, transactions, vertical integration, and horizontal integration.

- UN introduces the first step launch, second step development, third step interaction, fourth step transaction and fifth step integration as a five-stage model of e-government development.

- Public smart phone app is evolving into stages of simple presentation, composite presentation, simple interaction, composite interaction, work processing and integration.

- E-government is evolving into Web implementation, interaction, trading, integration (vertical/horizontal) (blocked/broken) and intelligent.

6주차(1)

Concepts and Features of Government 2.0 and 3.0

- Today, the government is aiming for a government 2.0 featuring citizen-centered services.

- Future governments will develop into government 3.0, a customized intelligent government.

Progressing Toward Government 2.0

- Today, governments are using Web 2.0 technology to shift from government-centered to citizen-centered.

- Mash up services allow government organizations and citizens to easily share and utilize government data and services.

- Mash up is a Web 2.0 technology that combines content from more than one web site to create brand-new content or services.

- Mash up services will improve cooperation between public and private institutions, improve service levels and create new businesses and industries.

- Citizens can use government services through portals of various organizations.

Evolving into Government 3.0

- Government 3.0 is a Semantic Web-based government that personalizes and intelligences government services based on individual conditions and preferences.

- Semantic Web provides customized services by making it easy to retrieve requested information through all types of channels.

- Semantic Web allows users to receive information without having to read all the information.

- Web 2.0 stores and analyzes an individual‘s lifestyle, providing customized, intelligent services based on the individual‘s needs, characteristics, and preferences.

- Semantic Web detects the surrounding environment and social infrastructure, detects situation information and provides intelligent services.

- Real-World Web is an intelligent web that connects sensors to wireless networks with objects and places.

- With the creation of a ubiquitous environment, all government services will be offered online and offline visits and face-to-face consultations by related agencies will disappear.

- The government will develop into a virtual government that processes one-stop or zero-stop production and delivery of services in the virtual space.

6주차(2)

Lessons from Government 3.0 Innovation of Korea

1. What is Government 3.0?

- Despite having advanced e-government services and infrastructure, the way the government works has not changed much.

- Innovative programs through Information and Communications Technologies should contribute to change government culture and the way officials working

- It cannot integrate each agency‘s online services because it does not share information within the government.

- Government 3.0 provides customized services to citizens because it is a citizen-centered government.

- Government 3.0 applies and spreads core values to all management areas. It also contributes to job creation and creative economy support.

- Government 1.0 features government-oriented, pursuit of efficiency and personal visits.

- Government 2.0 features citizen-oriented, democratic, restrictions on disclosure and participation, and the Internet.

- Government 3.0 features individual-orientated, great democracy, active disclosure and participation, mobile Internet and smart phones.

2. Strategies and Achievements of Government 3.0

- Transparent government actively discloses public information through original text disclosure.

- Transparent governments use public databases to contribute to business support and job creation.

- Competent governments create digital collaboration systems and provide virtual collaboration space and real-time work management between agencies.

- The government‘s disclosure of information should change to a full disclosure without a request, not a partial disclosure upon request.

- Offline services should change from visiting the government offices in charge to visiting nearby government service providers.

- Government collaboration should change from meetings, calls and letters to online collaboration through video conference.

- Information sharing among ministries lacks security in e-mail and official documents, so a ‘public information sharing system‘ should be used.

7주차(1) / 7주차(2)

전반부 정리

9주차(1)

Electronic Government Development Stages on the Web(APP, Social Network Services)

II. Theoretical Review of Development Stages of EG

- EG is a web-based government in which government information resources are used effectively and efficiently

- EG aims to provide better service to citizens using Web-based technology.

- The Web is not subject to transmission costs and is not affected by time and place.

- There is no agreement in the EG development phase, so it is useless for several scholars to present a vision for the EG development process.

- EG development is divided into four stages. Step 1 is for an agency to load its work and service information onto the Internet. Step 2 is for an agency to allow Internet users to explore and interact with the agency‘s data.

- Step 3 is for the government to allow users to trade with the government, Step 4 is for the government to share information with other agencies to provide government integration services.

III. EG Development Stages on the Web

- Government-centered EG builds Web sites and provides government-specific administrative, business and civil service information.

- In addition, offline public services account for a large portion and online public services account for a small portion. It also maintains the government structure and organization in the era of industrialization.

- Interactive EG reduces the proportion of offline public services and increases the proportion of online public services. It will also transform the government structure and organization of the industrial era.

- In addition, with the advent of interactive EG, interaction and civic engagement have increased, and the distinction between providers and users has disappeared.

- With the emergence of a citizen-centered EG, requests for civic participation have been expanded, and citizen-tailored public services have been created.

- In addition, a three-dimensional information system was formed for citizens, and high-speed wireless Internet services emerged.

IV. Integrated EG

- Integrated EG expanded the scope of work on the Web, integrating three type of EG. In addition, it has formed three-dimensional GIS, virtual reality on the Web and global village.

9주차(2)

Electronic Government and National Statistical Geographic Information System

2. Theoretical Review of UC and E-Gov

- E-government means the government that uses information technology to improve government administrative affairs and maximize administrative efficiency so that the government can effectively provide various information and administrative services to the people at any time and place.

- A study focusing on expanding the scope of information and providing administrative services using the Internet presents the government‘s development stage as the stage of information provision, the stage of interaction, the stage of transaction of work and the stage of change.

- A study focusing on changes in government due to information technology suggested steps by the government to improve the speed of the administrative process by using information technology, the efficient processing and provision stages of administration, and the classification of industrial and social government types into the government of the information society.

- A study focusing on web-based government forms suggests steps for launching, promoting, citizen-centered and qualitative transformation.

- A study focusing on the direction of exchange of web-based information and its relationship with the people presents a government-centered phase, a mutual equal phase between the government and the people, a citizen-centered phase and an integration phase.

- The ubiquitous network is a new space embedded in our environment and connected by an invisible network of all objects and people.

- The difference between ubiquitous government and electronic government can be understood in terms of new service possibilities resulting from the development and development of UC technology, and in the end, the meaning can be grasped in one extension.

3. National Statistical Geographic Information System - Focused on Environmental Indicators

- The database is necessary for the development of environmental problems and information services in modern society, the development of integrated environmental indicators and the establishment of an environmental capacity database, the integration of environmental capacity data and geographical information, and the establishment of an environmental policy monitoring system.

- The database will be created in the stages of developing environmental indicators through theoretical consideration, basic survey and analysis of environmental capacity for integrated environmental indicators, establishment of environmental capacity database, establishment of environmental capacity geographical information system, monitoring of environmental policies and proposing customized environmental policies.

4. Expected Effect and Utilization of National Statistical Geographic Information System

- The National Statistical Geographic Information System contributes to the development of theory, research methods and balanced development of learning.

- The National Statistical Geographic Information System contributes to the fostering of human resources, the revitalization of education and research, the increase of administrative efficiency in the state and local governments, and the standardization and integration of national information.

- The results of this study can be used in almost any field, including politics, economy, society, and culture, which is conducted in national territory space. In addition, spatial analysis can update the impact of development on the environment in a short period of time.

- The results of this study can be used as a prior research case for establishing an environmental policy model suitable for the characteristics of local governments, and it can be used as important data for future urban development plans and environmental policy formulation.

- The results of this study can be used to promote the reclassification and reorganization of environmental statistics at the national level, and to establish guidelines for environmental management in local governments.

- The results of this study can easily recognize the factuality, status and analysis results of the data, and can develop into a three-dimensional geographic information system in the future.

10주차(1)

Building of Ubiquitous Computing Spatial Environment of Local u-Government

1. Introduction

- Ubiquitous government means a government that uses ubiquitous computing technology to provide public services to citizens without time or space constraints.

2. Development of E-government

- E-government is an IT-based government whose information resources are used in a more effective and efficient way for citizens, businesses and governments.

- E-government aims to transform government organizations and activities and provide better services to citizens. It also focuses on changes in the social structure, not technical solutions.

- There are four processes in the development of e-government. The first is innovation in public services; the second is innovation of G-Works; the third is innovation of G-structure; and the fourth is citizen participation.

3. The Concepts of Ubiquitous Government and its Development

- The ubiquitous government is a government based on information technology, work processes and ubiquitous computing environments.

- The ubiquitous government provides intellectual work processes and customized public services, but the electronic government provides efficient, transparent and reasonable public services.

4. Government Business Process Innovation for u-Government

- The Ubiquitous government‘s goal is to provide citizens with counter-compliance services.

5. Policy Alternatives

- Wireless or mobile networks allow information to be received while on the move and improve public information accessibility.

- Sensors and tags with cognitive abilities are embedded in objects. Road facilities can be managed and maintained by remote control stations. Increase the efficiency of government work and public service delivery.

- The main computing environment of ubiquitous government is the convergence of networks, devices and business organizations.

- The main computing environment of ubiquitous government is the convergence of networks, devices and business organizations.

- Basic database should be integrated into a geographic reference database that includes text, audio and video, and other data should also be included in basic database.

- Ubiquitous services offer new ways to solve old people, working women and other social problems.

10주차(2)

Evolution of IT Technology and Changes in the Public Sector

Part1. Development of IT Technology

- Web 3.0 means  individuation/intelligence and controls/manages physical and logical space.

- Cloud computing technology is a technology that creates an environment ‘where‘ you can work on documents anytime/any‘where‘ when you have access to the Internet.

- Convergence technology refers to a phenomenon in which similar types of services are transmitted, received, or new services appear by other networks.

Part2. Government Changes with IT Technology Advances of IT Technology

- The user-centered public information service features citizens‘ voluntary participation, participation of the lower classes in the organization, the pursuit of practical public service and the administration transcending time and space.

- The public information of public-private-people cooperation features support for corporate and civic activities, and pursuit of knowledge-government that values individual creativity.

- The public information service of the future government, which maximizes accessibility through convergence, features equal access to information and low-cost universal service.

Part3. The Rise of Platform-type Government in the wake of IT Technology Releasing

- Platform functions include interconnection functions, value-added creation functions, and ability to attempt and strengthen links between subjects.

- A cooperative government is a government that functions mainly on the factors of strengthening government-private cooperation.

- The intelligent government is a government that functions mainly to strengthen administrative services to accommodate the needs of the people.

- Transparent government functions around communication, participation and trust factors.

- A cooperative government has interrelationships with changes in the economic system, and strengthens services suitable for each individual‘s needs.

- The intelligent government stresses that services to accommodate the needs of the people should be strengthened and provided as active/personal/customized services.

- Transparent governments form trust through the process of participation, increase user participation and change the way people live.

- South Korea is pushing for a platform-type government through a comprehensive plan to promote private use of public information, and is actually realizing it through a public information utilization support center, national knowledge portal, and mobile public information open API service portal site.

11주차(1)

Week 11(1). Understanding and Direction of Electronic Governance

Part 1. Definition and Type of Electronic Governance

- Electronic governance means that various actors in the Internet space form a network to build a multi-dimensional world while maintaining horizontal relationships with each other.

- Cyber space means that real-time sharing is possible through the smooth flow and control of multimedia information, thus reproducing the behavior that takes place in real space.

- Governance is the form in which several actors participate in decentralized and horizontal ways.

- Electronic governance has emerged due to the advantages of information technology, such as the speed of information technology, the possibility of interactive communication, and securing participation mechanisms at low cost, and changes in government work according to information technology.

- E- government emerged based on ideological backgrounds such as the limitations of representative democracy and new public management, and increased opportunities for citizens to participate.

- Governance and e-governance both focused on increasing the input of non-governmental elements into the policy-making process through the activation of community and communication.

- E-voting has created the effects of rapid voting and counting, cost reduction, higher voter turnout, reduction of invalid votes and changes in the decision-making process.

- Electronic governance has enabled a return to the direct democratic form in which many participate in decision-making.

- The type of civic participation in the OECD consists largely of information, consultation and active participation.

- Electronic governance develops through three stages: providing participatory information, collecting policy opinions and making decisions.

- In the process of providing participatory information, citizens are provided with various information necessary for participation online.

- In the process of collecting opinions on policies, opinions are collected through bulletin boards and e-community created on the network, and public opinion is collected through e-polling.

- In the decision-making stage, citizens directly participate in government policies and decisions to express their opinions, and citizens and governments jointly make decisions.

11주차(2)

Week 11 (2). Understanding and Direction of Electronic Governance

Part2. Conditions for Implementing e-Government

- The attributes of Information and Communications Technology include speed, accuracy, interactive sharing and ease of access.

- Speed means the need for physical movement and assembly means the cost of opportunity is reduced, and accuracy means the ability to compute large amounts of information without errors.

- Interactive sharing means being able to communicate simultaneously between government and citizens or between individuals and individuals, and ease of access means being able to easily access common information needed to activate exchanges of opinions and to perform tasks.

- Civil society and the government used to be a relationship of confrontation and support, but now it is a stage of cooperation.

- Governance in government and civil society should be understood as state-centered governance, and government and governance should be mutually complementary.

- Participation as a governance formation is one that has both the legitimacy and efficiency of policies and can form a cooperative partnership between the government and civil society.

- For governance to be possible, it is necessary to form a forum for social capital and public debate.

- Social capital means norms, trust and networks that promote coordination and cooperation for mutual benefit as intangible assets that increase production activities.

- To form social capital, citizens‘ voluntary participation is necessary, and the nature of social organizations must be voluntary, horizontal and official.

- Public debate means that citizens‘ opinions are expressed and discussed in the public domain, leading to the consensus of those involved.

- In order to implement e-government, we need to solve the problem of the scope of personal information protection and information security, and examine the relationship with the e-government law that is currently in effect.

Part3. Research Trends and Direction on Electronic Governance

- The e-government promotion system should have a system that can comprehensively manage the roles between ministries to implement and provide e-government services.

- The e-government should provide consumer-centered e-government services and expand the guarantee of service accessibility through the provision of various access channels.

- In order to promote the use of e-government, e-government representative portal and life-friendly information service should be promoted.

- For efficient financial investment, a budget management frame shall be developed to efficiently utilize the planning, compilation and execution process of the information service budget.

12주차(1)

Smart e-Government Theory

Week 12 (1) The Fourth Industrial Revolution and Information and Communications Technology Governance

Part1. The Fourth Industrial Revolution

- The Fourth Industrial Revolution was a revolutionary era created by the convergence of information and communication technology.

- The core of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is that it is playing a role of new technological innovation in six major areas, such as big data analysis, artificial intelligence, robotics, the Internet of Things, unmanned transportation, 3D printing technology.

- Big data refers to data/ data collection, storage, analysis and available data that features vast amounts, various types and fast data processing speeds.

- Big data is expanding the movement to open public data based on greater access to public data, accumulation of data by companies, and development of data processing technology.

- Artificial intelligent refers to a technology that mimics human thinking through convergence with big data technology.

- The technical elements of artificial intelligent include learning and reasoning, situational understanding, language understanding, visual understanding, recognition and recognition.

- The future requires more ability to produce, manage and control artificial intelligence. Thus, the creation of future values of human beings armed with morality and mathematics will be key.

- Cloud means a technology that uses data gathered on servers on a network and computing infrastructure to perform data storage to information processing.

- Technology elements in the cloud include virtual reality (using one resource like multiple resources), distributed processing, security and privacy, and open interfaces (users expand and change program functionality).

- Block chain means the technology for recording and managing data jointly by participants.

- Block chain has the advantage that even if a central server is threatened by hackers, it has a very low risk of hacking than conventional technologies.

- The Internet of Things is a technology that refers to the connection of space between things (things and things, things and people).

- Technology elements of the Internet of Things include sensing, wired and wireless technologies, big data, cloud technologies, and security technologies to prevent hacking and information leakage.

- Governance will be local and decentralized rather than central government, and will be community driven. Governance will develop around metropolitan cities, and smart cities will arrive.

- It will develop into a central and local convergence using the network, a fusion of government and business, a fusion of citizens and government, a fusion of business and citizens, and an international convergence society.

12주차(2)

Smart e-Government Theory

Week 12 (2) The Fourth Industrial Revolution and ICT Governance

Part2. Information and Communications Technology Governance

- Among various factors, environmental changes can be identified from an external and macro perspective of administration, such as social environment and policy issues that affect the role and appearance of the government.

- As smart cities are developed through the development of Information and Communications Technology technology and the convergence of cities as well as disaster safety management, more efficient and convenient cities are born than existing cities.

- It‘s spreading to digital New Deal, Green New Deal. Therefore, for its successful implementation, the role of a human being armed with technological prowess, morality and co-value is important.

- Information and Communications Technology regulations affect Information and Communications Technology competitiveness, and Korea‘s regulations are strong compared to advanced countries. In order to strengthen Information and Communications Technology competitiveness, it is necessary to establish governance that can respond to the changed Information and Communications Technology ecosystem.

- Currently, the problem with Information and Communications Technology governance is that inefficiency has occurred due to interdepartmental confusion and the creation of a large ministry to merge them has not satisfied them.

- Another key factor in weakening Information and Communications Technology competitiveness is that functions and roles of central and local governments have not been shared well.

- The government should come up with institutional devices to prevent conflicts among ministries, have in-depth discussions on the linkages and differentiation of R&D, and seek ways to minimize inefficiency by overlapping investment and overlapping functions.

- A flexible system should be expanded to actively embrace future changes while pursuing shared value.

- A system should be established to form a system of political independence and expert heads, and to monitor and check dogmatic operations centered on control and regulation.

- A platform-type government should be formed that performs its role as a mediator, platform provider and platform environment creator for the development of Information and Communications Technology ecosystem.

- Governance should be established that is consistent with the competitive environment between Information and Communications Technology ecosystems and the intelligent information society, ‘where‘ the producer-content-platform-network-device-consumer is integrated.

- Smart society means a society ‘where‘ new added value is constantly recreated based on highly intelligent Information and Communications Technology and social networks.

- If it is not open, unconnected, and there is no clear data that anyone can accept, the realization of an open smart government is impossible.

- The establishment of a Smart Government Special Committee is necessary, and the participation of content, platforms, networks and data-related agencies to support it is necessary.

- Strategies for balanced development and reestablishment of functions between central governments and strengthening horizontal cooperation between central and local governments are needed.

13주차(1)

Week 13 (1). Smart Government

Part1. Changes in New Administrative Demand and Paradigm

- Future governments will use Information and Communications Technology technology to achieve voluntary participation of citizens, participation of lower classes in the organization, pursuit of practical public good, and administration that transcends time and space.

- In New Governance, the government is an applicant for corporate and civic activities and will pursue knowledge and information that values individual creativity.

- In e-governments with maximum accessibility through convergence, equal access to information and affordable universal services will be made easier.

- Social emotional intelligence refers to the ability to perceive and express emotions, absorb emotions into thoughts, understand and deduce emotions emotionally, and control emotions of oneself and others.

- Diversity means moving from a producer-centered society to a consumer-centered society, from a government with walls to a government without walls.

- The basic assumption of the master-agent theory is, first, human beings are rational, economical and seek self-interest. Second, the agent has more information than the owner, resulting in opportunistic attributes.

- To overcome reverse ‘select‘ion and moral hazard, technological progress, governance and new public-management assessments must become common.

- The level of administrative transparency should depend on economic standards and the degree to which the people who are consumers choose the data and information.

- In order to maintain a high level of administrative transparency in the expansion model, a bureaucrat‘s mind to provide active service is needed. and the will and ability of citizens to participate with mature civic awareness and interest in government policies are required.

- In order to ensure administrative transparency, a participation mechanism should be established in which citizen participation is fully guaranteed in the policy making process.

Part2. Future Smart E-Government Direction

- The future smart e-government will have clarifications of value-oriented points, re-lighting the role of information service officer, fundamental administrative innovation, and re-lighting of administrative work.

Part3. Smart Electronic Government and IT Ecosystem

- Cloud computing refers to the technology and service method that borrows various IT resources such as hardware and software over the Internet.

- The advantages of cloud computing include maximizing the efficiency of IT resources and reducing costs, and making IT resources available anytime, any‘where‘ over the Internet.

- Big data means information technology to utilize and analyze large data to extract valuable information, and to actively respond to or predict changes based on the knowledge generated.

- Strategies for implementing smart e-government using big data include establishing a promotion team for utilizing big data and securing major social and technical bases.

13주차(2)

Week 13 (2). Smart City

- Smart City has emerged to solve social problems caused by rapid urbanization.

- Smart City is a platform for enhancing the quality of life of citizens, enhancing the sustain ability of cities, and fostering new industries by utilizing innovative technologies in the era of the fourth industrial revolution.

- Korea‘s Smarty City policy developed through the U-City establishment stage, system linkage stage, and smart city stage.

- First, our government continued to create customized smart cities for each stage of urban growth. Second, both data and AI-based urban development and human resources development were carried out.

- Third, the smart city innovation ecosystem was established, including drastic regulatory improvements and the establishment of corporate and civic participation governance. Fourth, we have strengthened our global network.

- In order to build a smart city based on data and artificial intelligence, the government is promoting R&D, an innovative growth engine for smart cities that combines technology development and demonstration.

- Based on the data hub-based technology, R&D experiments with various Smart City solutions through Use Case models and Living Lab models.

- The Smart City Challenge is a new type of project that encourages active private participation and reflects the needs of local governments and citizens.

- Living Lab is a process of citizens finding urban problems, solving them with private smart technology, governance, and a key element for creating a people-centered smart city.

- The smart city integrated platform project is designed to increase the efficiency of urban management by linking various information systems operated individually by local governments to integrated platforms.

- It is enacting laws to support the entire process of creating and operating smart cities, and pushing for drastic regulatory improvements so that various innovative industries can be fostered.

- The government supports youth start-ups and incubating start-ups to create an innovative industrial ecosystem related to smart cities. and It is planning to push ahead with online solution market operation.

- In order to effectively implement smart city policies and projects, the government has established and operated a cooperative system with ministries, affiliated public institutions, and related agencies.

14주차(1)

Week 14 (1). Communication Lecture

- Don‘t be swayed by the changes of the world and go your own way.

- Knowledge should be handled by artificial intelligence and computers, while wisdom and creativity should be handled by humans.

- Based on Green New Deal‘s tripod theory, it should develop in a wise direction.

- Knowledge can be borrowed, but wisdom is not easy to borrow, knowledge accumulates, but wisdom must be built up by one‘s own efforts.

- Overcoming Corona 19 is community humanity, or love. Responding to community values and gratitude for distributing masks to veterans and overseas adoptees

- Three times the principle of life: there are one‘s share, organizational maintenance, and organizational development.

- Beginner‘s Three Principles: Greeting first, going to work five minutes ahead of others, and cleaning well.

- Using an artificial intelligence CEO reduces the chance of making mistakes in judgment rather than in humans.

- Let‘s model one‘s imagination into mathematics and operate a machine. Let‘s be AI-powered people.

- The road ahead is the era of agrarian society in the energy sector and the fourth and fifth industries in the technology sector.

- AI introduction should be considered in legal and budget deliberation.

- We must rise from a fast follower to first mover, and we must pool our wisdom and carve out a path wisely.

- The economy has shifted from a mass production and consumption economy to a subscription economy beyond a shared economy.

- When things don‘t go well, don‘t be too hasty and take it easy.

14주차(2)

Week 14 (2). Corporate-linked Independent Power Producers Long-term Field Exercise

- The recent economic downturn with Corona 19 has led to widespread anxiety, a contraction in the job market, conservative corporate management and a decline in job opportunities.

- As the job market shrinks, corporate recruitment is being scaled back, delayed recruitment schedules, delayed qualification exams and canceled job fairs.

- Measures to prepare for and cope with employment in an era of uncertainty should first be prepared for permanent response in case of unspecified opportunities.

- Second, prepare to adapt to changes in the situation such as irregular employment environment.

- Third, we should actively utilize the support system provided by governments, institutions and schools.

- Independent Power Producers is a practical industry-academic cooperation human resources development program in which universities and businesses work together to cultivate practical-oriented human resources needed at industrial sites.

- Through Independent Power Producers, companies can find and verify talented people early, reduce the cost of retraining new employees, and utilize creative high-quality human resources.

- Through Independent Power Producers, students can set directions for career design, improve their practical skills in majors, and strengthen their job competitiveness.

- Through Independent Power Producers, universities can expand field-oriented educational opportunities, resolve discrepancies between industries and universities, promote industrial cooperation and increase employment rates.

- Through Independent Power Producers long-term field training, one can choose a career that suits oneself by gaining experience in the field of a company.

- The placement of departments suitable for majors can enhance their working skills and enhance their job competency.

- Job skills can be improved through corporate life organizational adaptation training and communication training.

- Self-confidence can be improved by directly executing the volunteer process and field practice.