출석 및 과제점검표(재택수업 스스로 점검하기)

학과:행정학과

학번:21905109

주(날짜)	출석(당일)	지각(해당주)	결석(그이후)	과제	비고
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8주차 중간고사
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기말고사
과제1(2023.4.30)				O
과제2(2023.06.12)				O
계

이름:박지수

강의 요약 정리:

1주차(1)

Writing and listening are most important things in English. The first name of computer is electronic calculating machine. When it comes to memory, human cannot win computer. In information society, human‘s brain must be developed and we have to coexist with AI.

1주차(2)

We have learnt several different class individually but cannot integrate with these different knowledge. We don‘t need to stick to these classic paradigm of study. We have to train our brain for the better outcome of information society. These days, English became native language around the world. Humans learn technology from natural environment. Because fossil energy is exhausted, we cannot survive with just fossil energy.

2주차(1)

Recently, the interactive artificial intelligence ChatGPT is heating up the world. Now, the era has begun in earnest when machines can talk to people, and artificial intelligence can listen to people's stories and practice them. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence that can create sentences used by humans with a state-of-the-art language model developed by Open AI. Starting with ChatGPT, the development of AI that can generate human-like sentences begins in earnest.

2주차(2)

When the weather is hot or cold, people adjust it to make it easier to live by heating or turning on the air conditioner. However, excessive use of fossil fuels, including oil, has led to increased carbon emissions, causing the Earth's temperature to rise rapidly. Climate change makes life difficult for not only humans but also other species. The international community has been making various efforts to cope with climate change for decades, but its seriousness is growing, so it is urgent to prepare strong countermeasures.

We need to plan and practice and become better people. Each individual is precious and must develop by emphasizing his or her individuality. You have to go to college and study hard and constantly ask questions to make knowledge your own.

3주차(1)

Society is no longer sustainable and does not need a new paradigm for it.

We need a new paradigm for the sustainable development of humans and the planet to preserve the natural environment and advance development.

Public interest wind water refers to air pollution, water pollution, etc., and should be considered important in life. What are basic requirements for the students and Paradigm Shift? The first requirement of students is health physically and psychologically. What is the second requirement of students? Minimum Eight Hours Study. Most of students are part-time students. You should more than 20 hours every day for your future in order to recover the last university life in terms of study.

3주차(2)

It is very difficult to accurately predict how to change the current social structure in the knowledge and information society of the 21st century. However, just as the emergence of industrial society in the past dismantled the structure of traditional agricultural society and formed a new social system of mass production, mass distribution, and mass consumption, information society will essentially change our lifestyles in all aspects of politics, economy, society, and culture. An information society defined as a knowledge society, a network society, a flexible society, and a globalized society will provide infinite potential for development beyond the limits of industrial society.

4주차(1)

OpenAI announced GPT4 as a surprise. Since you can enter eight times more text at once than before, you can summarize much more extensive content, understand photos, and answer them, and even get overwhelming results from professional tests. It's based on RLHF to deliver tremendous performance, as well as quantifying significant improvements. Currently, ChatGPT Plus users are immediately available for chat services.

The transition from an agricultural society to an industrial society brought about a great change in human civilization. In order to understand social change and actively cope with social change based on it, it is necessary to accurately understand the nature and change process of the information society and act in accordance with the changed paradigm of the information society. The combination of computer and information and communication technologies has led to tremendous socioeconomic changes as the production, accumulation, processing, and delivery of information have improved.

4주차(2)

characteristics of information.

First, information is not lost by use. The more information is used, the more valuable it is. Therefore, there is no need to save information and it is important to use it a lot.

Second, it is possible to copy information. There is no distinction between the original copy and it can be produced at a very low price. Once information is produced, it is possible to reproduce it indefinitely according to the method of delivery, so it is possible to provide it indefinitely at the same price according to the method of providing it.

Third, the cumulative effectiveness of information. As information accumulates, its value or utility increases.

Fourth, information resources have the characteristic of non-transferability that does not disappear or decrease due to allocation, and rather, their value increases further as new users are created.

Fifth, the information is non-depreciation and no change in quality.

Sixth, Has the dimension in time, it is important in terms of time.

Seventh, the distinction between producers and consumers is ambiguous, and information plays the role of producers and consumers, and the quality or supply of information is determined by the ability, talent, and time of information producers.

5주차(1)

Major developed countries around the world recognize informatization as the most important measure of national development in the knowledge and information society in the 21st century.

Various promotional strategies are prepared for each field of society to speed up informatization. Major developed countries recognize information infrastructure as one of the most important social overhead capital to reduce social costs and enhance the benefits of people's lives in producing, exchanging, and utilizing various information. Recently, advanced countries are striving to build physical infrastructure such as national high-speed information networks based on the information society.

5주차(2)

Problems in Korean Education

First, due to over-competition, Korean education tends to be centered on exams. This culture causes excessive competition among students and causes excessive learning burdens.

Second, it puts an excessive burden on students.

Third, it often does not provide students with various creative activities. This method of education can hinder students' creativity.

Fourth, most Korean teachers are financially burdened, and some teachers do not provide enough attention to their students.

Fifth, Korean education has different educational opportunities depending on financial resources and regions. The question of fairness in education arises.

Sixth, Korean education often values competitiveness in employment. This is because they provide job-oriented education.

It takes time and effort to solve problems.

6주차(1)

GIS is a system that captures, stores, manipulates, analyzes, and displays geographic data, allowing you to visualize it in maps, reports, and charts to identify relationships, patterns, and trends.

A GIS system typically consists of three components: hardware, software, and data. Hardware is a device, such as a computer, scanner, etc., that is used to input data. The software includes GIS applications and is used to analyze and display data. Data consists of geographic data (maps, satellite images, etc.) and associated attribute data.

There are many advantages of GIS.

First, it provides a visual representation of data based on geographic location to help you understand geographic location. This helps you understand patterns and interrelationships based on geographic location.

Secondly, it is used in urban planning, resource management, environmental management, transportation, agriculture, disaster prevention, energy and many other areas. This allows you to solve problems and make optimal decisions in many areas.

Third, GIS provides spatial analysis, allowing you to perform complex analyses of geographic locations. This helps to understand spatial interrelationships, and is particularly useful in urban planning, transportation planning, and so on.

GIS is useful to support data analysis and decisions in a variety of fields, and helps you make optimal decisions through understanding geographic location information and spatial analysis.

6주차(2)

GIS devices include the following equipment.

A GPS receiver is a device that collects geospatial data by receiving a Global Positioning System (GPS) signal.

Map creation equipment is the equipment used to create maps based on geospatial data. The equipment includes computers, printing presses, and graphic displays.

Data collection equipment is a variety of equipment used to collect geospatial data. The equipment includes satellite photographs, aerial cameras, laser surveyors, surveying laptops, and noise meters.

GIS software is software used to store, analyze, and represent geospatial data. Typical GIS software include ArcGIS, QGIS, GRASS, etc.

In GIS, spatial data is represented as matrices, which are called rasters or grids. The raster has a grid structure in which each cell has a constant size, and uses the values of each cell to represent geospatial data such as terrain, temperature, and precipitation. Raster is suitable for representing the continuity of spatial data and is also effective in processing large geospatial data.

7주차(1)

You have to make constant efforts to improve. The old test was always a written test. But now many things have changed and developed. We are no longer in competition. As it is an information society, various artificial intelligence such as chat GPT should be used. You should develop the ability to use CHAT GPT well. When you study, you don't just think about the written test and put it in your head, but ask if you have any questions and furthermore, identify related contents through artificial intelligence. Furthermore, human resources can be filled by robots or artificial intelligence. There will be new jobs and new times for such leisure. People don't work, they care about other things, and robots have to work.

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중간고사

9주차(1)

The e-government is an information society, a knowledge information society, and a knowledge society that is a change in society. The function and role of the government have changed due to phenomena such as smart society, digital society, and intelligent information society. The effects of e-government on administration include citizen-centered services, information as a public resource, skills and relationships of new technologies, and changes in responsibility and management models.
General influences of ICT include digitalization of music/movies, online games, and new Internet culture in the cultural sector. In the social sector, there are onlineization of daily life, changes in communication methods, infringement of individual privacy, and loss of community/sense of belonging due to alienation and social exclusion/ deprivation. In the political sector, there is transparency and accountability in politics, the realization of electronic democracy, and the expansion of public participation. In the economic sector, information processing includes the foundation of product services, electronic transactions and electronic trade, and changes in management methods.
The effects of ICT on administration include changes in administrative demand, changes in citizens' lives, new social problems, strengthening support for companies to strengthen national competitiveness, and increasing administrative demand for culture.

9주차(2)

E-government improved the efficiency of processes within government agencies, and externally, increased government transparency, improved citizens' access to government information, enhanced cooperation and cooperation among government agencies, and eliminated other levels of boundaries. A vertical-horizontal integrated service was implemented between the government and citizens. The advantages of e-government include ease of access to public information, improvement of public services, and promotion of efficiency and effectiveness. Providing electronic democratic channels. There are help to promote natural resource management and improve citizens' trust in the government. With the development of the industrial revolution, the first is production mechanization using water and steam, the second is division of work with the help of electricity, the third is changing to the use of cyber-physical systems. The technologies of the 4th industrial revolution include big data, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and augmented reality.

10주차(1)

Business Process Reengineering (BPR) analyzes the overall flow of an enterprise's activities or operations, and optimally redesigns and structures the organization and businesses to meet management objectives. With the introduction of information systems, BPR has become very easy. This enables organizations to do their jobs in a more efficient and effective way. BPR requires organizational change and training of people because it is about disposing of existing practices and introducing new ones. However, successful performance of BPR can improve the competitiveness and productivity of the enterprise. The advantages of BPR are cost reduction, productivity improvement, customer satisfaction improvement, competitiveness enhancement, decision-making improvement, and organizational culture improvement. The disadvantages of BPR are resistance to organizational change, training costs of manpower, and risk. Reengineering is rejecting traditional wisdom and rejecting assumptions starting from the past. Reengineering is the search for a new organizational model for work. Traditions and practices matter nothing. Reengineering is a new beginning. For reengineering to succeed, you have to be a fantasist, a motivator. An improvement target of 5% or 10% for all work processes each year should be committed to achieving improvement levels of 50%, 100%, or more in several key processes. BPR is needed to respond to changes in the corporate environment, to reduce costs, to improve productivity, to improve customer satisfaction, to strengthen competitiveness, to improve decision-making, and to improve organizational culture.

10주차(2)

The Business Reference Model (BRM) is a model that defines a company's business functions and displays the relationship between business functions. BRM is used to carry out business process innovation activities such as business process innovation, business process management, business process automation, and business process improvement. BRM is a useful tool for understanding business processes and improving business processes. BRM can be used to analyze business processes and identify problems in business processes. You can also use BRM to improve business processes and improve the efficiency of business processes. BRM is a useful tool for carrying out business process transformation activities. BRM enables you to understand and improve your business processes. The basic purpose of the government functional classification system is to systematically classify the functions and activities of the government, establish a system to manage government policies and budgets, improve government efficiency and transparency, and effectively enforce government policies and budgets.  The expected effect of the government function classification system can effectively manage the government's policies and budgets by systematically classifying the functions and activities of the government. And by improving government efficiency and transparency, government policies and budgets can be effectively enforced, and government performance can be improved by effectively executing government policies and budgets. Since the business function linkage model (government function classification system) focuses on the unit work of the organization (administrative agency), there is a limitation in that it is insufficient to understand the overall business process. The benefits of BPM in the public sector contribute to improved resource management and integration of administrative operations, helping to align policies and strategies in operations, and continuing to improve services and quality and reduce costs.

11주차(1)

Electronic citizen participation is a way of participating in various fields such as politics, society, and economy by utilizing the Internet and digital technology. Various methods are being used to implement this. Below is an example of real life for the implementation of e-citizen participation.
The online voting system, in which citizens can vote through the Internet, is a representative example of electronic citizen participation. This makes it easy for citizens to vote at home, and results are processed quickly. These systems are used in various elections, and in addition to voting, they are also used for polling and collecting opinions.
Online discussion and discussion platforms are also representative examples of e-citizen participation. This allows citizens to exchange opinions and listen to other citizens' opinions through discussions. These platforms can be found in online communities, forums, social media, and more.
Citizen participation means that citizens directly participate and present their opinions on political, social, and economic issues. This is one of the core values of democracy, emphasizing the right and responsibility of citizens to participate and influence policies and decisions that directly or indirectly affect their lives.
Citizen participation comes in many different forms. In addition to participating in the election, there are referendums, national petitions, feedback from parliaments, parties, governments, and local governments, suggestions and opinions, policy review and uation, social movements, and protests. These participations are also made personally, collectively, and online.

11주차(2)

Electronic citizen participation plays a very important role in modern society. Electronic citizen participation provides a means for citizens to participate and express their opinions in various areas such as politics, society, and economy due to the development of the Internet and technology. This will enable citizens to participate more actively in democratic processes and influence governments and other organizations. The need for electronic citizen participation can be seen in many ways. E-citizen participation expands the possibility of individual citizens' participation, providing opportunities for various social groups to participate in decision-making and policymaking. This reflects various opinions and perspectives, and can promote diversity and inclusion in society. Electronic citizen participation promotes transparency and accountability. With the help of the Internet and technology, information sharing and access are made easier, and government and organizational activities are monitored and transparent. This can prevent corruption and fraud, and promote the efficient and transparent use of public resources.
In the era of intelligent information technology and digital transformation, as a task to revitalize electronic citizens' participation
First, in order to bridge the digital gap and revitalize electronic citizen participation, all citizens must be able to access and utilize digital technology. To bridge the digital divide, infrastructure development and educational opportunities are needed for low-income or low-digital access areas.
Second, security and personal information protection are very important because electronic citizen participation takes place through online platforms and digital services. Citizens should ensure that their personal information is secured and that they are safe from threats such as fraud and hacking in digital space. This requires a strong security system and regulation, education, and increased awareness.
Third, digital literacy education should be strengthened so that citizens can effectively utilize digital technology, analyze information, and have critical thinking. Citizens should have the ability to determine the reliability of information, analyze big data, and participate using digital tools.
Fourth, in order to promote electronic citizen participation, various channels of participation must be provided. Opportunities to engage in online discussion and decision-making processes should be provided through online platforms and apps. It is also necessary to provide opportunities for various citizens to participate through convergence with offline participation methods.
Fifth, it must be done in a transparent and open environment. Governments and organizations should share decision-making processes and data and enhance interactions with citizens.

12주차(1)

ICT is a technology that supports access and distribution of information (data) based on communication technology. According to this definition, the Internet, wireless networks, smartphones, and other communication media belong to ICT. Although it does not legally define information and communication technology itself, "information and communication" is defined as "a series of activities and means to promote information collection, processing, storage, search, transmission, reception, and utilization of information."ICT refers to a technology related to information processing from collection to utilization of information and a technology that supports a series of related activities. Currently, the scope of Internet-based information utilization technology is expanding to infinity, and all media in which digital information is generally distributed are broadly defined as ICT. Artificial intelligence, IoT, cloud computing, and blockchain, which have recently attracted attention as new technologies, can also be understood as advanced ICT in that they are close to the Internet and data.
Blockchain is a decentralized distributed ledger technology that is a way to safely record and manage data. By default, blockchain operates on a network with multiple computer nodes connected, and all participants share and update the same ledger. This distributed ledger does not require a central administrator, ensuring the reliability and transparency of your data.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network that allows everyday objects to be interconnected and exchange information by giving them Internet connectivity. The Internet of Things can monitor and manipulate things in real time using sensors, actuators, and communication technologies.
Big data means a very large and complex set of data. These data are generated from a variety of sources and come in a variety of formats and structures. Big data has the scale and diversity that traditional data processing tools can't handle, and it can be value-added through proper analysis and extraction.

12주차(2)

The public domain is a term used to refer to government, government agencies, or organizations or activities that provide public services. This area includes national, local governments, public institutions, the public sector, public organizations, etc. The purpose of the public sector is to pursue social interests and to promote the welfare and well-being of the people. The public sector is active in a variety of areas and aims to address and provide public services, for example, various social issues such as education, healthcare, defense, environmental protection, transportation, law enforcement, and finance. Governments and public institutions play an important role in the public domain. They promote the interests of the people and affect society as a whole through policymaking, law enforcement, provision of public services, and financial management. The public sector also works with various stakeholders, including public organizations, civil society organizations, and non-profit organizations, and strives for the successful implementation of public policy. The characteristics of the public domain are transparency, publicity, social responsibility, and legal regulation. This is an important principle to maintain public trust and ensure fairness and efficiency when the government and public institutions exercise power. Therefore, the public sector is an important area for the well-being of society and for the public interest, and attention and support are needed.
The implementation of intelligence in the public sector using ICT can appear in various forms. Build a Smart City: Using IoT (Internet of Things) technology and big data analytics, you can build a smart city that connects and integrates various aspects of the city to intelligently manage it. Energy efficiency, traffic flow optimization, and environmental protection can be achieved through smart grids, traffic management, environmental monitoring, and improvements to railways and transportation systems. Digital administrative services: Online services and e-government systems enable you to digitize and automate the work of public institutions to increase efficiency. Use e-government portals, online service applications and processing, electronic documents and electronic signatures to simplify service delivery and business processing and provide convenience to citizens.

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Community-tailored services refer to providing services tailored to the characteristics of the community and the needs of the residents. Community-tailored services are necessary to improve the quality of life of residents and promote the development of the community.  Due to the need for community-tailored services, e-government in the future should provide more active access to resident life services suitable for the lives of the people and local situations. As the socioeconomic environment changes, the people demand that various public services be provided in a more active way. As for the existing concept of regional informatization and problems, the concept of regional informatization is discussed in many studies as the national informatization project progresses. In order to define the concept of regional informatization more clearly, it is necessary to analyze the contents of regional informatization by dividing it into the subject of promotion, the goal of promotion, the target of promotion, and the strategy of promotion. The problem found in the existing concept of regional informatization is that it causes conceptual confusion because there is no such distinction.  Government 3.0 refers to citizens' active participation in government decisions and policies as sovereigns, and the government's provision of services tailored to citizens' needs and needs of citizens. Smart society refers to a society that improves the efficiency and productivity of society as a whole and improves the quality of life of citizens by utilizing information and communication technologies such as big data, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence. In the government 3.0 environment, local informatization refers to promoting the development of the region by providing informatization services tailored to the characteristics of the region and the needs of residents, and activating the participation of residents. Regional informatization offers the following benefits. Community-specific resident life support services are available to all local residents. Local residents can use this service regardless of age, gender, income, or residence. Community-tailored resident life support services are provided by utilizing various resources in the community. Community resources include residents, private organizations, and public institutions. Local residents can support this service in a variety of ways, including volunteering, volunteering, and donating. Private organizations can provide facilities and personnel to provide this service. Public institutions can provide financial and policy support to provide this service.

13주차(2)

The economic and social crisis caused by COVID-19 is spreading around the world, and the impact is calling for the overall reorganization of the way of life of urban people. Some economists predict that if the current situation is prolonged, there will be a more serious economic crisis than the 1998 financial crisis or 2008 financial crisis, and the global economic order will be reorganized. The slogan "If we unite, we live, if we disperse, we die" emphasizing the importance of integration has now entered an era of national crisis that sounds empty and "If we disperse, we live, and if we unite, we die" sounds like truth. As a result of watching Western Europe, the United States, and Japan, which have been recognized as advanced countries, fail to cope with COVID-19 in the early stages and control of the state, even objects to benchmark as excellent examples are missing. Solutions should be sought on the premise that infectious diseases such as COVID-19 do not end up passing by once, but can recur at any time, and can become diseases that will attack humans in more serious ways through the emergence of strains or new viruses. It should serve as an opportunity to re-examine the basic principles of urban planning and design, procedures and methods of project promotion, and civic participation, which have been taken for granted by experts as unwritten rules.  COVID-19 is putting the traditional participatory decision-making method of gathering various types of stakeholders in closed spaces such as public hearings, briefing sessions, discussions, and seminars to directly explain urban policies and development projects and make important decisions through discussions. Fulfilling the basic principles of urban planning, strengthening the role of the government, strengthening the role of the central and local governments, expanding consideration for the vulnerable to economic and social polarization, Starting with high-risk facilities, there is a full revision of the facility installation and operation standards first.

14주차(1)

There was the professor's last farewell lecture. I can borrow knowledge, but wisdom is hard to borrow, and knowledge is constantly accumulated, but wisdom is not. Therefore, you should always ask and accumulate questions with your own efforts through constant questions about what you like.Everything is on cell phones and computers. This is because artificial intelligence such as chatting is superior to us due to the information age. Knowledge can be borrowed, but wisdom is difficult to borrow, and knowledge is constantly accumulated, but wisdom is not. Therefore, you should always ask and accumulate questions with your own efforts through constant questions about what you like. In order to find our job, we need a human exploration of the present. The penetrating logic of social development is to model a person's imagination in mathematics and apply it to machines (robots). Be the person who drives AI. In the future, society develops into a wise or smart society, with those who dominate artificial intelligence (human unique ability: empathy and creative imagination), those who are governed by it, and those on the other side of the web.  Now, the economy shifts from a mass production and consumption economy to a subscription economy beyond a sharing economy. Ultimately, everything has to go smart. The subscription economy solves a lot of unused items in the house.

14주차(2)

I have at least 80 more years to live. Therefore, don't be too swayed by changes in the world and calm down. I only served as a knowledge messenger through online lectures for a semester, but due to various restrictions, I want to organize and share the contents with you today, so I hope you think about it and live a wise life. Am I smart? What about the online parliament? The introduction of AI should be considered in legal and budget deliberations. Untact industrialization is possible and will develop further, except for online testing of companies and making and sending physical objects by themselves. Ultimately, everything has to go smart. The subscription economy solves a lot of unused items in the house.
Life is called a marathon, but I think life is a mixture of short-distance, middle-distance, and marathon, and sometimes it takes a break and goes backwards or sideways. So don't be too impatient when things aren't going well and feel at ease that you might. To have a lot of work means to have ability. Don't complain about a lot of work, but admit and accept the difference from person to person.