행정정보체계론 출석 및 과제점검표(재택수업 스스로 점검하기)

학과: 행정학과

학번: 21706175

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기말고사
과제1(제출일자)				O(2021.04.14.)
과제2((제출일자)				O(2021.06.02.)
계

이름: 조은상

강의 요약 정리

1주차(1)

This class will be conducted as a non-face-to-face class due to Corona 19, and there is a possibility that it will be changed to face-to-face depending on the situation. Since it was the first hour, the introduction of the class was mainly made. Classes are conducted in two ways: LMS and Urban Information Center. In the case of classes, the website will be used mainly because it requires explanation, and the information center consists of a profile cyber lecture information country. In the case of profiles, detailed profiles are presented, and in the case of information countries, various information sites are organized as necessary during classes. In the case of cyber classrooms, it consists of syllabus, classrooms, assignment submission questions and answers. The system was built to fit the online era. For questions and answers, you have to take notes and upload the class contents.

In this lecture, we will focus on watching and listening rather than listening. Afterwards, the lecture will be uploaded in the form of a summary of the lecture contents. I will use listening, watching, and writing forms to enhance the class and effectiveness. In the first week, we are talking about the direction of the class. What is the lecture you take and need to think about studying? They argue that we should think about something. It also aims for open lectures. It will be a class that worries about changes in the information society.

1주차(2)

March 1st is a national holiday, so there is only one class.

2주차(1)

Due to the development of technology and science, the present era is the smart era.

However, machines change more smartly, and humans may not be able to keep up with them and may not change. Human cars collide with each other, causing traffic accidents, but unlike humans, anchovies, migratory birds, and bats have very low cases of collision. As a result, research is underway on how to attach sensors such as anchovies, bats, and migratory birds' eyes to self-driving cars.

What is smart? Only when concerns are preceded by fundamental problems, such as the , will you be helpful in studying and have an unwavering attitude. It is fund mental that answers these questions.

What is the development of sustainable development? Why should it be sustainable?

This is because fossil energy, which is currently mainstream energy, is no longer sustainable. Currently, most of the energy comes from the sun and the direction of sustainable development will be directed directly to the sun. Fund mental is to think and think in this direction, such as the development of artificial sun in France and the attachment of photosynthetic chip solar panels.

Studying does not end with listening as a lecture, but should be done in a convergent manner in various fields, such as listening, speaking, writing and writing and reading.

How can I get out of the lecture? The answer to the question is this class and will be solved by summarizing the class contents. It can be a continuous class only if students have a great meaning and are fierce, reflective, worried, and take a class.

2주차(2)

Summary

How should a person change when society changes in various ways? When society changes, people should also change. If a student is cited as an example, it can be said that a student develops his or her study methods and physical strength suitable for the information society. Although the house of information has changed to a phone due to the development of information, it will not benefit from the information society unless it has the ability to understand it on its own and use it to make its own ideas(recreate ability). As society changes, the most important thing is to change yourself.

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Chapter 2 How should people change when society changes in various ways?

How should people change when society changes in various ways, such as agrarian society, industrial society, and information society? When society changes, people should also change.

Before that, to find out the basic posture that students should have, the first student's position is to study, but the fact is that the body and mind should be healthy. The weakest point of Korean students is physical strength.

The second requirement is to study eight hours a day, which is the time to study the most. Also, the way you study should change. I will have to study according to the information age. Such concerns should continue. Concerns such as math movies should proceed.

Society changed from an agricultural society to an industrial society to an information society. The speed of delivery in each society is clearly different, and in the case of industrial societies, there is a limit to the paradigm of industrial societies due to the use of fossil fuels in energy. It is no longer a sustainable way.

There is no limit to the speed of information delivery in the information society. It is currently invisible, but information can be heard and viewed through the Internet. This information society is a society ‘‘where‘‘ information can be used through various media and places. But ‘‘where‘‘ is the house of such information? The house of information is the brain.

Later, it can be turned into a home for information through mobile phones, which are various and complex media through the Internet. However, the benefits of this information society will not be available unless it is understood and utilized. Therefore, they should have the ability to recreate information by themselves and make it their own ideas.

3주차(1)

Summary

It is very difficult for a person to keep up with the current society because it changes so fast. Thus, we must find the core of change. (fundamental) To date, tools are tools designed to improve human physical abilities. However, the tools of the information society are made to improve human brain capabilities such as computers and the Internet. Therefore, it should be recognized that computers and other tools are different. In other words, using computers well complements the lack of brains. Therefore, we need to think about the following. Is there a better system than democracy? You should have the ability to take classes, not take classes. College students should secure the ability to create information. It is important to practice creation.

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Chapter 3 New Paradigm in the Information Age

It is very difficult for a person to keep up with the current society because it changes so fast. The key point here is to find the core of change (fundamentals). What is the development of society? To date, tools are tools designed to improve human physical abilities. However, the tools of the information society are designed to improve human brainpower. Computers and the Internet are such examples. Therefore, it should be recognized that computers and other tools are different. In other words, using computers well complements the lack of brains.

Changes in industrial society have led to the mechanisms of mass consumption, mass distribution, and mass production, and have also created rational thinking of humans as the minimum and maximum costs. This achieved material abundance by recognizing nature as an object of conquest but accelerated the damage to nature.

Although most countries seek economic development, these activities have several negative effects, including air pollution and water pollution. At the same time, however, the inevitable mass unemployment is inevitable. Therefore, a new economic paradigm is needed.

Information society, on behalf of substances or energy so far, the value of information is relatively high, and economic and social activities revolve around the production and provision of information. But then we need to know what it means to be essential to the information society. Human society has faced problems of time and space, but due to changes in the information society, it has provided a clue to overcoming them. Online lectures are now lectures that are beyond time and space constraints and will change in this direction.

Will we be able to go back to normal after overcoming Corona 19? As much has changed, there is a high possibility that it will change in other fields. In administration, not only the establishment and uation of policies but also the process of administrative organization's operation and information provision will change in the Web manner.

Just as these lectures are also to develop human abilities, human abilities that are needed many times are different. In the information society, humans combine with computers to pursue new steps.

Informatization means any ability to change the social structure or system of industrial society and society as a whole to suit the logic and operation of the information society so far. It will also be necessary to have the skills and creativity of a new changing society accordingly.

Both the population structure and the industrial structure will change to the onggi structure, and the middle process will gradually disappear. Therefore, college students will have to go to the phase of the above process creativity. Information service is a social innovation movement to prepare for the 21st century.

Therefore, we need to think about the following. Is there a better system than democracy? You should have the ability to take classes, not take classes. College students should secure the ability to create information. It is important to practice creation.

3주차(2)

Summary

The world is expected to change a lot due to Corona 19. Therefore, we need to prepare ourselves for the changing future environment. People today will have to prepare a lot for the digital industrial era and society after that. Information and communication technology, combined with industry, began to make many changes in finance, distribution, education, transportation, and artificial intelligence. At the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, understanding the Fourth Industrial Revolution was set as the theme of the forum. The key to the era of the fourth industrial revolution is that AI and IoT technologies converge with people. Since the Internet of Things (IoT) believes that AI is included, preparing for changes in future societies requires the mathematical ability to coordinate such AI, and simple tasks will be solved by robots.

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Understanding the Fourth Industrial Revolution

The world is expected to change a lot due to Corona 19. Therefore, it should prepare itself for the changing future environment. People today will have to prepare a lot for the digital industrial era and society after that.

nformation and communication technology, combined with industry, began to make many changes in finance, distribution, education, transportation, and artificial intelligence. At the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, understanding the Fourth Industrial Revolution was set as the theme of the forum.

A total of four revolutions have come to the industrial base of mankind. The first is the mechanical revolution of steam engines in the 18th century, the second is power-based mass production in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the third is a computer- and Internet-based information and automation, and the fourth are based on the convergence of information and communication technology in the early 21st century.

Many technologies lead to this fourth industrial revolution. Among them, physical technologies that combine artificial intelligence and big data include 3D printing, robotics, and the development of new materials, while digital technologies include blockchain, cryptocurrency bitcoin, shared economy, and subscription economy. This results in cost savings and time-space constraints.

Artificial intelligence is a technology that implements human intelligence such as thinking and learning through computers. Conceptually, it is divided into strong artificial intelligence, a technology that has artificial intelligence that can think freely like humans, and weak artificial intelligence.

Big data, like the population of statistics, requires a large set of data to be large, and different data have different sizes and costs, making it difficult to unify. It is divided into various structured and unstructured data languages, which are called gastrointestinal data. Data collection and processing delivery for events are possible in real-time. It produces many changes from existing systems at scale diversity rates.

Internet of Things creates many changes by converging devices connected by wired and wireless Internet with mobile networks, clouds, and big data. 5G is a mobile communication technology that is at least 14 to 1300 times faster than conventional mobile communication technology.

It is a machine that has a similar appearance and function to a robot person or a machine that can work on its own. These robots may reduce the number of people employed, but be prepared with the ability to handle them.

Also, there is VR virtual reality technology, AR augmented reality technology, a manufacturing technology that creates three-dimensional objects by spraying continuous layers of materials, and technology that recognizes information using RFLD propagation.

4주차(1)

Summary

It is important to know the information society's knowledge, but it is more important to use it. We must be skilled in creating new things in the face of the information society. Understanding the nature of information is important because the concept of information changes as society develops. The information does not disappear by using it but rather increases in value. Information can be copied and the concept of digital economics can be created. Information is more valuable because it accumulates and does not degrade its use. Also, the information should be constantly updated to reduce value over time, and the distinction between producers and consumers is ambiguous. It is also necessary to think about the difference between car and computer technology. Korea is currently at a high level in terms of hardware, but low in terms of software and content. Therefore, to overcome this, it is necessary to create new jobs and lead an information society.

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Knowing the nature of information is important, but more importantly, understanding and acting on it. We need to know that we need to create new things for the information society. Computers are tools that are designed to complement the brain's ability, so you should identify and use them. The concept of information changes as society develops. The meaning of information as a message about something that affects the decision-making process with meaningful content used for the decision-making or action of an individual or organization can be divided into various definitions in terms of information dependence. This information is very important and understanding it is most important.

1 Information does not disappear just because it is used. Information is not depreciated as it is consumed but rather increases in value. Hardcover books disappear, but e-books do not.

2 Information can be copied. There is no distinction between the copy and the original and reproducible at very low prices. This led to the concept of digital economics. Market demand curves should be refreshed according to the marginal cost of production.

3 Information becomes more valuable as it accumulates.

4 Information resources have non-Lee Sung-hee characteristics that are not lost or diminished by distribution and increase in value as new users are created. Also, the information society must act.

5 Information does not depreciate or deteriorate. Information services can be stored, so they can be used continuously unlike human services. Human services should be provided repeatedly, but the information is already stored and does not need to be repeated. These human services are currently being replaced by artificial intelligence. Human beings must go into the realm of creation.

6 Information has a dimension of time. Once produced, the value of information decreases over time and must be updated continuously to maintain its value. The information produced later is not valuable and therefore producing information quickly is as important as producing good information. These characteristics are the factors that constantly change and develop information society.

7 Information is indistinguishable between producers and consumers, serves as both producers and consumers, and the quality of information is determined by the ability, talent, and time of the information producer.

Information, unlike ordinary goods, is not shaped and has the dependence on media in various forms, such as electronic documents, chat, voice, and burn, depending on the bowl. Also, there are several problems with illegal copying of information and ownership of information, ownership, social inequality between users of information and those who cannot use it.

There is a need to think about the difference between car and computer skills. Currently, South Korea is at a high level in terms of hardware, but a low level in terms of software and content. Therefore, to overcome this, we should create new jobs and lead the information society.

4주차(2)

Summary

This class is a class that reads and analyzes papers and should understand the process of asking questions in the paper and developing them afterward. The public information system is a possible information system used for the public and is available to both citizens and individuals. The paper states that the public information system can be analyzed in various aspects and plans and discussions in applicable fields will be presented. The public information system is mainly used in administration. In the paper, public management systems are mainly used in business administration. In the paper, these public information systems were divided into three stages: information package system, information retri system, an information processing system, but the mass distribution of computers made most of Olman's predictions wrong. The public information management system is used by public institutions in the public sector. The information system used in organizations used in private businesses seeking profit is the personal information system. Differences between the public and the private sector are also discussed in Rochelle's paper, but many questions remain that organizations affected by political groups have a public aspect.

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A public information system is an available information system for the public. Both citizens and individuals are likely to become users. Public information systems can be analyzed in many ways. Such plans and discussions on future research in applicable areas will be presented.

Public information systems tend to be used in administration and public management information in business administration. Public information systems can be defined as available information systems for the public. It can also be said to be a system designed for use by the general public. It was designed to be a system for the general public rather than a special organization or professional.

This public information system can be divided into three stages. The first is an information package system with minimal information sharing, including a flight reservation and book loan system. The second is a search system that shares information but does not process information, and the third is divided into information processing systems that share information as much as possible and process information. Olman predicts that the major impact of the information retri system will be on public education. Even if these technologies are commercially available, the public sector will have to provide them. However, the mass distribution of personal computers has made this year's prediction go awry. As information passed very quickly, what was predicted step by step changed meaninglessly. Considering the impact of the public information system over the past decade, it can be used for individuals, for citizens, for society as a whole.

The public information management system is used by public institutions in the public sector. The information system used by organizations in the field of personal business seeking profit is the personal information system. Differences between the public and the private sector are also discussed in Rochelle's paper, but many questions remain that organizations affected by political groups have a public aspect. It is important to understand the process of developing questions in the paper after their occurrence and subsequent development.

5주차(1)

Summary

With the development of the information society, the social structure will change rapidly and the middle field will gradually disappear. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the areas that will increase with the development of the information society. However, if there are more important concerns than these concerns, they are concerned about how they will change, try and pursue by the information society. The future information society is an era of convergence, and if previous studies have trained the brain, current studies have included areas for training artificial intelligence and computers in parallel. Artificial intelligence includes mathematical algorithms, so studying mathematics should be combined. We need to know how it works and how it affects the future of the information society. We should think about how the digital economy will come, the use of the Internet and economic activities will change, the spread of e-government and e-democracy and (위지통)democracy, and the product of information service society, such as information village. There are many things we need to think about now, such as how to manage and create an informatization village, and the possibility of the digital content business.

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Society changes continuously, but it does not change itself. One's change should come first. In this chapter, we will discuss how we should change ourselves in the information society. The development of information will lead to a change in the middle of the social structure. That is why we need to consider areas that will increase in the future.

If everything is decided by running 100 meters, is there any way for everyone to win first place? The answer to this is that each other goes their way. The transition in the information society is a strange field, so it is necessary to take a challenge. Mistakes will occur in this process, but if you stick to the basics, you are likely to deal with them. In the information society, it is determined by personal effort and ability. Also, individual direction, personality, ability, and creativity are different. Therefore, we should consider ways to cope with cooperation with humans.

So what is the new field? It is an era of convergence. Such an era will come when the existing ones are fused and developed. Traditional studies focused only on training one's brain, but now the existing brain and computer or artificial intelligence have expanded to training. Repeated mastery of this course will help.

You need to think a lot about your efforts or preparations for the change in the information society. It is important to acquire knowledge in the information society, but more importantly, it is a constant concern about whether you are acting according to the information society. Artificial intelligence has mathematical algorithms, so this study of mathematics should be combined. We need to know how the products of this information society work. With the advent of the digital economy, one must recognize the direction of change in the information society and go on one's path accurately. In the past, if infrastructure projects were invested in national development, the current infrastructure projects can be seen as information infrastructure construction. The information service plan is being pushed forward with a national concept. With the spread of Internet use and changes in economic activities, virtual cities and virtual reality on the Internet are forming and the world is connected.

Using information technology, the government and the people are more directly and democratically transformed, and the spread of e-government and e-democracy through the Internet can be called a (위지통)democracy. It will also require a lot of investment and effort in digital content. High-speed network pilot project for private enterprise-led content development through ‘‘‘select‘‘‘ion and promotion of information service leading projects (information village)

In the future, these informatization villages will gradually take place in many places. As such, it is important to know knowledge, but it is also important to think about how to create and manage such information villages.

5주차(2)

Summary

The public information system can be analyzed in various ways. It can be divided into pragmatic perspectives on the purpose and reason of the public information system, semantic perspectives on the contents of the system, and nationalistic perspectives on the construction of the system. Also, public information systems can be divided into service, information, and technology solutions. The public information system supports decision-making processes or case management tasks involving various types of actors as components of the information infrastructure. Public information systems will require access to data and can also reproduce data on their own in the process. By investigating and analyzing individuals' shopping frequencies, it is possible to analyze individual behavior patterns and provide information to individuals in advance by compiling them. Once information is properly organized and designed, it can be re-used from the generated information. This can improve the efficiency and quality of the processors. The use of information is endless and should have the ability to have, analyze, and utilize such data. As always mentioned, it is important to analyze and find new solutions with this information. Furthermore, a mathematical analysis of how these data are utilized in artificial intelligence is needed.

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We need to systematically analyze the public information system. The public information system can be analyzed from three perspectives. 1. Pragmatic perspective (about the purpose and reason of the public information system) 2. Semantic perspective (what is the content of the public information system) 3. Nationalistic perspective (how the public information system was constructed)

In terms of service, various public services (trade, industry, transportation, information retri) are used in daily life as basic services for education and management.

In terms of information, public or private databases, websites, libraries

In technology solutions, application software, operation systems, computer extensions, and exchange systems Internet intranets are seen so that geostatic data can be fused and used at the time of use.

This can be seen as a component of the underlying information infrastructure. The public information system supports decision-making processes or case management tasks involving various types of actors.

Public information systems will require access to data. These public information systems can produce information on their own. Data is generated in the process. The frequency of search engines is the same as being detailed and producing information on its own. If an individual's shopping frequency is investigated and analyzed, it is possible to analyze the individual's behavior patterns and provide information to the individual in advance by compiling them. Once information is properly organized and designed, it can be re-used from the generated information. This can improve the efficiency and quality of processors. The use of information is endless and should have the ability to have, analyze, and utilize such data.

Operational Data

Data for users or use cases, and data for processes or tasks that support public information systems. Collect information from external databases or other processes.

Rule data

Obtain information from laws and regulations and guidelines, separate rule processes, and design processes according to individual cases.

Analysis Data

Information is obtained from separate processes and information systems that support public information systems using statistics, indicators, and data for the quality of processors supported by public information systems.

Metadata

Data on the content, quality, etc. of other data are included in the data on bookkeeping. Information is obtained from the design and documentation process.

Processor data

It is utilized for reuse in existing processes as process data. Obtain information from data or operational processes that provide information about the functionality and performance of the process.

Archive Data

Stored, reusable data, extracted or generated by the operator, operator, or

Information is obtained from stored processes to reflect and document current processes for future use and analysis.

Although various categorizations are possible in many ways, the previous example is categorized in one way. As always mentioned, it is important to analyze and find new solutions with this information. Furthermore, a mathematical analysis of how these data are utilized in artificial intelligence is needed.

6주차(1)

Summary

In modern society, digital transformation is occurring. It is necessary to think about how you will change to fit the digital transition in line with this transition. The ability to switch this will also have to be prepared. Then, we need to know what changes with digital transformation. Education will change a lot in this transition. Education in the digital society needs knowledge education that will fill students with creativity and positive influence through changing from the existing competitive structure uation to the structure of cooperation. Under this transition, the government department was also scheduled to reorganize from system-centered e-government to a service-oriented digital information bureau. In this process of innovation, we need to know the need for data that fuses satellites, geographic information, and statistics. The key is to share coordinate values with satellite, geographic information, and statistical data and unify the data structure to enable integrated utilization at any time. In other words, it is important to create a framework of core data to make it easier to integrate and utilize. It is also important to understand and analyze the mathematical algorithms that can leverage this data and add them to their information platforms.

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The digital world will continue to change. These major changes can be described in various ways. But how will you change with this digital transformation? Worries about should come first. First of all, it is important to prepare yourself for the ability to change to fit the digital transition and transform this world into digital. Then you need to know what changes you make to fit the digital transition. It is changing through the digital transformation of education. A class in the knowledge system is needed. It should be changed to take excellent online classes and then to teach and discuss them directly. Also, creative education shall be provided by switching from uation of existing competitive structures to uation of cooperative structures. In this way, education should be transformed to create a new deal for education. Now hosting one's information platform should be a fundamental ability. Through this education, the final beneficiary of education in society by becoming the talent that society wants.

Even the government cannot escape the effects of digital transformation, so these government departments also need to reorganize digital transformation. According to the Ministry of Public Administration and Security's press release, it refers to the reorganization of the system-centered electronic government into a service-oriented digital information bureau. In the meantime, the Ministry of Public Administration and Security has limited organic linkage of policy establishment and enforcement in a rapidly changing digital environment, distributed to the government's data-related innovation office and the National Intelligence Service. Therefore, the Ministry of Public Administration and Security plans to create a foundation for intelligent government by integrating distributed data functions and establishing a department related to artificial intelligence through the previous reorganization.

In the process of innovation from electronic government to digital information service, big data can be analyzed using mathematical algorithms contained in artificial intelligence with big data, and the Internet of Things big data can be used. Moon Jae-in, the government amended Act 3, but data satellite, in addition to the need for data fusion, geographic information, statistics need to know. Major developed countries have begun to integrate satellite images and statistical data and are using it as country-based data. At the core of big data, it is important to share coordinate values with satellite, geographic information, and statistical data and unify the data structure so that integrated utilization is possible at any time. In other words, it is important to create a framework of core data to make it easier to integrate and utilize. These laws will also be included and integrated big data control towers from various governments will need to be built quickly. Big data, which combines these satellites, geography, and statistics, is the basis of the fourth industrial revolution and is a key national infrastructure to become a leading country.

6주차(2)

Summary

The geographic information system is one of the cores of the administrative information system. It is difficult to understand information without the understanding of these spaces because all information occurs in a particular space. Administrative information is also information included in big data, which should be understood as integrated or penetrating knowledge of various information. Big data should be used through mathematical algorithms along with artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things as a key element of the fourth industry. Data is also a crude oil for the fourth industry, and most decisions require data, so the importance of big data that combines satellite, geographic information, and statistics should be understood, but the understanding of the aforementioned space should come first. A geographic information system is a system that helps analyze and manipulate information related to software, hardware data, and people. GPS systems, fixed maps, and software packages are also included in the GIS. The geographic information system consists of the Lester method of mosaic via pixels and the Vector method consisting of points, lines, and faces. To make the geographic information system a system that can fuse various information, coordinate values should be shared in satellite data, geographic information data, and statistical data structures should be unified to enable integrated utilization at any time. This requires a basic law on the production, utilization, and analysis of big data and an integrated control center among related departments.

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The geographic information system is one of the cores of the administrative information system. It is difficult to understand information without the understanding of these spaces because all information occurs in a particular space. Administrative information is also information included in big data, which should be understood as integrated or penetrating knowledge of various information. Big data should be used through mathematical algorithms along with artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things as a key element of the fourth industry.

The key to the production of big data is to share coordinates with satellite data, geographic information data, and statistical data, so that data structures can be integrated at any time, and automatic analysis and prediction using real-time update artificial intelligence. This requires a basic law on the production, utilization, and analysis of big data and an integrated control center among related departments. Also, as crude oil for the fourth industry, most decisions in the information society require data, so it is important to understand the importance of big data that combines satellite, geographic information, and statistics. As mentioned earlier, however, understanding space should come first. I can tell you ‘where‘ geographic is, why it is, why it is relevant.

You should also understand local data scale data, data presentation. A geographic information system is a system of software, hardware data, and human-to-human systems that helps analyze and manipulate information related to location. GPS systems, fixed maps, and software packages are also included in the GIS. Most of the academic fields are spatially analytical. It is the fourth industrial age to fuse statistical information into the geographic information system and analyze it with artificial intelligence and make it available anytime, any‘where‘ through Wi-Fi. The geographic information system consists of the Lester method of mosaic via pixels and the Vector method consisting of points, lines, and faces. The geographic information system is a system that can fuse various information, which can be combined through the coordinate values mentioned above. Applications of these geographic information systems include geographic information databases, GPS, digital scan maps, field sampling, remote exploration, and aerial photography.

7주차(1)

summary

Major developed countries have been using satellite images and statistical data as national-based data since the 1990s. Therefore, it is important to unify the coordinate values of satellite data, geographic data, and statistical data, which are the key data of the data, and make it available at any time. In this context, we need to know the overview of the geographic information system. Information on geographic information systems is largely classified as location data, relative location data, relative location data in the model space, actual location data, and absolute location data in the multi-space area. In the case of characteristic data, it is divided into shape data, video data, and attribute data, and is called geospatial information by integrating these location data and characteristic data. For the shape data of characteristic information, six shape elements to describe the shape and annotation of the map are numerical descriptions of the map and specific map elements of the map, consisting of points, lines, faces, pixels, lattices, and symbols. For image information, data obtained from satellites or aircraft are quantified and entered; for attribute information, it represents the characteristics, relationships, and geographical location of map features. These geographic information systems have phase structures, such as points in space, lines, faces, and locations, regardless of quantity or size, connections are made from prom nodes to two nodes for connectivity, proximity, and area. In the case of an interview decision, it is a representation of the area determination made by connecting lines.

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Major developed countries have been using satellite images and statistical data as national-based data since the 1990s. Just as airports and road ports are the basic infrastructures of the Third Industrial Age, the underlying infrastructure of the digital age consists of the Internet and data. As such, our current activities all leave data, so we need to unify the coordinates of satellite data geographic data statistical data, which is the key data of these data, and make it available at any time. To this end, a basic law on big data should be enacted and an integrated big data control tower should be established at these data demand institutions, national satellite centers, national geographic sources, data suppliers, and government sites.

In this context, we need to know the overview of the geographic information system. The data in a geographic information system is a set of facts or numbers representing the real world and information is a meaning derived from one data that enables new information to be produced. The types of information can be divided into location data and characteristic data, which can be divided into relative location data and relative location data in the model space, actual location data, and absolute location data. In the case of characteristic data, it is divided into shape data, video data, and attribute data, and is called geospatial information by integrating these location data and characteristic data. For the shape data of characteristic information, six shape elements to describe the shape and annotation of the map are numerical descriptions of the map and specific map elements of the map, consisting of points, lines, faces, pixels, lattices, and symbols. Information obtained from satellites or aircraft is entered by quantifying information on images or photographs, and in the case of attribute information, it represents the characteristics, relationships, and geographical location of map features. Geographic data in geographic information systems distinguish mosaics from Leicesters using units and vectors implementing lines and faces through points.

There is a phrase structure in these geographic information systems, indicating the shape, location, and relationship for the points, lines, faces, and locations in space, regardless of quantity or size. These topological structures divide the spatial topological relationships between a series of topographical elements into determinations of connectivity, proximity, and area to connect from a prom node for connectivity, adjacent faces, and faces, and marked as right and left poly. In the case of an interview decision, it is a representation of the area determination made by connecting lines.

7주차(2)

This class ended with a guide on the location and time of the midterm exam and how to write the assignments.

Test location: See text messages due to division.

Time: Monday at 13:30

8주차(중간고사)

9주차(1)

summary

Due to the development of information and communication technology, society has changed and information has changed accordingly. All sectors of society have undergone changes and the government has also changed accordingly. Changes in existing functions and roles occurred as governments changed. As a result, the electronic government was created due to the development of information and communication technology, management revolution, and government innovation. The traditional bureaucracy paradigm and the e-government paradigm make a difference in many ways, depending on the development of the Internet, the development of www, and the development of information and communication technologies such as mobile Internet access. Unlike traditional bureaucracies, which focus primarily on efficiency, e-government will focus on flexibility and user satisfaction, and there will also be a major shift in the basic paradigm, such as the emphasis of horizontal or networked organizations under existing vertical control. The development of existing information and communication technologies has created more specific effects, such as changes in administrative demand, changes in citizens' lives, new social problems, strengthening support for companies' national competitiveness, and increasing administrative demand for culture.

For society to change very significantly and take the initiative due to the development of information and communication technology, it is necessary to have the ability to create a job on its own that can use computers to arm itself.

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Society has changed variously due to the development of information and communication technology. As a result, information also changed and changes occurred in all areas of society. As a result, the government also changes with this trend. Due to these information and communication technologies, society has emerged as a society in various forms and names, such as information society, knowledge and information society, digital society, knowledge society, and smart society. In line with this, changes in the function and role of the government are emerging. In the case of e-government, e-government occurred due to the technological development of information and communication, the management revolution, and the impact of government innovation. The development of information and communication technologies has led to changes such as the development of the Internet, the development of www, and mobile Internet access. Compared to the traditional paradigm of bureaucracy, the e-government paradigm focuses on flexibility and user satisfaction, unlike bureaucracy, which focuses on efficiency in making differences in various areas.

It will also have horizontal or networked organizations under the control of the existing vertical layer. As such, there will be a major change in the basic paradigm. Various changes occur in culture, politics, economy, and society due to the influence of information and communication technology. Not only this, but it also generated more specific effects such as changes in administrative demand, changes in citizens' lives, the outbreak of new social problems, strengthening support for companies to strengthen national competitiveness, and increasing administrative demand for culture. After the fourth industrial revolution develops technology and changes its socio-economic structure, the functional role of administration changes, a cyclical structure consisting of the redesign of e-government and information policy occur. The advent of e-government will have implications such as information as a citizen-centered service public resource, skills and relationships of new technologies, accountability, and change in management models. In particular, information as a public resource includes big data integrating satellite, statistics, and geographic data, and the importance of e-government is also high as the crude oil of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

For society to change very significantly and take the initiative due to the development of information and communication technology, it is necessary to have the ability to create a job on its own that can use computers to arm itself.

9주차(2)

summary

Electronic government generated by information and communication technology has a great internal and external impact on government agencies and a significant impact on the relationship between citizens and governments. In addition, the Fourth Industrial Revolution will reduce the number of middle-class jobs in the existing job structure and gradually increase the number of upper-class jobs. It is important to promote e-government, but there is a limit to the current e-government. As mentioned before, restructuring will be inevitable due to e-government. In addition, there is also a lack of political and financial support. The existing Fourth Industrial Revolution is a development that generated various technologies and led modern society to a great extent. Then we must consider what will be at the end of this revolution in the fourth industry. It can develop in an existing technology-critical society and become a wise society ‘‘where‘‘ environment and morality coexist, or rather a society ‘‘where‘‘ the environment is destroyed and social gaps widen by emphasizing only intelligence and technology. If the existing e-government is a technology-critical society, the new e-government is a form of e-government in which technology and society mutually develop through democracy through collective participation that fuses participation in these technologies. To implement this new e-government, it is necessary to transform new intelligent information technologies from existing administrative services to develop into wisdom-based e-government. Now, the ability to improve direct administrative services will be necessary to operate in society. The existing job structure will have to have such an ability to reach higher positions in a job structure that is divided into lower and upper positions and divided into two.

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The electronic government generated by information and communication technology has a significant internal and external impact on various government agencies. Within government agencies, interconnections between departments and departments and agencies are facilitated and the efficiency of government internal processors is improved. In the external transformation of government agencies, it can be seen as transparency of government, citizens' access to information, increased cooperation and cooperation of government agencies, and the disappearance of boundaries between government agencies. In addition, the relationship between government and citizens changes from vertical to super-integrated services. There will also be a gradual decline in the middle, or occupational structure, and an increase in senior managers. Human beings seek the benefits of e-government because they seek the benefits of e-government benefits. However, there are limitations to this e-government drive. Because e-government is a form of structure that does not require middle management positions, changes in human structure will inevitably occur. In addition, various factors can be divided into a lack of political and financial support. Therefore, these factors must be overcome and transformed into an information society.

If you look at the characteristics of the change in the Fourth Industrial Revolution, various technologies are divided into digital, real, and virtual clocks. Technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence, sensor lang, advanced materials, energy storage, quantum computing, cloud services, 3D printing, and neural technology will occur. Then we should think about ‘‘where‘‘ the end of this change in the fourth industrial revolution will be. Education should decide whether we will develop into a wise society and ensure morality and environment, or a society ‘‘where‘‘ only intelligence and technology destroy the environment and the gap is widening.

The Fourth Industrial Revolution is a continuation of the Third Industrial Revolution that leads to the introduction of the Internet of Human Things, the convergence, and the acceleration of the initial information processing improvement and automation. The technology of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is the technology of the first resolution, which will lead to a society ‘‘where‘‘ all things are connected.

The Fourth Industrial Revolution can develop into creative and intelligent e-government due to the expansion and deepening of connectivity, the activation of sharing, versatile and smart citizens, and the deepening vigilance and competition. If the existing e-government is a technology-critical society, the new e-government is a form of e-government in which technology and society mutually develop through democracy through collective participation that fuses participation in these technologies. To implement this new e-government, it is necessary to transform new intelligent information technologies from existing administrative services to develop into wisdom-based e-government. Now, the ability to improve direct administrative services will be necessary to operate in society. The existing job structure will have to have such an ability to reach higher positions in a job structure that is divided into lower and upper positions and divided into two.

10주차(1)

Summary

There is a need to redesign the process of various systems that make up the existing e-government so that citizens can use it conveniently. In addition, fundamental changes are needed in the way existing organizations work or in the process of handling tasks to always make them competitive. This is related to the individual, excluding the organization. This change is called reengineering and is essentially thinking about and fundamentally redesigning key processors to achieve dramatic improvements in business processes such as quality cost and service speed. At the same time, it is a way to fundamentally redesign the organization's work innovation methods, existing work processing methods, and organizational structures suitable for environmental changes to ensure competitiveness through changes in existing work processes. It is difficult to say this process easier, but when it comes to this orientation, it can be said that it is a process of preparing for work more conveniently for citizens to use. Therefore, it shall be changed to a form that is conveniently used by citizens and existing information and communication technologies shall be utilized well. However, you should have the ability to use this knowledge in practice, not just as knowledge. Through this redesign of business processes, information communication can be used to explore new opportunities, secure organizational competitiveness, customer-centered administration, and change the administrative environment. This redesign of work processes is changing differently from traditional work. However, business process redesign requires understanding the influential factors of information and communication adoption, communication between participants, design of changes, creativity proposal atmosphere, cultural and behavioral factors. Understanding this knowledge is also important, but it is important to make it your ability to utilize it and to use information and communication technologies to make it your ability.

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It is a story that is often mentioned in lectures, but in fact, the knowledge that is currently covered does not remain only knowledge, but the ability to utilize and process it is necessary. Existing school content focuses on knowledge-oriented education, but more importantly, the ability to utilize it, whether it is knowledge in the existing head or external knowledge, is important.

There is a need to redesign the process of various systems that make up the existing e-government so that citizens can use it conveniently. To ensure the competitiveness of existing organizations, fundamental changes are needed in the way they work or in the process of handling tasks. This is related to the individual, excluding the organization.

This change is called reengineering and is essentially thinking about and fundamentally redesigning key processors to achieve dramatic improvements in business processes such as quality cost and service speed.

It is a redesign of fundamental concepts such as organization's work, process structure, information systems, and organizational values, and a new and fundamental redesign of the organization's work innovation methods.

It is a process of preparing for work more conveniently for citizens to use. This redesign of work processes is a circular structure with information and communication technologies. The goal of redesigning these business processors is to increase customer value, reduce costs, and improve strategic management competitiveness

Article 48 of the Electronic Government Act stipulates that appropriate work of information and communication technology should be redesigned and implemented. This should make citizens work more effectively. However, with these regulations, it is difficult to identify visible forms. We need to understand and utilize the characteristics of information as an information society.

In the case of redesigning such work processes, new opportunities can be sought through information communication, the competitiveness of organizations, and changes in the customer-centered administration and administrative environment. It is changing differently from traditional work by redesigning work processes. This results in a variety of expected effects. Representatively, there are increased efficiency of the organization, changes in decision-making methods, changes in organizational structure, activation of functions to support decentralization, and enhanced transparency in accountability. Considerations exist in the promotion of redesigning these business processes. Because of the need to change the existing human structure, we need to understand the impact factors of information and communication adoption, communication between participants, design for change, creativity proposal atmosphere, cultural and behavioral factors.

For this success, the attention and support of top managers and the education and communication of members are important.

It shall be changed to a form that allows citizens to use conveniently, and existing information and communication technologies shall be utilized well. However, you should have the ability to use this knowledge in practice, not just as knowledge.

10주차(2)

Summary

BPM is a type of reference model for clarifying the linkage between functions of ministries and facilitating joint use and cooperation of information in informatization and related tasks. It is a model that establishes and operates an information service system to support electronic processing of functions classification of government affairs and to expand joint use of linked information.

We need to think about how these government functional classification systems will be classified through electronics. The expected effects of this framework are as follows: Based on information sharing, the foundation for horizontal cooperation between ministries is laid, the foundation for securing continuity in administrative affairs, the foundation for continuous efficiency in business processing, and efficient management tasks are laid.

This system also allows for efficient identification of work and performance processes, providing a seamless foundation for public services, providing a practical blueprint for the next generation of electronic local governments, and providing multi-dimensional information on the function.

Students need to have this programming ability because the use of artificial intelligence in the existing functional classification system of government affairs is high. In other words, the education of existing universities is very insufficient. Successful development in future societies requires reconstruction in these areas.

Understanding and studying existing business process redesign and business models are also important, but it is also important to develop computing power to do such lien jailing. In the existing curriculum, this may not be sufficient for this education. You should create your homepage and develop the ability for databases to use it as a network.

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Understanding and studying existing business process redesign and business models are also important, but it is also important to develop computing power to do such leen geo-learning. In the existing curriculum, this may not be sufficient for this education. You should create your homepage and develop the ability for databases to use it as a network.

BPM is a type of reference model for clarifying the linkage between functions of ministries and facilitating joint use and cooperation of information in informatization and related tasks. It is a model that establishes and operates an information service system to support electronic processing of functions classification of government affairs and to expand joint use of linked information.

We need to think about how these government functional classification systems will be classified through electronics. The expected effects of this framework are as follows: Based on information sharing, the foundation for horizontal cooperation between ministries is laid, the foundation for securing continuity in administrative affairs, the foundation for continuous efficiency in business processing, and efficient management tasks are laid.

This system also allows for efficient identification of work and performance processes, providing a seamless foundation for public services, providing a practical blueprint for the next generation of electronic local governments, and providing multi-dimensional information on the function.

Students need to have this programming ability because the utilization of artificial intelligence in the existing functional classification system of government affairs is high. In other words, the education of existing universities is very insufficient. Successful development in future societies requires reconstruction in these areas.

These linked models have limitations, which do not include work process information, lack dynamic work component reflection, and are top-down information systems that focus on the organization's unit work, which has limitations in identifying the overall work process.

These BPMs focus on continuous improvement of processes from a cross-functional perspective to restructure tasks in the management of organizational business processes from a business process perspective. It is also part of a business innovation methodology that enables organic integration of entire business processes within and outside the organization, as well as ways to increase productivity and enterprise business integration through automation, acceleration, and visualization of the organization's business processes.

BPM is an innovative method of intelligent or automated management of all processes associated with an organization's work and includes the entire organizational strategy required for process sharing and integrated management within the organization. While these BPBs are conventional reference models, reengineering has the difference of fundamental redesign.

The public sector of these BPMs is increasing day by day. A case in point for this BPM is the success of a single window of work in an existing local administration center. Originally, it should be done by stopping by various administrative centers, but now it can be solved by exchanging information rather than people at a single window. Further development can result in administrative services being provided at home and on mobile. Finally, to receive such administrative services, the government can develop into a form of self-solving through existing information. Modern society is a technology-driven society, and this technology is very important, so it is important to have technology that can be used in practice.

11주차(1)

Summary

Due to the development of information and communication technology, civic participation, such as national petitions, will be further expanded to become a citizen-led society. Society has also come to make direct democracy possible, which was impossible in the past. Even class presidential elections are possible through the election commission's services. When we look at the meaning of citizen participation, it is an essential element in the governance structure, which has the nature of citizens' sovereignty and rights citizens' choice autonomous decentralization. However, one might wonder if there is a need for democracy. The democratic premise is that no one else can make the right decision. However, there is a need to think about whether such a premise is right or whether the majority of opinions are right. The need for civic participation is a fundamental point that does not necessarily have to be discussed. In addition, civic participation can provide various civic, public, social capital, social justice, equity, fairness, and expected effects. Ethics is the foundation of society, so society can move more properly. Law and public power are also important, but we need to think more about the value of morality. For society to develop, it must become a society that can be solved by morality before the law. For the advancement of e-government, electronic civic participation must be included to ensure the efficiency and efficiency of back-office functions, customer orientation, democracy, and transparency of the front office. In addition, understanding these concepts of back-office and front-office accurately and various services of back-office in e-government society will become important. The benefits of electronic civic engagement are like automobiles. Electronic civic participation is right, but it is accurate to say that there are some disadvantages to it. To revitalize electronic civic participation in the policy-making process, the first information needs to be trained and the second is to expand the network. In the future, as electronic civic participation expands, the need for platforms to manage it is increasing. Therefore, one should have the ability to study this understanding and use it in the back office of e-government.

Full text

Due to the development of information and communication technology, civic participation, such as national petitions, will be further expanded to become a citizen-led society. Society has also come to make direct democracy possible, which was impossible in the past. Even class presidential elections are possible through the election commission's services.

When we look at the meaning of citizen participation, it is an essential element in the governance structure, which has the nature of citizens' sovereignty and rights citizens' choice autonomous decentralization. However, one might wonder if there is a need for democracy. The democratic premise is that no one else can make the right decision. However, there is a need to think about whether such a premise is right or whether the majority of opinions are right. The need for civic participation is a fundamental point that does not necessarily have to be discussed. Social sharing value can be created by revitalizing civic participation. Citizenship and government have collaborators and co-creators and public citizenship. Benefits such as trust, social capital, social justice, equity, and fairness exist. Ethics is the foundation of society, so society can move more properly. Law and public power are also important, but we need to think more about the value of morality. For society to develop, it must become a society that can be solved by morality before the law.

Due to the development of information and communication technology, civic participation is also changing to the concept of electronic civic participation. From basic mobile applications to including networks, the range is becoming even wider. For the advancement of e-government, electronic civic participation must be included to ensure the efficiency and efficiency of back-office functions, customer orientation, democracy, and transparency of the front office. In addition, understanding these concepts of back-office and front-office accurately and various services of back-office in e-government society will become important. In addition, the relationship with civil participation in e-government is classified as a bystander, networker, individual and surrogate. It can be argued that this need for electronic civic participation is the quickness and interactiveness of participation in overcoming spatial participation constraints in securing access to the government. The benefits of this electronic civic engagement are the same as the development of automobiles. Electronic civic participation is right, but it is accurate to say that there are some disadvantages to it.

There is one difference in the electronic policy-making process from the previous policy-making process. It is possible to analyze and compress the situation in real-time and add it to the policy-making process. There is a consideration in the policy-making process, which is a matter of representation and equity of opinions, which must be considered. To revitalize electronic civic participation in the policy-making process, the first information needs to be trained and the second is to expand the network.

In the future, as electronic civic participation expands, the need for platforms to manage it is increasing. Therefore, one should have the ability to study this understanding and use it in the back office of e-government.

11주차(2)

Summary

Electronic citizen participation can be said to be the most active area with the development of the Internet. Electronic governance is emerging because so-called governance is a politics in which citizens can participate, not a government-only politics, but a politics in which they must cooperate with business groups and citizens. Electronic civic participation is appearing in the form of providing information to the government and citizens, helping them make policy decisions, or consulting with the government and citizens. Electronic citizen participation occurs simultaneously online, so there are many ambiguous areas in various fields. Key tools in this electronic engagement exist in a variety of ways, such as chat rooms, bulletin boards, and virtual community electronic panel electronic petitions. Knowing these instrumental values is important, but you need to have the ability to do them. It must have the practical ability to use weapons. Convergent thinking is important in the present society. Therefore, it is also important to have such convergent thinking. To revitalize electronic civic participation, it is generally to form legal, policy, and institutional frames, practice electronic civic participation methods, prepare tools and introduce new information and communication technologies. It is important to make these information and communication technologies practical. We need to make the people have the ability to understand and do it. The components of digital competence will have to be in place. Interest in the phenomenon, change and improvement of the world, computing thinking, information thinking, connective thinking, design thinking holidays, collaboration, public interest thinking, community, citizenship, global thinking, convergence, creativity, empathy, problem development, and technology in the world. In addition, technicality must converge with the administration to gain computing power. Just as practical tests are important in driver's license tests, they must perform their tasks with such abilities and capabilities. The challenge for the activation of electronic citizen participation in the era of intelligent information technology and digital transformation is that there is no practical ability that many citizens know theoretically. Just as only theoretical tests exist in the existing civil service examination, the actual ability to use them is important in the future.

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Electronic citizen participation can be said to be the most active area with the development of the Internet. The so-called governance is a politics that requires cooperation with business groups and citizens, not with the government alone, and electronic governance is emerging as a political period in which citizens can participate. The participation model can be divided into electronic management models, electronic warfare bureaucratic models, electronic civic participation models, and electronic proxy models, depending on the degree of expertise in administrative affairs and the importance of political judgment. This electronic civic engagement appears in the form of providing information to the government and citizens, helping them make policy decisions, or in consultation with the government and citizens.

Electronic citizen participation occurs simultaneously online, so there are many ambiguous areas in various fields. The area of electronic participation is ambiguous but specifically divided into information provision, community formation, and cooperative environment, consultation, campaign, campaign, deliberation, discourse, mediation, spatial planning, opinion polls, and voting.

Key tools in this electronic engagement exist in a variety of ways, such as chat rooms, bulletin boards, and virtual community electronic panel electronic petitions. It typically uses parts such as webcasts, search tools, web portals, and groupware tools. However, it is important to be aware of these instrumental values, but you must have the ability to do them. It must have the practical ability to use weapons. Convergent thinking is important in the present society. Therefore, it is also important to have such convergent thinking.

To revitalize electronic civic participation, it is generally to form a legal policy and institutional frame, prepare electronic civic participation methods and practice tools, and introduce new information and communication technologies. More importantly, however, it is important that these information and communication technologies can be utilized in practice. We need to make the people have the ability to understand and do it. There will have to be confidence in electronic services and stability, quality and services, and in electronic government.

Motivations and obstacles to electronic civic participation exist in a variety of ways, including expectations of adopting opinions, political efficacy through electronic civic participation, anonymity handling, privacy protection, increased user access, and user convenience. Obstacles include budget, technology officials, stability issues of upgrades, stereotypes of government websites and portals, a lack of software solutions designed to support electronic participation, and a sense of waste of participation.

It will also have to be a component of digital competence. Interest in the phenomenon, change and improvement of the world, computing thinking, information thinking, connective thinking, design thinking holidays, collaboration, public interest thinking, community, citizenship, global thinking, convergence, creativity, empathy, problem development, and technology in the world. In addition, technicality must converge with the administration to gain computing power. Just as practical tests are important in driver's license tests, they must perform their tasks with such abilities and capabilities.

If you look at a website called Democracy Seoul, you can find examples of participation in electronic poetry only. It can also be found on a site called Suwon Manmin Square. Together, these sites should come to a society ‘where‘ information can be provided in real-time. Overseas, examples such as electronic policy-making sites in the United States and electronic petitions in England and Scotland can be found.

The challenge for the activation of electronic citizen participation in the era of intelligent information technology and digital transformation is that there is no practical ability that many citizens know theoretically. Just as only theoretical tests exist in the existing civil service examination, the actual ability to use them is important in the future.

12주차(1)

Summary

Information and communication technology is a technology that supports access and distribution of information based on communication technology, and the Internet, wireless networks, smartphones, and other communication media belong to information and communication technology. Information and communication technology is a technology related to information processing from information collection to utilization. In addition, the range of Internet-based information utilization technologies has been expanding to an infinite extent recently and is close to the Internet and data such as artificial intelligence, IoT, clouding computers, and blockchain, which have recently attracted attention as new technologies.

With the Fourth Industrial Revolution, modern society is facing an era ‘where‘ knowledge and information in various fields are shared and linked beyond existing boundaries, as well as creating new values through convergence between technologies. This innovation is expected to be the driving force behind social issues as well as industrial reorganization and economic growth. But we need to think about new values beyond the development of these technologies. We need to think about values such as wisdom democracy, ‘where‘ morality previously mentioned coexist.

Artificial intelligence is an intelligent technology that implements some or all of human intelligence using computers, which processes information acquired through the Internet of Things and big data to generate models and supplement models through repeated learning. Simulation can be used to improve one's level of perfection. The center of artificial intelligence is mathematics, which processes and analyzes various information through mathematics.

Blockchain technically means a distributed, encrypted connection and stored data chain with information about transactions and contracts, which is a technology in which bricks they have are encrypted and connected. The Internet of Things is the foundation technology leading the Fourth Industrial Revolution, and it is a new communication environment that can be connected to anything anytime, any‘where‘, with sensors and computing on things and connecting the Internet to enable data interaction.

In line with the diversifying society, we should expand our scope in society by studying what is in our heads and increasing our ability to utilize technologies such as artificial intelligence.

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Information and communication technology is a technology that supports access and distribution of information based on communication technology, and the Internet, wireless networks, smartphones, and other communication media belong to information and communication technology. Although the information and communication technology itself is not legally defined, it falls within a very wide range under the National Framework Act on Informatization. Information and communication technology is a technology related to information processing from information collection to utilization. In addition, the range of Internet-based information utilization technologies has recently expanded to infinity, and generally broadly defines all the media that distribute digital information.

It is an advanced information and communication technology, citing its close connection with the Internet and data such as artificial intelligence, IoT, clouding computers, and blockchain, which are recently attracting attention as new technologies. Information intelligence is being used in a variety of ways. Intelligence information technology defines advanced information and communication technology as a technology that combines artificial intelligence technology and data utilization technology to implement human high-dimensional information processing capabilities in machines. Artificial intelligence is an intelligent technology that implements some or all of human intelligence using computers, and data utilization technology is a technology that collects, stores, and processes data, and includes a variety of technologies. It is a measure of how advanced information and communication technologies have been through IOTs that collect data in real-time, mobile technology that can collect data on the go, clouding computing that integrates data collected from various computing digital devices.

The Fourth Industrial Revolution is triggered by technological innovations through convergence with technologies in physics and biology such as 3D printing, nanotechnology, biotechnology, materials engineering, energy storage technology, and quantum computing. In other words, knowledge and information from various fields are not only shared and linked beyond existing boundaries, but also creating new values through convergence between technologies. This innovation is expected to be the driving force behind social issues as well as industrial reorganization and economic growth.

But we need to think about new values beyond the development of these technologies. We need to think about values such as wisdom democracy, ‘‘where‘‘ morality previously mentioned coexist. It also aims to promote the advancement of public institution services through information and communication technology-based public service promotion projects every year, while providing additional effects such as creating demand for new technologies and providing the utility of the legal system.

Artificial intelligence technology is represented by learning and reasoning situations, language comprehension, technology comprehension, visual comprehension, cognitive and recognition technologies, and artificial intelligence processes information acquired through the Internet of Things and big data. Simulation can be used to improve one's level of perfection. The center of artificial intelligence is mathematics, which processes and analyzes various information through mathematics.

Blockchain technically means a data chain that is connected and stored with information about transactions and contracts encrypted on distributed ledgers, and in a broad sense, is a distributed ledger network and accompanying technology that enables programs to self-execute without a central server. To put this simply, it is a technology in which bricks of one's own are encrypted and chained. Examples include Bitcoin and Ethereum. In addition, although there are problems with whether these blockchain currencies can replace actual currencies, they will be able to supplement and evolve.

The Internet of Things is the foundation of technology leading the Fourth Industrial Revolution and is a new communication environment that can be connected to anything anytime, any‘‘where‘‘. It mounts sensors and computing on things and connects the Internet to enable interaction of data. Examples exist, such as smart home systems and smart road systems that can be remotely controlled.

In addition, we should expand our scope in society by increasing our ability to study and utilize technologies such as artificial intelligence in line with the diversifying society in the future.

12주차(2)

Summary

With the development of information and communication technology, the public sector has made a lot of changes. The meaning of the public domain has also changed, which means one thing in Korean for the public domain, but if translated into English, it can be translated into several terms. This is because the public domain has various meanings. The public domain can be divided into public sphere, which means public discourse, public domain, and public sector, which means free content under copyright law. Among them, in the case of the public domain, it will be a very important factor in future society. In addition, there is also a public sector that means that public services are provided for public purposes and that the government or public institution receives and provides financial support, such as taxes. What is important here is how to fuse with the public sector with the technical idea field of the public domain. In other words, it is important to discuss how to operate sites such as existing platforms and homepages and how to activate them in each field and each part. Public service is a concept that includes not only services produced directly by the government but also forms in which production is handled by public companies or quasi-governmental organizations and supplied by the government. According to the standard industry classification, it can be classified in various ways, and in the case of dual education, it acts as a very important factor. Education is to receive education as a public good and to contribute to society. It is education that nurtures the talent that society needs and the final beneficiary of education in society. In the case of students, it should be an education to secure the work, values, and morals necessary for society as an intermediate beneficiary. In addition, it can be checked in the government's policy scope or field. The scope of government policy has a wide range of implications for the lives of individuals and sectors of the private sector other than services provided by government departments and related agencies. Beyond utilizing various technologies in these societies, the ability to envision and create is needed. Just as information can be obtained by searching various places on Google Earth, it has evolved into a society that combines such information with geographic information systems to analyze it and link it with statistics. Geographic information data, statistical data, and satellite data that have emerged earlier must emerge as extremely important elements in future societies. In line with a society ‘where‘ such data are provided through the Internet of Things and analyzed through artificial intelligence, we should at least understand this information and have the ability to create and utilize it. The current education lacks the connection between information and communication technology and existing disciplines, so it is necessary to think about converging information and communication technology with existing knowledge.

Full Text

There is one thing that needs to be said before discussing the changes in the public domain with the development of information and communication technology. The use of these information and communication technologies must be acquired in practice. This is because boarding methods are more important than theories about bicycles. For the public domain, it means one thing in Korean, but it can be translated into several terms if translated into English. This is because the public domain has various meanings.

The public domain can be divided into public sphere, which means public discourse, public domain, and public sector, which means free content under copyright law. Among them, in the case of the public domain, it will be a very important factor in future society. In this class, the public sector refers to the public service sector provided for public purposes, and this can be said to be the case for services provided by the government or public institutions with financial support such as taxes. It is important how to fuse with the public domain technical ideas field and the public sector in these public domains. In other words, it is the same as the integrated operation in each field and in each part on how to operate a site such as an existing platform or homepage and how to activate it.

Public services refer to goods or services produced by the government to improve the quality of life of citizens or provided by the government for the public good, but they are produced by public institutions such as public and quasi-governmental organizations or non-profit organizations. According to the standard industry classification, industrial sectors are divided into electricity, gas, steam, and air conditioning supply, water, water, water, treatment, raw material regeneration, construction, public administration and social security administration, education, health, and social welfare services. Among them, education works as a very important factor. Education is to receive education as a public good and to contribute to society. It is education that nurtures the talent that society needs and the final beneficiary of education in society. In the case of students, it should be an education to secure the work, values, and morals necessary for society as an intermediate beneficiary.

As the public sector is within the reach of government policy, it can also be seen through the government policy sector. The scope of government policy has a wide range of implications for the lives of individuals and sectors of the private sector other than services provided by government departments and related agencies. Public services, which oversee public and private sectors, provide public and private services in various areas, such as disaster safety, environmental weather, public administration, policing, transportation, health, medical security, energy, and economy. Beyond utilizing various technologies in these societies, the ability to envision and create is needed. Just as information can be obtained by searching various places on Google Earth, it has evolved into a society that combines such information with geographic information systems to analyze it and link it with statistics. Geographic information data, statistical data, and satellite data that have emerged earlier must emerge as extremely important elements in future societies. In line with a society ‘where‘ such data are provided through the Internet of Things and analyzed through artificial intelligence, we should at least understand this information and have the ability to create and utilize it. The current education lacks the connection between information and communication technology and existing disciplines, so it is necessary to think about converging information and communication technology with existing knowledge.

13주차(1)

Summary

As the information society developed, the concept of e-government emerged. Accordingly, the concept of the smart city emerged, and decentralization also faced a big change. As a result, the era of community-tailored services has come. A consumer-centered approach was required by increasing the utilization of existing e-government services. To this end, it is necessary to provide active access to resident living services suitable for people's lives and local situations. However, the government-led e-government indeed lacks consumer-centered services, so people want to actively provide various public services by socio-economic and environmental changes. Because of Covid-19, these changes do not occur in stages, but explosions. In the future, e-government should provide more active access to residents' living services suitable for people's lives and local circumstances. In addition, as the socio-economic environment changes, people demand that various public services be provided more actively. This led to the limitation of the existing concept of the community, which required re-establishment of the concept of the community. In particular, it is important to implement the changes step by step because they occur simultaneously. There are limitations of existing e-government services, but there is a lack of specific details on how practical services should be provided. It can be seen as a fundamental review of redundancy, inefficiency, and ineffectiveness by integrating the coordination of existing laws in the National Assembly through artificial intelligence. You'll have to think and think in a more creative and new direction. They predict and ponder how society will change in the future. The demand for welfare is expected to increase due to changes in society's environment, and administrative services should be provided by dividing by population characteristics accordingly. Community paradigms will need to be changed in a way that can adequately meet people from different classes. The logic that penetrates these changes must be understood. In the changing society in the future, the CED field is the easiest field for artificial intelligence to replace, which can be judged more efficiently by artificial intelligence than the existing CEO, and for example, it is introduced as AlphaGo's Go field. Fundamentals, which can be found in these changes in the information society, can be seen as a smart and better direction to mathematically put human creative imaginations into machines.

Full Text

As the information society developed, the concept of e-government emerged. Accordingly, the concept of the smart city emerged, and decentralization also faced a big change. As a result, the era of community-tailored services has come. A consumer-centered approach was required by increasing the utilization of existing e-government services. To this end, it is necessary to provide active access to resident living services suitable for people's lives and local situations. However, the government-led e-government indeed lacks consumer-centered services, so people want to actively provide various public services by socio-economic and environmental changes.

Because of Covid-19, these changes do not occur in stages, but explosions. In the future, e-government should provide more active access to residents' living services suitable for people's lives and local circumstances. In addition, as the socio-economic environment changes, people demand that various public services be provided more actively. This led to the limitation of the existing concept of the community, which required re-establishment of the concept of the community. For a clearer concept and definition of regional informatization, it was necessary to analyze regional informatization by dividing it into the subject of implementation, the goal of implementation, the target of implementation, and the strategy of implementation. The existing concept of geographic informatization confused the concept because there was no such distinction. In particular, it is important to implement the changes step by step because they occur simultaneously.

To explain this, it defines the roles between the first-stage propellers. Is the central government the driving force? The role of local government should be defined. The relationship between the two-stage driving objectives and the driving strategy should be explained. The establishment of a relationship between the objectives of the concept of local informatization is necessary to redefine the concept of local informatization. For example, to strengthen the competitiveness of local governments, it is necessary to redesign the work of the integrated process, which is a strategy. It can be seen as a fundamental review of redundancy, inefficiency, and ineffectiveness by integrating the coordination of existing laws in the National Assembly through artificial intelligence. You'll have to think and think in a more creative and new direction.

There are limitations of existing e-government services, but there is a lack of specific details on how practical services should be provided. In particular, we need to understand the logic that penetrates these changes. They predict and ponder how society will change in the future. Previously, e-government services have been operated more effectively and efficiently to increase utilization. That is why we will need to change smarter about accessibility, usability, reliability, responsiveness, and awareness.

The demand for welfare is expected to increase due to changes in society's environment, and administrative services should be provided by dividing by population characteristics accordingly. Community paradigms will need to be changed in a way that can adequately meet people from different classes. In the case of resident living support services, it is an administrative service aimed at delivering customized integrated services centered on-demand and establishing a system without duplications and omissions to citizens who need administrative services.

Currently, local informatization and local services are divided into problems of approach, expansion of innovation and participation, regime change, and applications, and as a technology-driven society, the government or the National Assembly cannot follow suit and lead the development of the country.

In the government's 3.0 strategy, strategies related to local informatization include joint utilization of infrastructure between local governments, creation of customized services for residents (using new information technology), information analysis, participation in decision-making organizations, and expansion of information disclosure.

With the advent of the current concept of artificial intelligence, many administrative services have changed, and accordingly, they are classified by region size and region type or classified into service areas and are classified into comprehensive service types.

In the changing society in the future, the CED field is the easiest field for artificial intelligence to replace, which can be judged more efficiently by artificial intelligence than the existing CEO, and for example, it is introduced as AlphaGo's Go field. Fundamentals, which can be found in these changes in the information society, can be seen as a smart and better direction to mathematically put human creative imaginations into machines.

13주차(2)

Summary

Because of Covid-19, the economic and historical crisis is spreading around the world and its impact is calling for a complete overhaul of the way the city lives. In the past, the case of advanced countries was benchmarked, but there are no such targets now. Therefore, you have to overcome this crisis by making your model.

As Corona 19 provides unprecedented experiences and calls for attempts to solve urban problems from a new perspective, the need for collective intelligence to respond systematically is increasing. The way to solve this crisis is the power of collective intelligence. It is to create collective wisdom by collectively establishing and organizing public knowledge.

Urban planning is changing direction to strengthen the public nature and legitimacy of urban planning, just as it began to secure public health and hygiene and solve environmental pollution problems. Then what is the wise direction in this situation? What is the smart direction? You have to think about something. One thing to look at in the current situation is sustainable development. Human life has now stopped, although natural things remain the same due to Covid-19.

We must unite the forces of collective intelligence to overcome the fear of a national crisis and seek solutions. In Korea, the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has become the main body, and the knowledge of collective intelligence has gathered and is progressing stably to some extent. However, in difficult situations, such as employment problems, one should set one's strategy and set one's course. As such, in the case of cities, we need to examine and prepare various ways at the city level with a new perspective

To think about a city changing due to Covid-19, you need to know the logic behind this change. The logic that penetrates the information society is to model human imagination in mathematics and apply it to machines. Then we should consider what logic there will be from the city's perspective.

These basic directions for urban policy planning and design of Covid-19 should address environmental pollution, increase sustainable development, and gradually increase non-area lifestyles rather than large-area lifestyles.

Currently, our country is facing a new change due to Covid-19. Among them, inducing these results without direct control of humans is emerging as a good solution in a new way that cannot be found in advanced countries. It is necessary to think about what smart direction is from a new perspective like this to utilize it.

Full Text

Because of Covid-19, the economic and historical crisis is spreading around the world and its impact is calling for a complete overhaul of the way the city lives. In the past, the case of advanced countries was benchmarked, but there are no such targets now. Therefore, you have to overcome this crisis by making your model.

As Corona 19 provides unprecedented experiences and calls for attempts to solve urban problems from a new perspective, the need for collective intelligence to respond systematically is increasing. The way to solve this crisis is the power of collective intelligence. It is to create collective wisdom by collectively establishing and organizing public knowledge.

The crisis in public transportation, the crisis in the sharing economy, the expansion of decision-making methods, and lifestyle changes have reduced demand for public transportation, dampened demand for traditional office space, restaurants, and entertainment establishments, and demanded new facility installation standards.

Urban planning is changing direction to strengthen the public nature and legitimacy of urban planning, just as it began to secure public health and hygiene and solve environmental pollution problems. Then what is the wise direction in this situation? What is the smart direction? You have to think about something. One thing to look at in the current situation is sustainable development. Human life has now stopped, although natural things remain the same due to Covid-19.

This is what the textbook says in terms of the direction of this covid-19 city. Urban planning consideration for basic living rights should be strengthened so that daily necessity can be purchased within walking rights. By expanding investment in public transportation prevention and service enhancement, new management standards for public transportation utilization and changes in land use and facility use should be used to expand communication and complete preparation for unprepared classes.

We must unite the forces of collective intelligence to overcome the fear of a national crisis and seek solutions. In Korea, the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has become the main body, and the knowledge of collective intelligence has gathered and is progressing stably to some extent. However, in difficult situations, such as employment problems, one should set one's strategy and set one's course. As such, in the case of cities, we need to examine and prepare various ways at the city level with a new perspective.

To think about a city changing due to Covid-19, you need to know the logic behind this change. The logic that penetrates the information society is to model human imagination in mathematics and apply it to machines. Then we should consider what logic there will be from the city's perspective.

Urban change occurs in various areas, starting with public transportation, which is gradually shrinking due to Covid-19, and the sharing economy, which has been spotlighted as an alternative to the concept of ownership of mass production systems, is gradually shrinking. In addition, there is a concern that the quality of residents' participation and public opinion gathering methods will be weakened by expanding non-face-to-face decision-making methods. In the case of non-contact residents' participation, the disadvantage is that it is currently incomplete and only reflected in those who participated. Due to the change in working style, the demand for traditional office spaces has decreased and the development of telecommuting has reduced the demand for traditional office spaces. Even the management of sheep farms in New Zealand is possible in the United States. There is a decline in sales of restaurants and businesses and a contraction in demand for space. Also, face-to-face restaurants are declining and sales in the food delivery service industry are increasing. The expansion of non-face-to-face consumption has accelerated the change in the logistics distribution business, lost the competitiveness of large offline retailers, and increased sales at near-field convenience stores. In the future, it is expected that standards for the installation and operation of new facilities for collective use facilities will be needed.

These basic directions for urban policy planning and design of Covid-19 should address environmental pollution, increase sustainable development, and gradually increase non-area lifestyles rather than large-area lifestyles.

Currently, our country is facing a new change due to Covid-19. Among them, inducing these results without direct control of humans is emerging as a good solution in a new way that cannot be found in advanced countries.

14주차(1)

Society has changed in various ways due to the development of information and communication technology. That's why we have to live in a society that changes explosively changing. Since you have to live according to the future age trends, you should not be too swayed by changes in the world and go your way calmly.

Education should be the priority in this change of society. Beyond the era of teaching and learning by changing in current education, students will give lectures and professors will go to education in the form of education. There are so many good lectures in the world. That's why you'll have to listen to those lectures and give your own. I think it's a necessary part of the creation era. Creative ideas are likely to be ideas that someone has already come up with. You should prepare calmly because you didn't know it. We have access to a lot of information in the information society. You may read more letters a day than Confucius, but wisdom makes it hard to affirm. The Korean version of the New Deal requires an educational new deal. It should be based on new education by converging moral and mathematical community values. Because knowledge accumulates, but wisdom comes at the end of one's efforts. In today's society, as the class environment diversifies due to Covid-19, the examples talked about before the absence of communication and wisdom sharing should be well implemented. To overcome Covid-19, we must overcome it by harnessing community values.

Advances in information technology have transformed New Zealand's sheep farms into an environment in which the United States uses clouding technology to control it with robots. It has also changed as a society in which citizens directly provide their solution ideas. Therefore, to go in a wise direction, a tripod of education, green, and digital must be constructed.

The number of baduk cases is 36! a number that has not been read by human units. Therefore, it is efficient to use artificial intelligence because there are many cases ‘‘‘‘where‘‘‘‘ people can think. To do so, to develop society, machines must be utilized, which in turn is the logic that penetrates the information society, mathematically modeling human imagination and applying it to machines.

We need to know in what direction Covid-19 has affected humans and how it changes again. With Covid-19, humans have stopped, but nature is still moving. That is why sustainable development is needed.

There is a threefold principle of life. To contribute to the organization, you have to think about your share, the maintenance of the organization, and the development of the organization.

Since society continues to change in the future, we need to understand the logic that penetrates this change so that it can be predictable in advance, and fundamentally think about community values and morals to create better results in a technology-driven society. Therefore, businesses such as the Education New Deal are needed, and the possibility of continuous development is more visible due to the current Covid-19.

14주차(2)

This class ended with a guide on the location and time of the final exam and how to write the assignments.

Test location: 1205 Classroom, 1217 Classroom

Time: Monday, June 14 at 13:30.