출석 및 과제점검표(재택수업 스스로 점검하기 2)

학과: 행정학과

학번: 21905332

주(날짜)	출석(당일)	지각(해당주)	결석(그이후)	과제	비고
1주차(1)	○				수강정정기간
1주차(2)	○				수강정정기간
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7주차(1)	○
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8주차 중간고사
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15주차 기말고사
과제1(제출일자)				○ (21.04.14)
과제2((제출일자)				○ (21.06.02)
계	26			2

이름: 한지민

강의 요약 정리

1주차(1)

I learned how to proceed with the lecture in the first lecture.

2주차(1)

In this lecture, I learned about 'What is study?' 'What is college student?' and about creation, development, and smart.

2주차(2)

Three different ages (agricultural, industrial, and information society) exist simultaneously in the information society. Agricultural society is In terms of the information delivery, 4 km per hour, 8 hours per day. From the introduction of cars, it is 100km per hour and 8 hours per day in industrial society. But this society generates the environmental pollution such as air pollution and climate changes and this society are sustainable no longer and need a new paradigm for the society. Information society is no limits in delivery of information.

3주차(1)

The information society will develop faster and more effective than industrial society change or development, and will pursue higher efficiency at a lower cost. Therefore, a new society will come to enjoy not only material affluence but also knowled. The background of the emergence of the information society is the need for a new approach to meet the diverse, individualized, decentralized mental needs of the materialistic satisfaction of the industrial society, and the government has recently stepped up to lead the social change. Society is rapidly changing in terms of necessity, technology, and policy aspects. Human abilities vary with the times, but modern society is generally determined by the ability of the brain.

3주차(2)

Technology leading the fourth industry, physics includes unmanned transportation, 3D printing, robotics, and new materials. Digital includes the Internet of Things, Financial Transactions, Shared Economy, and Digital Platforms.

Artificial intelligence is a technology that implements human intellectual skills such as thinking and learning through computers.

The core of the fourth industrial revolution is an era in which AI is connected to the Internet and fused with people. Many jobs are being created in that field.

4주차(1)

To survive in employment and information society, one must understand the nature of computers and information. The concept of information is a meaningful content that is typically used as a message to determine or act on an individual or organization.

Characteristics of information First, the use of information does not mean that it is lost. Second, you can copy information. Third, the cumulative effect of information. Fourth, information resources are characterized by non-transmission, which is not lost or reduced by distribution, rather are more valuable due to the creation of new users. Fifth, information does not depreciate or deteriorate. Sixth, information has a dimension of time. Finally, the distinction between producers and consumers is ambiguous, both producers and consumers act as consumers, and the quality or supply of information is determined by the ability, talent, and time of the information producer.

Due to the nature of information, there are many problems such as illegal copying of information, ownership of information, and social inequality between users of information and those who cannot use it.

4주차(2)

Public information systems are information systems available for public use.

Orman defines  public  information  systems  as  “systems  designed  for  use  by  the  general public, rather than specialists in a particular field or organization”. Orman goes on to predict that the major impact of information retri systems will be  in  public  education. The massive and spontaneous penetration of personal computers and the Internet among the  general  public,  a  few  years  later,  made  that  particular prediction by Orman completely obsolete. Considering the practical impact of public information systems during the last decade, one may only speculate about what the implications  of  another  ten  years  of  developments  are  for  citizens,  businesses,  and society as a whole.

5주차(1)

The 21st century is entering a society ‘‘‘where‘‘‘ information is in full swing. Major advanced countries around the world recognize information technology as the most important measure of national development in the 21st century knowledge and information society and develop various strategies to speed up information technology.

Considered a third revolution after the Agricultural and Industrial Revolution, the "Digital Revolution through Information Technology" is now approaching as an irresistible big trend, and the global economic order is already being reorganized through information. Furthermore, a fourth revolution represented by the Internet of Things has recently taken place.

International Trend of Informatization is defined as information service as a reorganization tool of the national society, implementation of a pan-national information service plan, spread of economic activities, spread of e-government and e-democracy, and the world-linked information service.

5주차(2)

Data classifications used in public information systems include operational data, procedural data, analytical data, metadata, process data, and archive data. Operative data are data about individual actors or cases; data necessary for the task or process supported by the PIS. Operational data are collected  from external sources or obtained from databases and archives maintained  by separate processes. Procedural data are Laws, regulations, and instructions to be followed in the  processing of individual cases. Procedural data are obtained from separate regulatory processes and design processes. Analytical data are statistics, indicators, and other data of importance for the quality of the process supported by the PIS. Analytical data are produced by separate processes and information systems that may  be  part of the infrastructure supporting the PIS under consideration. Metadata are data informing about the contents, meaning, purpose, quality, availability, etc, of other data. Metadata are generated by design and documentation processes. Process data are reuse of paradata from the same process or other process instances or other processes. Process data are data informing about the functioning  and performance of processes generated by processes in operation. Archive data are reuse of archival data from other processes. Archive data are data extracted from or generated by operative processes, to reflect and document present processes for future use and analyses.

6주차(1)

It will reorganize system-oriented e-government bureau into service-oriented digital government bureau. Through this reorganization, it is expected to lead the data economy by concentrating and integrating data-related functions distributed within the department and establishing an artificial intelligence-related department to establish the foundation of intelligent government. The world is developing brilliantly beyond change. Artificial intelligence has been inserted into objects, analyzing large amounts of data and connecting the results to the Internet, making it available anytime, any‘where‘. As such, the key elements of the fourth industrial revolution are AI, IoT, and big data, which analyze big data using mathematical algorithms included in artificial intelligence and utilize the results in all areas from government policy to daily life. The core of big data production is to share satellite, geographic information, statistical data, and coordinate values, and to integrate data structures to enable integrated utilization at any time. To this end, the "Big Data Basic Act" on the production, analysis, and utilization of data should be enacted.

6주차(2)

Exploring data using GIS turns data into information into knowledge. GIS is a System of computer software, hardware and data, and personnel to help manipulate, analyze and present information that is tied to a spatial location. Estimates are that 80% of all data has a spatial component. Data from most sciences can be analyzed “spatially”. Two ways to input and visualize data are raster and vector. Data for GIS applications are digitized and scanned maps, databases, GPS, characteristic field sampling and remote sensing and aerial photography. GIS uses fire and police as emergency services. The environment is used for monitoring and modeling. Businesses are used as site locations and delivery systems. Industries use transportation and communication, mining, pipelines, and medical care. The government uses it for local, state, federal, and military purposes. Education is used for research, educational tools, and management. Spatial data analysis is required.

7주차(1)

Data is not processed into a simple set of facts or numbers representing the real world, and is meaningless in itself. Information is a meaning derived from one or more data. It is easy to share and can generate new information through documents. Location data is information that represents a point or line position on an image or map in a plane position or vertical position. Shape data consists of six shape elements to describe map shapes and annotations. Enter numerical descriptions of map shapes or specific map elements, constant grid or Vector and Raster types. Video information is entered by digitizing information on images or photographs obtained through satellites and aircraft, and attribute information represents the characteristics, quality, relationships, and geographical location of map shapes. A topological structure is the study of the relationship between points, lines, faces, and locations in a space, regardless of quantity or size. The phase structure is represented by the determination of connectivity, proximity, and area. The nature of the phase setting is the spatial phase relationship between a series of terrain components and consists of complex elements in simple components. The characteristics of GIS-related data management structures are represented by planar structures, hierarchical structures, organizational network structures, and relationship structures.

7주차(2)

Today, you replaced it with midterm and homework guidance. The midterm exam will be held on the 19th. The task is self-inspection and should be posted on both the professor's website and lms.

8주차 중간고사

9주차(1)

Advances in information and communication technology change society and change the function and role of government. Behind the emergence of e-government are technology development (ICT), management revolution, and government innovation.

The common influences of ICT include culture, politics, society and the economy.

Culture includes digitalization of music/films and online games. There is transparency, accountability and the realization of electronic democracy in politics. There is onlineization and online education of everyday life in society. In the economy, information processing is the basis for products, services, electronic transactions, and electronic transactions.

Among the administrative implications of ICT, technology-social/economic-administrative-electronic government relations revolve around the Fourth Industrial Revolution, social/economic structural changes, changes in administrative functions/role, and redesign of e-government and information policy. The impact of e-government on administration is changes in the skills and relationships, accountability and management models of citizen-centered services and new technologies.

9주차(2)

The impact of e-government on both internal and external government agencies is internal, external, and relationship changes.

E-government has many advantages, such as being easily accessible to public information and improving public sector interaction and promoting efficiency and effectiveness. There is a limit to the promotion of e-government due to insufficient political and financial support. The e-government will push for creative and intelligent e-government through expansion and deepening connections, activation of sharing, versatile and smart citizens, intensifying vigilance and competition.

10주차(1)

Redesigning a work process requires fundamental changes in the work process. Typical terms are reengineering, process redesign, and business process redesign (BPR). Reengineering is essentially re-engineering and fundamentally redesigning core work processes to achieve dramatic improvements in work processes such as quality, cost, service, speed, etc. BPR is a fundamental way to redesign existing business processes and organizational structures that are suitable for environmental change. The main contents of BPR are ICT use, radical and radical change, reorganization, process and goal orientation. The goal of BPR is to increase customer value, compete to achieve the organization's vision and objectives successfully, reduce costs for efficiency, and drive strategically. The need for BPR is for IT to discover new opportunities, gain organizational competitiveness, change of management environment and customer-centric management. To promote BPR, cultural factors and behavioral characteristics must be considered, and communication between information systems, organizational relationships and participants must be considered. It also requires influential factors in introducing IT, changing designs, and creating an atmosphere for proposing creativity.

10주차(2)

BRM is a kind of reference model to clarify the relationship between functions of ministries and facilitate joint use and collaboration of information when promoting informatization and related tasks. It does not include business process information, is insufficient to reflect dynamic business elements, and has limitations in the business function linkage model called bottom-up information system.

BPM is a business innovation methodology that enables organic integration of entire business processes within and outside the organization. BPM is a technological innovation method that intelligently or automates the management of all processes associated with an organization's work. The benefits of BPM contribute to improved resource management and integration of administrative operations and help align policies and strategies during operations. And there are various things such as continuous improvement of service and quality and cost reduction.

Information strategy planning is a systematic and deliberate preparatory activity to bring about distinctive benefits through informatization. It is an approach to increase an organization's competitiveness by considering the information system as a strategic resource and using the organization's management strategy in conjunction with the information system strategy.

The ISP aims to adequately aggregate the organization's management strategies and objectives and the direction of current information technology, and to define a systematic and overall strategy for the use and management of information.

11주차(1)

Civil participation is essential in governance structures. Civil participation is the sovereignty, rights, autonomous decentralization, and choice of citizens. Local autonomy and democracy are realized through civic participation.

Citizen participation is a combination of administrative and political participation. Citizen participation is needed to create better policies, strengthen trust in the government, and implement participatory democracy. Citizens and governments, as collaborators and co-creators, can vary depending on the situation of the times and create social shared value.

Electronic citizen participation is an activity in which citizens participate in the political and policy-making process using electronic tools called online and the Internet. Electronic citizens' participation is needed to secure access to the government, overcome restrictions on time and space participation, promote speed and dialogue participation, and interact with the government and citizens. By utilizing ICT in the process of reaching decision-making through free discussion and deliberation of the policy-making process, policy issues are solved with collective intelligence involving many people. In the policy-making process, electronic civic participation should be considered and representation and opinion equity issues should be considered to realize the value of democracy and publicity.

11주차(2)

Types and methods of electronic civic participation include cyber participation models based on the degree of expertise and politics of administration. Depending on the importance of political judgment, it shall be divided into electronic management models, electronic civic participation models, electronic bureaucratic models, and electronic agent models according to the degree of expertise in administrative affairs. In the form of electronic citizen participation, it may be classified as information provision, policy-making, and consultation.  Key tools of electronic participation include electronic petitions, electronic voting, and participation in planning procedures. Common tools for electronic participation include search tools, notification services, and online newsletters. Common precedents in ways and tasks to promote electronic civic participation include the formation of a framework for laws, policies, and systems, preparation of electronic civic participation methods and practical tools, and the introduction of new ICT. Among them, securing the technology of citizens is the most important.  Factors that encourage electronic civic participation include expectations for adopting opinions and a sense of political effect through electronic civic participation. Conversely, obstacles include lack of budget, lack of technical bureaucracy, upgrades, safety issues, and perspectives as a means of distributing information on government websites or portals.

12주차(1)

ICT is an acronym for information and communication technology that supports access to and distribution of information based on communication technology. Currently, the scope of Internet-based information utilization technology is expanding indefinitely, and all media in which digital information is generally widely defined as ICT. IoT, which collects data in real time in everyday life by attaching sensors and computing technology to general objects, mobile technology that can collect data anytime on the go, cloud computing that integrates data collected from various computing and digital devices, and big data solutions that enable rapid processing of large data.

Beyond the existing boundaries, knowledge and information in various fields are shared and linked, and new values are created through convergence between technologies, and this technological innovation is expected as a driving force to solve social issues as well as industrial reorganization and economic growth. The Korean government is also seeking to improve efficiency and resolve issues in society such as education, medical care, and defense through the development of convergence-based technologies, and to implement more stable technology-based public services through strengthening blockchain and cybersecurity technologies. It focuses on artificial intelligence, blockchain, Internet of Things, and big data among the technologies ‘select‘ed as the base technology and focus technology in the ICT-based public service promotion project" that is being promoted every year as a government project."

Artificial intelligence technology is an intelligence technology that implements some or all of human intellectual abilities such as cognition and learning through computers. Blockchain technology refers to a data chain in which information such as transactions and contracts is connected and stored in a distributed ledger, and in a broad sense, a distributed ledger network and accompanying technology that allows programs to run on their own without a central server. The Internet of Things is a new communication environment that solves the limitations of things that connect people and things by connecting anytime, any‘where‘ as the foundation technology that leads the 4th Industrial Revolution. Big data is a concept that includes technology that processes and utilizes data in various formats as well as the amount of data.

12주차(2)

The public domain of public sphere was first used by Habermas as it was used in the social sciences. Habermas' public sphere is a place of public debate in which individuals voluntarily, autonomously and rationally argue beyond their interests. The public domain is a term that is primarily used in the IT sector, which is information that anyone can freely copy or modify and use for any method or purpose. Finally, the public sector is translated precisely into the public sector. The public domain refers to the public service sector provided for public interest purposes. This includes services provided by the government or public sector with financial support such as taxes. Specifically, it is a field that provides public services such as education, public administration, disaster and transportation facilities, environment, public welfare, social welfare, etc., which falls under the public domain as defined in this study. As the public sector is within the reach of government policy, it can also be seen through the government policy sector. In addition to services provided by government ministries and related agencies, the scope of government policies extends to services related to daily life that are closely related to improving the quality of life of individuals and various industries in the private sector.

13주차(1)

In the future, e-government should provide more active access to residents' living services suitable for people's lives and local situations. As the socioeconomic environment changes, people are demanding that various public services be provided in a more active way. The concept of local informatization has been discussed in many studies as national concepts and information service problem projects progress. In order to define a clearer concept of regional informatization, local informatization is a promotion entity, implementation goal, object of implementation, and promotion strategy; It is necessary to divide the contents and analyze them. The problem found in the existing concept of local informatization is that there is no such distinction, which leads to conceptual confusion. Prior studies on e-government services have something in common that they have proposed ways to improve the utilization rate through awareness surveys on accessibility, availability, reliability, responsiveness, and awareness, which are basic factors for enhancing e-government service utilization. However, there is a limit to the lack of specific information about how substantial services should be provided. Community services make it easier for residents to participate and require more participation. Community services are provided as 'resident life support services' currently provided by central and local governments. The resident life support service aims to establish a customized, integrated service delivery system centered on consumers so that services can be delivered to people in need without duplications or omissions.

13주차(2)

Covid-19 provides unprecedented experiences and calls for attempts to solve urban problems from a new perspective, increasing the need to respond systematically with the power of collective intelligence. The economic and social crisis caused by Corona 19 is spreading around the world, and its impact calls for the overall reorganization of urban people's lifestyles. The global spread of Covid-19 will also have a direct impact on urban policy, urban planning and design. The power of collective intelligence should be united to overcome national crises and fears and seek solutions. From the perspective of experts in urban fields, we need to predict future trends and present various countermeasures. It is necessary to prepare standards for supply and management of new urban planning facilities in response to Covid-19 crisis. As the basic direction of urban policy, planning, and design, it is faithful to the basic principles of urban planning and actively accepts technological innovation that Covid-19 will accelerate. As for urban policy, planning, and design issues and countermeasures, the inducement of decentralized policies in large cities to solve the Covid-19 problem should be over-reacted, planned consideration and role should be strengthened, and the utilization rate should be expanded. Standards for responding to changes in demand for land use should be established and new basic principles for space management should be established.

14주차(1)

We should not be too swayed by changes in the world, but calmly go our way. Knowledge should be in charge of artificial intelligence and computers, while people should be in charge of wisdom and creativity. Knowledge can be borrowed, but wisdom is not easy to borrow, and knowledge accumulates, but wisdom must be built entirely with constant self-effort. From now on, society will develop into a society that is constantly wise or smart. However, it is impossible without a "wisdom new deal", and sometimes digital technology will lead to more serious crimes and social evils. The world never stops, and it's moving the Fourth Industrial Society forward explosively. AI will be able to industrialize untact except for some replacements and will develop further. We must now move from a fast follower to a leading nation, and we must now gather our wisdom to wisely carve out a path that no one has taken. We stand on the cutting edge, and it is both a job for each and a calling of the times. Life is called a marathon, but I think life is a mixture of short distances, medium distances, and marathons, and sometimes it goes backwards or sideways. So when things don't go well, we should not be too impatient and take it easy. There is no repetition in history. There is only repeated stupidity. Dialogue is about reserving my right and contemplating the right of others.

14주차(2)

The final exam will be held on Monday, June 14th. And I have to submit my assignment.

15주차 기말고사