행정정보체계론 출석 및 과제점검표(재택수업 스스로 점검하기)

학과: 행정학과

학번: 21705600

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8주차 중간고사
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15주차 기말고사
과제1	○			제출일자기입	2021.04.18
과제2	○			제출일자기입	2021.06.02
계

이름: 박해국

강의 요약 정리

1주차(1)

1. Self-Choice and Self-Regulation

學文 如逆水行 不進卽退

百聞 不如一見

This Web Based Lecture(100*5: (five senses: watching, listening, understanding, fingering or bodying, creating your own idea: from listening lecture to watching lecture)

2. The process of brain training (melting pot) for the better outcome of information society

Computing for six lags such as web design, CAD, GIS, and statistical analysis (big data handling), virtual reality, and internet of thing(IOT: networking), AI, and Deep Learning

Animal is sustainable and people pursue the sustainable development but no more sustainable

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2장 What are basic requirements for the students and Paradigm Shift?

Three different ages (agricultural, industrial, and information society) exist simultaneously in the information society: your own choice – human body services and information services. The forth wave: IOT

You have to understand the information society clearly and act your behavior following the working methods of the information society (preparing the class basic requirements).

- Always do your best. Nobody lives two times for his or her life in the real world. And do not try to speak English very well but always try to practice it

- Students Requirements: Health (physically and psychologically), Student (study more than eight hours), Home (physical body and your own knowledge: Information Home: home page). However, People are progressive and some times make mistakes.

- You have Different Faces, Different Personality, Different Dream, Different Implementation Methods for your dream:

- But you have same dream and follow the same study methods. As a result, you cannot create your own ideas or knowledge.

- And you should be happy to achieve your dream for other peoples, not only yourself. You are our future (in terms of family, community, province, country, international society).

2주차(1)

All tools in agricultural and industrial societies improve human physical abilities, but digital tools in information society are made to improve human mental abilities and computers are also tools designed to improve human brain abilities. The transition from agrarian to industrial has led to a major transformation in human civilization, such as mass production, mass distribution, and the pursuit of a paradigm for mass consumption. Information society refers to the relatively higher value of information on behalf of materials and energy so far, and economic and social activities are defined as the production and center of information services, and it is predicted that it will provide unlimited potential for development beyond the limits of industrial society as it is defined as knowledge society, network society, globalization, etc. Therefore, with the advent of the information society, a society that solves problems that have emerged in industrial society, shows rapid and effective change or development, and enjoys not only material affluence but also spiritual affluence will come.

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Technology Leading the Fourth Industrial Revolution

Physics: Unmanned Transport, 3D Printing, Robotics, New Materials

Digital: IoT, financial transaction, shared economy, digital platform

Technology generated by the fourth industrial revolution

Artifical intelligence (AI)

- Technology that enables the intellectual abilities of human beings, such as accidents and learning, through computers

Big Data

- Size, Diversity, Speed

IoT (Internet of Things) Internet of Things

- Devices connected by wired and wireless Internet

5G

- In mobile phones, G stands for Generation. Therefore, 5G mobile communication means 5G mobile communication.

Robot

- A machine that looks and functions like a person, or a machine that has the ability to work itself.

AR (Agreed Reality)

- the process of combining or increasing the useful information created by a computer over an image when displaying images and photos through computer programming.

3D Printing

- Manufacturing techniques that produce three-dimensional objects by spraying continuous layers of material.

Power tended to shift from state to non-state as the fourth industrial revolution reduced the role of government.

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It is very difficult to define information precisely because it does not have any specific substance as a message to something ‘meaningful content used for the decision or action of an individual or organization‘.

characteristics of information

1. Information is not lost by use (Non-consumption).

2. Information can be copied (Possible to copy and cannot listen to the Original with copy one).

3. Cumulative effects of information.

4. Information resources have non-transferable features that do not disappear or diminish by allocating them, but rather increase their value by creating new users (non-transferable).

5. Information is not depreciated or corrupted (non-deprecation and no change in quality).

6. Information has a dimension of time (Has the Dimension in Time, it is important in terms of time).

7. The distinction between producers and consumers is ambiguous, and at the same time as producers, they also play the role of consumers (we cannot distancing software providers with computers), user-created content (UCC), information producers‘ ability, talent, and time determine the quality or supply of information.

The utility of information: format, time, place, ownership, etc.

The term system is a set of interconnected elements that are used as often as information. As society develops and varies, a system approach is very important for an information society because it is difficult to properly resolve complex problems and phenomena without identifying and solving them as a whole system.

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Under the influence of the major industries of the time, cities grow and develop into cities that fit the characteristics of each era.

Modern cities are developed in the form of information cities due to the influence of transportation and information

- The development of information and communication recognizes IT networks as urban infrastructure that provide a base for city information sharing and various information-use services.

Modern cities are seen accelerating urbanization through the aggregation of economic power, while large cities-oriented industrial clusters and economic development contribute significantly to the improvement of the national economic power by bringing about the growth of large cities, while housing prices continue to rise despite the increase in urban areas due to urban expansion due to urban expansion, and traffic and logistics are concentrated in urban and urban areas due to urban expansion.

U-City is an intelligent future city ‘‘where‘‘ advanced information and communication infrastructure and ubiquitous information services are converged into urban space as an environment, not a tool, and consists of ubiquitous technology that enables communication anytime, any‘‘where‘‘, and intelligent infrastructure with urban infrastructure such as roads, buildings and facilities. With the aim of intelligent urban activities such as transportation, environment, facility management, urban safety management, and culture through u-IT, we are pursuing the life benefits of urban residents, and ‘‘select‘‘ specialized industries suitable for regional characteristics such as industrial clusters, administrative cities, innovative cities, and free economic cities, and are implemented by combining them with the construction of u-City.

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A public information system is an information system available to the public. This is a simple and simple definition, relatively appropriate. Orman defines a public information system as "a system designed to be used by the general public, not by experts in a particular field or organization." The purpose of a public information system is to provide some kind of service or support for a public process or a process involving "the general public" or "the whole society." In contrast, a "secret" or private information system provides services to some specific users closely associated with a particular organization, often performing specific tasks that exist inside the organization, such as an organization‘s internal management process. In some situations, interaction may involve not only one or two categories of actors, but also citizens, businesses and government agencies interact within the same process as one, for example, all of the engagement processes aimed at determining ‘where‘ the entity will be located. Some public information systems will provide services in a much broader sense. Rather than just helping a citizen or company accomplish any very specific mission. For example, a public information system can support social and democratic processes by providing tools to make such processes more useful and rewarding from the perspective of all process participants. An important role for these information systems and tools is to support participants.

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1. Personal Environment of Information Society

- Training two brains

- One reason to do and 108 reasons not to do so collide with each other, and it depends on which wins.

2. International Environment of Information Society

- The 21st century is entering a society ‘where‘ information services are in full swing. Major advanced countries around the world recognize informationization as the most important measure of national development in the knowledge and information society in the 21st century, and are speeding up informationization by preparing various promotion strategies for each sector of society.

- Countries are actively striving to realize electronic democracy by using information technology to change the government and people more directly and democratically, and spreading the disclosure and provision of information through the Internet.

3. Characteristics of the domestic environment in the information society

- The continuous expansion of information service investment and the development of technologies related to the cultivation of information service personnel that can be utilized effectively have emerged as important tasks, and it should be accompanied by strengthening the infrastructure for fostering the information and communication industry, such as fostering human resources, technology development and supporting small and medium enterprises.

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The public information system should mainly contain the data necessary to perform the work of the system. For example, a system that helps citizens or businesses obtain any kind of government permission should contain as much relevant information as possible so that the government can make decisions. And to be able to develop a complex public information system with excellent quality and cost-effectiveness for all concerned parties – citizens, businesses and governments - requires considerable attention to organizational issues. New organizational forms and new laws may have to be created to cope with some problems that are still a major hurdle to the development of public information systems as well as e-government systems in the public sector, which are critical for our common future. Institutions engaged in research on public information systems should attempt to connect with researchers and other experts who share interest in the process, nature, importance and implications of designing public information systems. Public information systems should be able to adapt to the changing needs and preferences of users.

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At present, our society is developing and changing, welcoming the information society of the Third Revolution from the first revolution, the agricultural society. It has become a knowledge management society ‘where‘ how effectively knowledge is created by overcoming the limitations of time and space. As for the characteristics of information, the distinction between consumers and producers has become ambiguous with non-consumption, copyable, cumulative effect, non-transforming, non-variable, and time-wise. Education has also come to a change, and due to the change to the information society, using computers well has become an effective education. The government has also changed to e-government, and has brought about changes in administration. Saving a fast, convenient and transparent government by realizing a small, competitive government is the future that e-government is aiming for.

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A geographic information system is a system that helps manipulate, analyze and display information tied to computer software, hardware, data and spatial locations. Location data is divided by how many, what type, and ‘where‘ it is. Data can be documented and represented by words, charts, graphs, tables, or maps. GPS satellite positioning systems can be viewed as paper or digital maps as static maps. Maps are often gis‘ products, which is a way to visualize the analysis. The use of GIS is being used in various fields such as industry and education. Used as a research or educational tool for transportation, communication, and education in the industrial sector.

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Data is not processed into a simple set of facts or numbers that represent the real world, and it is meaningless in itself. Information is easy to share with meaning derived from one or more data and new information can be generated through analysis. Location data are information that indicates the position of a point or line on an image or map by plane position (x,y coordinate) and vertical position (z coordinate). Location data can be divided into relative location data and absolute location data. Characteristic information includes geometric data showing vertical descriptions of the map shape or specific map elements of the map, video information that quantifies and inputs information on images or photographs obtained through the aircraft, and information on attributes. The topological structure is a discipline that expresses the relationship between shape or location regardless of quantity or size with respect to points, lines, faces, and locations in space, and has connectivity, proximity, and determination of area.

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8주차 중간고사

9주차(1)

The subject of today's class was on information and communication technology (ICT) and changes in administration. As information and communication developed, social phenomena occurred in fields such as information, knowledge information, knowledge, smart, and digital. Therefore, it is essential to change the role of the government. The history of development of information and communication technology has shown a rapid pace of development year by year. Accordingly, the form of government was also transformed into the form of e-government. The organizational structure of the past took a centralized form for efficiency and was operated mainly by command, but the current organizational structure is a horizontal structure rather than a vertical structure for efficiency and organizational flexibility It is a feature.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) affects all aspects. Examples are cultural, social, political and economic aspects. It is true that with the development of ICT, citizens have become smarter as they obtain more information, but it is also true that various crimes using information have increased a lot.

And companies are putting more effort into technology development and competitiveness improvement by a technology called ICT.  As the benefits of the advancement of information technology have increased and the number of damages has increased, I think it will improve in the future, as the beginning of all developments is not perfect.

9주차(2)

Today's class was held on the subject of the direction of e-government and the characteristics of the 4th industrial revolution. The e-government has increased the accessibility of citizens, increasing transparency, and transforming the relationship between the government and citizens into a horizontal relationship. The benefits of e-government are so many. For Example, trust and interaction in the government can be increased, and exchanges with citizens can be increased to create a variety of services. It's not just that e-government is good. There are also obvious drawbacks. For example, mass unemployment may occur, personal information may be leaked, and failure to enjoy complete information may lead to an information gap. We must overcome these problems and move on to better development. The 4th Industrial Revolution has all the features of the digital world, the virtual world, and the real world. Representative technologies include IOT, autonomous driving, robotics, big data, and AI. Blockchain technology is the technology that has been receiving the most attention recently. Citizens are increasingly interested in the investment of Bit-coin and Alt-coins. The direction e-government should go forward is to develop with qualitative development and smarter citizens. And it must strengthen its competitiveness among other advanced countries and become a leader in the digital field.

In the future, the field of use of artificial intelligence in the public sector will be further increased, and self-development in accordance with the changing times will become important.

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Today's class was held on the subject of 'informatization and work process innovation'.

The meaning of Business Process Reengineering is to emphasize the need for fundamental changes to the way we work and the business process. Organizations change only when individuals make changes. The core elements of BPR are composed of process, fundamental, radical, dramatic, change, and rethinking. In other words, the ultimate goal is to make it easier for citizens to perform their work than before. There is a close relationship between BPR and ICT. The E-government redesigns tasks suitable for information and communication technology. Instead of recklessly technicalizing, we ‘select‘ the right technology and make it information. However, only when the organization of the governmental organization is changed, the technological change will also take place. The problem is that it cannot be said that it is practically easy because the public officials are directly connected to their occupation in the organizational change. The key elements of BPR are to secure the competitiveness of the organization, respond to changes in the administrative environment, and execute customer-oriented administration. Although the professor continues to emphasize, it is not necessary to memorize the knowledge necessary for informatization, but keep thinking about how to use it.

There is one reason to do BPR, but there are many reasons for failure. For example, there is a lack of willingness for BPR, resistance to change, or political factors. As a condition of success, top managers must be interested and continue to provide education and budget support.

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Today's class was conducted on the subject of informatization and work process.

However, current university education has limitations in teaching only knowledge without teaching practical things. The Business Reference Model is a kind of reference model that facilitates joint utilization and collaboration rather than fundamental change rather than reengineering. In addition, it supports and establishes a system to handle government affairs electronically. The purpose of the operation is to ensure continuity of administration, to lay the foundation for a horizontal cooperation system, and to secure the efficiency of business processing. Expected effects provide services for the public and provide a blueprint for the future of e-government. It is easily possible with the help of 'A.I' in order to efficiently carry out the government's work. However, we need to make it possible to program so that 'A.I' can do it, but there is a limit to education. Therefore, the professor said that education should change rapidly because education cannot keep up with the pace of social development. However, the linkage model is not only good. This is because if applied to the government, which is a government group, the ability to respond to change is poor, or it is insufficient to grasp the overall business process. Business Process Management has no major difference from the previous model, but it aims to improve the shortcomings. In the public sector, it is possible to increase administrative efficiency, increase transparency and respond better to change. The last model is the Information Strategy Plan, which establishes and directs the overall strategy for using information.

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Today's class was conducted on the subject of citizen participation and electronic governance.

Citizen participation is an essential element of cooperation and the process of realizing the sovereignty of citizens. Citizen participation is divided into administrative participation and political participation.The need for citizen participation is to make better policies and to strengthen trust in the government.In order to revitalize it, the government must form social capital and citizens must recognize each other as partners by fostering trust through participation. The first value of the community is morality. The Republic of Korea values   morality, but in the United States, it is undesirable and should not follow the United States unconditionally because morality is not important and the law is a strong society. E-citizen participation is the participation of citizens in the policy-making process through the Internet. The back office area is an area inside the organization, and the front office area is the service of the organization. Our workplace will develop a lot in the back office. The advantage of e-citizen participation is that communication is efficient and administrative tasks are processed quickly. However, the discretion of public officials is reduced, and the consultation process takes a lot of time. As considerations, the realization of the values   of democracy and publicity, representation of opinions, and equity should be considered. In my opinion, in order to activate e-citizen participation, a network that uses data must be formed, and above all, citizens' participation rate must be increased, so public relations must be good.

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Today, an example of a class on the subject of electronic citizen participation.

Cooperation means that the government is not acting alone, but with the citizens. The form of e-citizen participation is structured to determine policy and consult with the government. Examples of the existence of electronic citizen participation include petitions, bulletin boards, and electronic voting. There are webcasts and podcasts, and Wikis loaded with common tools of electronic engagement. Webcast technology means distributing media files over the Internet. Podcast technology refers to Internet broadcasting that allows users who want to watch to automatically subscribe to a program they want. Wikis means a dictionary that can be done jointly online.I have recently participated in the Blue House petition as an electronic participation tool. The topic was to prevent child abuse, and as I participated online, I felt proud. In order to implement e-citizen participation, a platform must be formed legally and institutionally, and citizens must be encouraged to participate.

The motive factor is that personal life is guaranteed and accessibility is enhanced. There is a consciousness that only time will be wasted due to lack of budget and technology problems as obstacles. The professor emphasizes that if you are preparing for the civil service exam, you should not only study knowledge, but also study practical work performance. I think it is also important to organize a platform and budget in order to activate e-citizen participation. But the most important thing is improving awareness. I think that if you confirm to citizens the possibility that you can make enough changes through electronic participation, rather than waste your budget and time, you can naturally activate your participation.

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Today, how the class is conducted on the subject of "A Study on the Implementation of ICT-Based Intelligence in the Public Sector". The source of the class is "KISDI". ICT (Information and Communication Technology) is a technology that supports access to information based on communication technology. Internet, like there are many smartphones. ICT is a technology that supports activities related to information processing.

Currently, the scope of Internet technology is infinitely expanding, and all media are defined as ICT. Intelligent information technology means advanced ICT. Examples include ICBM: IoT, cloud, big data, and mobile. Intelligence information technology is intelligence that implements a part of intelligence using a computer.

ICT technology is advancing, such as enabling data collection and fast processing while on the go in real time. The 4th Industrial Revolution is creating new value by combining various fields and information beyond the existing technological boundaries. The professor said that it would be efficient if robots monitored the ceasefire line by using ICT technology for defense. And since artificial intelligence technology is in the limelight, he emphasized that he should continue to learn math. Although Korea is a science leader, investment in artificial intelligence is insufficient. Blockchain technology refers to a data chain in which data is shared with each other, not in the center. Currently, it has become famous with Bitcoin and Alt Coin as examples. In addition, he said that the development of technology could complement the problems of the blockchain. The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a technology that connects objects and humans, and recently, smart healthcare technology using a smart watch is attracting attention. It can be applied to all technologies such as agriculture, public and energy.

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Today, a class was held on the subject of how to use ICT in the public sector.

Before class, the professor emphasized that the focus should be on using the theory of ICT technology rather than memorizing it. The public area is divided into three.

First, the public sphere was first used by Habermas and is a forum for voluntary and rational debate. Second, the public domain is what we use often, and it is mainly used in the IT field. Finally, the public sector includes public enterprises that are supported by the government. Students usually work in the 2nd and 3rd. The professor emphasized that it is necessary to go to the public sector while the use of IT technology is possible. The fields of electricity, gas, and nuclear power represent the nature of public enterprises. Public enterprises are in charge of the water supply industry, and private enterprises are in charge of wastewater, waste, and construction. In addition, the government is in charge of administration and defense, and education and health are handled by the government and the private sector. The professor said that education is a public good, so society should be interested and support it. In the area of   public service, first, disaster is operated to protect the lives of the people, and there is a disaster message service during this covid-19. Second, the environment is a system operated to prevent air pollution and cope with extreme weather.

Third, public administration is a system operated to improve the lives of the people. The fourth health care system is a state-centered system that guarantees universal medical use by the public. The rest are transportation, defense, and energy.

13주차(1)

Today, a class was held about the era of customized services in the local community.

Korea has been uated as the world's No. 1 online participation index in the UN's e-government uation. For example, the current citizens also use the petition service when there is a request. In general, it is not a problem for the government to provide services, but there are many inadequate points that citizens voluntarily request or participate. Therefore, there is a need for people to request and access services appropriate to the region. Local informatization must also change in line with the changing times.

For clear definition, it should be analyzed by dividing it into subject, goal, target, and strategy. The subject is the government, citizens, and businesses. The goal is to strengthen local competitiveness. The subject improves the efficiency of administrative work and improves the lives of residents. The strategy should be structured for the region. The professor suggested that it would be more efficient if the online assembly was held. Government 3.0 is the policy direction of the government to open public information, increase jobs, and make life easier.

The characteristic of resident life service refers to a system that allows the service to be delivered to those who need it without duplication.The government is also actively supporting the system in order to use resources efficiently. Samsung focuses on local informatization and accumulates ubiquitous-based information in the future. Services are divided into various fields such as life, education, jobs, old age, and childbirth. The professor said that the position of CEO is the easiest to be replaced by AI. And he stressed that you should always be prepared for change.

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Today, a class was held on applying policies to cities and society.

The professor emphasized that we should study together, not just reading books.

We are currently experiencing a new world due to COVID-19. The use of public transportation is decreasing, the sharing economy is shrinking, and the online method is preferred over face-to-face. It is also necessary to check the city plan in preparation for the future situation. Therefore, it is necessary to grasp the problems of the past and change to an eco-friendly and smart direction. In order to secure future competitiveness, we must take the initiative in making directions. To do that, you need to read the flow of change and find a solution. Due to the coronavirus, the number of people using railroads and airlines has greatly decreased, and as a result, many unemployed people have been unemployed, such as large-scale layoffs for companies without income. In addition, the sharing economy, such as lodging and shared bicycles, contracted in an instant. On the contrary, the business is expanding through the online method. The professor said that policies such as the National Assembly should also develop in different directions by introducing AI and online methods. And in order to reduce contact, it is necessary to think about the way of working in the future based on the fact that working from home has been activated and work efficiency has increased. In recent years, the number of offline stores has declined and online shopping has developed, and large offline department stores are closing.

On the basis of all the cases, the professor said, "What nature made has gone without fail, and most of what man made has stopped." I think that if I continue to think based on various events, it will develop in a smarter direction.

14주차(1)

Today, a class was held on the topic of how to live life wisely.

The professor said that it is important to speak well, but it is also important to listen well. He emphasized that even a professor should listen together rather than teach unconditionally. A lot of knowledge does not mean a lot of wisdom. In the future, artificial intelligence will acquire all knowledge, and humans must cultivate wisdom and creativity. So, the professor talked about the need for a new education deal for the future. This is because, unlike the past, the future society requires different types of education because artificial intelligence appears. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on harmonizing digital, environment and education. We should pursue a life that develops together with the community, not with individuals. In the future, people who model their imaginations mathematically and apply them to machines will be in the spotlight. This is because such a person seeks the infinite development of society by manipulating and controlling artificial intelligence. However, digital technology is not without its advantages. It will be used for numerous crimes, so you need to be prepared for it.

14주차(2)

Today, I received guidance on final exam test and assignment submission.