출석 및 과제점검표(재택수업 스스로 점검하기)

학과: 행정학과

학번: 22005228

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계

이름: 조현우

강의 요약 정리

1주차(1)

Writing and listening are most important things in English. The first name of computer is electronic calculating machine. When it comes to memory, human cannot win computer. In information society, human‘s brain must be developed and we have to coexist with AI.

1주차(2)

We have learnt several different class individually but cannot integrate with these different knowledge. We don‘t need to stick to these classic paradigm of study. We have to train our brain for the better outcome of information society. These days, English became native language around the world. Humans learn technology from natural environment. Because fossil energy is exhausted, we cannot survive with just fossil energy.

2주차(1)

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3주차(1)

Every tool in the agro-industrial society has improved human physical abilities, and digital tools in the information society have enhanced human mental abilities.The Encyclopedia Britenica disappeared and the Encyclopedia Wikipedia was born. This is because the publication of paper books is harmful to the natural environment.

The information society, in particular, has dramatically improved the function of information by combining computer and information and communication technology, resulting in tremendous socioeconomic changes.The ability of the human race varies with the times, but in general, modern society is determined by the power of the brain.

3주차(2)

The factors of social change can be divided into several aspects. The first is the necessary aspect. People in developed countries argue that social changes have occurred to meet the diverse and complex values of industrial societies as they have gone through the period of rapid growth.The second is the technical aspect. Examples include Wi-Fi. The third is the policy aspect. Recently, social changes have been made by the government‘s policy support as the importance of the information society has been emphasized. Recently, advanced countries, including the United States, have come up with various policies to lead the way in information services. Besides this, there are also economic and political aspects.The Internet of Things refers to a technology that connects sensors and communication functions to the Internet.

4주차(1)

The combination of information and communication technology and industry includes finance, distribution, education, health care, transportation and artificial intelligence. An example of finance is Internet banking. An example of distribution is an online market. An example of education is online lectures that have become more widespread due to the Korona crisis. Examples of medical care include robotic surgery. Examples of transportation are drones and no-frills. At the WEF held in Davos, Switzerland in January 2016, the Fourth Industrial Revolution is so important to us that the Understanding of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is the theme of the forum, what technology is there that leads the Fourth Industrial Revolution? In physics, there is a drone that is an unmanned vehicle. Other than that, there are 3D printing and new materials. There is the Internet of Things digitally. Financial transactions, sharing systems and digital platforms are also good examples. In addition, AI is a must in the fourth industry. Artificial intelligence is a technology that implements human intellectual abilities such as thinking and learning through computers. Artificial intelligence and big data are inseparable. The conditions of big data should be large in size and different sizes and contents of each data should make it difficult to unify. And the data collection, processing and delivery of events should be accelerated in real time. Just as the tools we use change, just as our industry changes, we humans must change now. We seem to have become smarter than ever, but not wiser. We must strive to be wise.

4주차(2)

With the start of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, we can realize direct democracy, not indirect democracy. Humans are now able to work anytime and any‘where‘ without being tied to time and self-indulgence, which is called "Smartwork" (homework + mobile work + smart work center). As a result, both mobile and in-house work are possible and real-time anti-fraud can be done on the same screen. The automobile has also developed, which is an intelligent car, ITS. ITS is eco-friendly and highly efficient because it is an electric vehicle. It is also safe, secure and suitable for smart cities because it allows autonomous driving. But it is unclear who should be responsible for legal, ethical and moral issues. And there is a fatal disadvantage of the dilemma of unmanned vehicles. Who will the driver save, 10 pedestrians or one pedestrian? The unmanned vehicle will save a pedestrian or a passenger. Which of the 10 pedestrians or one passenger will be saved? This causes confusion for artificial intelligence. The fourth industry will transform schools into smart education and factories into smart factories. The current mode of production of the factory is central control. Although humans are subordinate to machines, smart factories are judged and controlled by machines themselves. This will allow facilities and parts in the factory to produce products while exchanging information according to the process. In addition, there are smart business, smart home, smart agriculture, etc. But advanced technology is not always positive for humans. Science and technology is like a double-edged sword that has positive and negative effects on all industrial sectors of society. That is why we must have a posture to respond to change and lead, recognize, and adapt to change. Failure to do so could raise inequality, deepen imbalances, destabilize society and cause terrorism. The technologies leading the fifth industrial revolution include genetics, synthetic biology, genetic engineering and bioprinting. The most important thing seems to be nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is a technology that assembles and controls objects in a small unit of atomic and molecular weight close to a nanometer unit, which is one-billionth of a meter. It has the advantage of being able to assemble and control more flexibly by running in small units.

5주차(1)

Is not predictable and risk is no longer control risk. But Corona, 19 are unpredictable and control of dread in that it is not easy to us. In front of a source of dread, can survive we need change. As a result, Corona, 19 is systematically changing lives . Corona 19 is a non-face-to-face in all aspects of digital phone brought accelerating. Digital discussion include ‘based on online platforms and activities‘ the economy and, in a broad sense of the keonneunda be a ‘All digitized data using activities‘ Keyword of the digital economy are online, and Accelerate your seumakeu. In the digital economy is a consumer‘s point when he holds in our lives online, businesses, smart work, production plant.In position, an expansion of unmanned, automated. Corona 19 due to online shopping is very widespread. Online Entertainment, as well as online shopping online education, health services online has increased significantly. So our daily lives in the transition to digital economy rapidly into. Will be offline big brands are struggling. The reason for existing offline activities, mainly to move four or six generations of consumption online as offline sales of the company is being reduced. Specific offline in the future (Costco, Daiso) or offline can have value only (billiards room, and a bowling lane) million companies that will survive. And large offline bidders from 19 in Corona as online and offline remains an attempt to weave a heightened sense of crisis. Therefore, I naturally become more online business has increased.

5주차(2)

Corona19 brought about the acceleration of the digital economy. Overseas, smartwork was introduced. In order to solve low birthrates as common issues of advanced countries, Smartwork has been implemented in earnest since the 1990s. The U.S. has actively introduced the Smartwork since 1993 to cope with changes in the workforce structure, including women‘s advancement into society and the increase in the elderly population. With the aim of maintaining its population of 100 million, Japan has adopted the flexible work system as a key national policy to overcome the low birthrate since 2015. In order to prevent a decrease in population due to low birth rates, Britain enacted the right to claim flexible work in 2013 as the general right of all workers. A domestic case is that discussions on "home work" have become active since the mass infection of call centers. Samsung Electronics introduced ‘select‘ive working hours and flexible working hours. In addition, working hours can be freely adjusted within 40 hours per week per month, not 40 hours per week. Naver has implemented a full-choice working hour system. This means that you can work as much as you want without having to fill eight hours a day or 40 hours a week, and you can also commute to and from work on your own. Invision has conducted remote work for InVision. Of course, the introduction of smart work does not only have advantages. Collaboration has the disadvantage of being somewhat uncomfortable and inefficient. Nevertheless, objectively assessed, smartwork has a greater positive effect on both individuals and businesses. In addition to these direct effects, studies have shown that it is also effective in resolving traffic jams and stabilizing real estate prices through decentralization of central cities. Smartwork is now becoming one of the natural types of work that is not subject to review. In the future, these smratworks will be accelerated by Corona19, so companies will have to be prepared to invest in IT solutions and refine organizational culture accordingly, and members will need to change their consciousness for the smartwork era.

6주차(1)

We need to predict the future of society that will change after Corona, and based on this, we need to find promising technologies that the government can use as basic data such as establishing investment strategies. In order to respond to the uncertain and rapid environmental changes caused by Corona 19 and others, a permanent future forecasting system is needed. Prospective technologies derived through future forecasting research can be used by governments, research institutes, and companies as basic data such as establishing investment strategies for post-corona era. The world‘s environment has changed a lot since Corona. The transition to a non-face-to-face society has taken place and related regulations have been eased. It is predicted that non-face-to-face society through online will become routine and that regulatory barriers to online tools such as telemedicine will be eased. Corona19 is expected to accelerate the speed at which over-technology is applied to the industry, triggering a new type of innovation. The medical system has also changed a lot due to Corona 19. A perfect end to the Corona 19 Pandemics is impossible, and the medical system is expected to shift from patient care to health care. And our society will now be a new normal society ‘where‘ danger and surveillance are commonplace. In the process of responding to the Corona 19, the government‘s authority will be expanded by restricting movement or drawing up economic stimulus measures. And real-time monitoring will be feared to become routine due to the development of tracking and monitoring technologies to prevent the spread of infection. The global economy has entered a recession as it faces a blackswan of Corona19. The government‘s role is to expand the role of government and increase government credibility due to the Corona. In addition, it will receive positive reviews such as prompt inspection of Corona 19, transparency, and a system of cooperation between the government and the public. The daily lives of the people have changed a lot. In order to practice social distancing, online worship, online education, and online meetings have spread, changing existing daily lives.

6주차(2)

We‘ve had a lot of daily changes with Corona19. Times have already changed and we must be talented accordingly. The transition to a non-face-to-face society has made non-face-to-face services routine. As a result, the importance of non-face-to-face communication technology increased. In addition, offline space has been replaced by online space. Social relations were established online, and telecommuting, online education, and telemedicine were expanded. As these things happened, the market dominance of digital cultural products naturally expanded. With the expansion of Corona 19, the bio-health market has taken the opportunity. As the concept of health expanded to encompass individual and social ecology, competition for the development of corona 19 vaccines emerged. International cooperation in the medical field was strengthened by itself, and the status of Korean masks and diagnostic kits was strengthened. As our daily lives were limited to Corona 19, self-centeredness was strengthened. Now a new bond has been formed in favor of national interests. Corona 19 has changed many things as well as our daily lives. Health care, education, transportation, logistics, manufacturing, environment, culture and information security have changed a lot of ours. It is more hygienic and non-face-to-face than before. Taking culture as an example, the culture of non-face-to-face and impact on the cultural industry in physical space has developed. The value of ‘Korea brand‘ has also increased through proper response to Corona Pandemic. HOME ECONOMY and SINGLE ECONOMY were also accelerated.

7주차(1)

Based on the prospect of the phlegm by major area of post-corona era, 25 promising technologies were derived in consideration of technological innovation and socioeconomic ripple effects. Examples of technologies introduced include healthcare, education, transportation, logistics, manufacturing, environment, culture and information security. Education was transformed into a non-face-to-face society, requiring virtual mixed reality technology for realistic education. In addition, customized learning technologies based on ai big data were required. Because it was an online class, large-capacity communication technology was needed. With the Corona 19, the environment has created robots that collect and transport medical waste as new challenges and opportunities arise in the bio-health market. Culture became a non-face-to-face society with Corona 19, and gis 3d film technology based on real-life relay services and drones developed. Examples of healthcare include digital therapy and ai-based real-time disease diagnosis technology. Digital therapy is a treatment content technology that has been approved by the FDA or the Food and Drug Administration for treatment instead of drugs that consume mental illness and psychology. This technology can cure non-face-to-face mental disorders such as depression, addiction, and post-traumatic stress disorder. AI-based real-time instruction diagnosis technology is a SW technology that determines whether a patient has a disease or not through medical big data analysis and provides the most suitable treatment. This technology enables real-time disease diagnosis. Other technologies include real-time biometric technology, prediction technology for the spread of infectious diseases, vaccine technology against RNA viruses, and virtual hybrid reality technology for realistic education. An example of transportation is large-capacity communication technology using online classes. This technology is a network technology that distributes traffic and delivers it to users in order to quickly and reliably deliver large-scale contents such as online lectures. There is also a self-driving car for transporting Kamham‘s suspect, which was made by Corona 19. This technology is a city-specific unmanned autonomous driving service that connects people suspected of infection to airports, homes, hospitals, or major hubs. This technology has the advantage of being able to respond to various dangers such as natural disasters and radioactivity with unmanned personnel, so it can prevent the spread of mucus infection.In addition, there are integrated transportation services and ICT-based logistics information integration platforms. Manufacturing techniques include human enhancement technology, cooperative robots, and robots that collect and transport medical waste. Cooperative robots are primarily designed to interact with humans at production sites and are designed to perform simple repetitive tasks, precision tasks, and risk tasks on production sites instead of humans to help humans work in a safe environment. It is used as a cooperative robot for automobile design process, quality inspection, assembly process for street lamps, cooperative robot for plant, packaging process for cosmetics, and cooperative robot for multi-category production process. We should derive promising technologies by considering technological innovation and socioeconomic ripple effects based on the future vision prospects of each major area of post-Corona era, and it is necessary to establish a permanent future prediction system to cope with the uncertain and rapid environmental changes caused by Corona 19th place.

7주차(2)

9주차(1)

It has already been four months since Corona 19 was first known to the world by a Chinese doctor. The initial prediction that Corona19‘s impact would be very limited and short-term was completely wrong. The impact is now spreading from China beyond Asia to the rest of the world, bringing fear to many, and four months later, there is no sign of abating and is getting worse. Corona 19 will change not only our lives but also the AI industry ecosystem landscape, and some say that new horizons will be opened around AI startups directly or indirectly related to Hanupe Corona 19, which is expected to become stronger in the winner-take-all structure of existing platforms such as Google, Amazon, Microsoft and Facebook. While Corona 19 and AI have various issues, the Institute for Information and Communication Policy prepared a special issue under the theme "Corona 19 and AI." A total of six manuscripts were included, paying attention to the AI role before and after Corona 19, and the changes in the AI industry ecosystem following Corona 19. One thing to say is that as Corona 19 emerged as one of the biggest challenges facing the world in the 21st century in a short period of time, the use of AI and big data has increased as a means to overcome fendemics. The use of AI and big data is drawing attention as efforts are underway in many countries to quickly block the spread of the virus and find proper treatment methods at a time when most Inlu is suffering indirectly by Corona 19. AI data is used throughout the previous period of the national quarantine system from the beginning to the end of the epidemic, enabling effective response to the Korona 19 crisis. During the Corona 19 response process, AI data greatly contributed to upgrading the performance of the quarantine system and promoting public stability throughout the previous period of the national quarantine system.  By utilizing AI data, the company maximized the value of innovative technologies and established a proactive management and response system against another type of infectious disease that could occur in the future. Securing high-quality data is more important than Moore in order to achieve desired results by utilizing AI data, but there are also pre-emptive systems such as privacy and related human rights issues in the process. As there is a lack of past infectious disease-related data to train AI models, and the large amount of noise data and unique data are also found to be problems as social media traffic increases, it is important to secure more high-quality data in the future. When public health is seriously threatened by transgender soldiers, a flexible approach is needed to use personal data aimed at combating infectious diseases.

9주차(2)

Today is the 2020 Korea Regional Development Association International Seminar. Topics include balanced regional development, subscription economy and capital relocation.

Professor Hong Soon-min, who will explain the reasons and logic of the early Joseon Dynasty, will summarize his words. The candidate sites for Cheondo were Gyeryongsan Mountain, Hanyang, and Muak. There was a Muhak ambassador‘s folktale about these thousand islands. The historical fact is that King Taejo Lee Seong-gye was the one who made up his mind to find the destination of the new capital. Hanyang has long been highly praised for its good appearance on the outside and inside of the mountain, and it is said that it is a place ‘where‘ the Tory is equal in all directions, and ‘where‘ ships and floats can communicate well. It is south of Bukhansan Mountain, the last mountain in the North Korean Mountains, and Hanyang is north of the Han River. During the Joseon Dynasty, Hanyang was the topography north of the Han River. Sergeant Dopyeong said Jongmyo is a place to worship the gods of successive kings and to enhance the spirit of filial piety and respect, while the palace is a place to show off the dignity of the king and to honor the spirit, and the fortress walls are a place to consolidate the country by thoroughly distinguishing the interior. He expressed his opinion that the three must be made to complete the capital. From Taejong to Sejong University, Hansungbu has greatly improved. The process was not smooth and very confusing. These kings built the foundation of new power and dynasties and led Joseon through the Hanyang Cheondo.

10주차(1)

While Corona 19 is expected to bring about major changes in people‘s lifestyle and lifestyles, AI is expected to play an important role in the process. These changes, which have become compulsory and essential to activities that account for most of everyday life, such as working style, education, learning, consumption, and culture, are likely to be settled in a long-term and fundamental lifestyle. Corona has quickly made people familiar with remote anaerobic tools, such as video chatting, as companies introduce telecommuting, and if there are no major problems with productivity, companies will be able to embrace telecommuting extensively and change the way they operate in the future. On the other hand, discussions on political support for changing the working environment, such as changing ideas on factors that interfered with existing telecommuting or flexible work, demanding government guidelines for telecommuting, and enacting legislation to prevent the spread of emotional diseases, will serve as an opportunity to boost discussions on political support for changing the working environment. Discussions on telecommuting have become an issue due to the Corona 19 incident, but since flexible work itself is not a legislative matter, there is no legal means to enforce or encourage it. As the demand for non-contact medical services is increasing due to corona, and telemedicine is temporarily allowed in Korea to prevent the spread of infectious diseases and protect medical staff and medical institutions, it is hoped that discussions on the expansion of telemedicine in the future will be activated and demands for full introduction will be intensified. The education sector is expected to face a new turning point with the introduction of online education in public education due to the Korona 19 as traditional education is evolving into E-learning through digitalization. It is hard to predict how long the school will continue to take a leave of absence due to Corona 19, but it is expected that EduTech‘s introduction will accelerate to make up for the lack of quality and efficiency of education due to online opening. The government is also seeking to expand the Edu-Tech market in the mid- to long-term to fill the educational vacuum caused by Korona‘s absence and online opening. In addition, the Corona19 changes the way people spend their money, and the online business is becoming more active, and the demand for non-contact services is expected to continue with the expansion of consumerz, which has experienced the everydayization of social distance after Korona 19. Non-contact consumers have expanded to 50-60 units due to the Corona19, and consumer products have expanded in a variety of ways. Corona19 lowered the psychological barrier to contactless consumption as people in their 50s and older, who are not familiar with online shopping, also began online shopping to order food and daily necessities. The social distinctions initiated by Corona19 have caused fundamental changes in the lifestyles of people around the world.

10주차(2)

While new AI companies stand out in the process of responding to Corona 19 based on new technologies in various fields, existing platforms and cloud companies are providing AI solutions for Corona 19 responses or becoming the focal point of the joint response system. There are two perspectives that predict changes in the competition structure of the AI industry due to coronavirus infection. One of them is the view that domestic and foreign AI start-ups can use the Corona situation as an opportunity for corporate growth and development. In fact, more than 50 tech unicorns were found during the economic downturn, and more than half of the top 500 companies were set up in recession or weak markets. Another view is that many AI start-ups will face investment difficulties and liquidity shortages in the wake of the economic slowdown, and therefore there is a possibility that global dinosaur companies will lead the AI industry. As collaboration with AI platforms and cloud service providers is expanded in the process of responding to Corona 19, there is a possibility that they will have stronger power in the AI service supply market. Nevertheless, AI start-ups at home and abroad will be able to enter the market and set the stage for growth in the direct and indirect areas of Corona 19 response. Existing companies will also develop, and Corona 19 will accelerate the expansion of existing AI platforms and cloud companies. With the outbreak of Corona 19, the AI industry will form a big force around global dinosaur companies that provide major platforms, cloud services, regardless of the emergence of start-ups. However, Corona 19 can be an opportunity or a threat to AI startups. Overall, coronavirus infections will lead to a decrease in investment in startups, which will also be unavoidable in the AI sector. However, there is a possibility that investment in AI startups will increase. Already, steady investment is being made in the medical sector, which is directly related to Corona 19, among AI start-ups, and Corona19 will further spread this trend and play a role of tactile. In the end, the degree of direct association with Corona 19 and the level of technology and capital will have an important impact on determining the competitive structure of the AI industry. A single change in industrial competition structure cannot be predicted, but technology levels and capital will be important variables, and there will be great opportunities for AI start-ups in areas such as health care, which are directly related to powerful technology and emotional diseases. Therefore, in order to form a healthy AI industry landscape with diversity in terms of field and scale, government support to withstand the recession will also play an important role.

11주차(1)

Data are the readings of the recorded symbols and signals. Big data is a source of national competitiveness in digital society. The key is how high-quality digital information is active. It has emerged as a key resource that can be used to create the social and economic value of the country. The characteristics of big data include size, speed, diversity, value and sincerity. The amount of big data refers to the size of the data. Attributes include TB, records, transactions, files, etc. In big data, diversity is the form of data. Other forms of data reached for receiving purposes, such as pictures, videos, and audio. Attributes are structured, unstructured, semi-structured, various factors, probability, etc. Speed in big data refers to the speed of data. Attributes have layout, real-time, processing, flow, etc. The truth in big data tells the quality of the data and the accuracy of the acquired data content. Attributes have reliability, authenticity, uniqueness, availability, and explanatory responsibilities. Value for big data talks about the importance of data. Attributes are statistical, event-based, official, hypothetical, etc. Additional characteristics of big data include large-scale, realistic, time-series, and combination. Large-scale characteristics have improved data collection, storage, processing power and enable sophisticated pattern analysis based on real-world data. Due to its realism, the accumulation of real and real-time information, such as the increase in data records in everyday life, is expected to surge. In addition, cognitive flow of information, such as personal experience, recognition and preference, has increased. Time series have enabled us to analyze the trends in time flow, such as past, present and future. The combination of big data has brought new meaning information back through the combination of different fields such as health care, crime, environment and security, and disparate data. Prior to the actual physical coupling, the areas of pre-simulation and stability verification through the combination of data could be invoked. The benefits of big data include the composition of emotions, checking risks, critical transparency, rational decision making and enhancing government trust. The task of utilizing big data in e-government can be divided into three categories. The technology lacks the compatibility of current IT systems, so rapid big data processing modeling and analysis methods need to be developed. There must be some people who don‘t trust technology, so they have to come up with a way to persuade them. Business processes require public and private partnerships and collaboration. Also, we need to build a community and network.

11주차(2)

Adding meaning to the data makes information. Information is a message that contains relevant meaning, implication, or comments about a decision or action based on data. The purpose of information is to help make decisions, solve problems, and realize opportunities. In addition, information is meant to be contextual through relational connections. Information is an object that conveys numbers, artificial and natural languages, importance and meaning. Information is given meaning, relevance and purpose. Information is also related to human intentions. Knowledge is acquired through learning, recognition, or discovery, and as a result, through the creation of ideas and the accumulation of experiences, understanding, judgment, reasoning, and insight into the situation. Knowledge increases awareness and understanding of situations and problems and is the state of knowing or knowing something. Knowledge is the ability to understand and grasp the nature of problems and situations, to come up with reasonable alternatives and predict the future. Therefore knowledge is a series of conceptual structures maintained in the human brain. The characteristic of knowledge is that the effect depends on memory, expertise, experience, opportunity, and transfer mechanism. In addition, it only works when used, and ideas vary depending on the situation and event. Therefore, it develops through the learning process. Information is the context of the data and knowledge is information, experience, and intuition. Information is easy to transfer, but knowledge needs learning to transfer. In addition, information can be reproduced, but knowledge cannot be reproduced the same. Information alone is not sufficient to predict, but it is predictable if you own the knowledge you need, intelligence is the ability to acquire, apply, modify, expand and use a report to solve problems. The higher the level of intelligence, the more capable you are of recognizing targets and events, applying knowledge to situations, and deducing future plans. Intelligence is innate, but knowledge can be acquired through the learning process. Intelligence is unique to each individual, but knowledge is multi-faceted and can be the same for many others. Wisdom is the ability to understand and make good decisions and judge the nature of a situation or problem based on experience and knowledge. Intelligence is the ability to apply to formal problem situations, but wisdom is unstructured and can lead to a clue to solving problems in new situations. Intelligence only understands and understands trees or forests, but wisdom sees trees and forests at the same time and understands and grasps them in a comprehensive context.

12주차(1)

We aim at the methods of data collection and the rapid quantitative growth of the collected data. Geography has long brought mobility, which has been recognized as one of the important trends for the past 5 to 15 years, and has produced and utilized a large number of location information due to many devices using the Internet. Data generation will be active and increasingly passive. Social media users such as Twitter and Facebook will generate vast amounts of spatial data without realizing that they are generating detailed information that is collected by users in their daily activities. Many online companies are already analyzing and interpreting information in this way. And the proliferation of location-based services has been one of the major trends over the past five to ten years, and more data will be generated over these paths over the next five to ten years. Generating vast amounts of data involves the requirement to understand the data. Many people are paying attention to "location" that helps define and understand patterns in the rich data being generated. But we are currently struggling with data overload. In general, this is because our ability to generate data precedes the ability to use the data needed to effectively solve the problem. While this proliferation of information-generating devices occurs worldwide, the budget required to manage and analyze data in an effective manner may not be properly distributed. Although many developing countries have developed in mobile communications, the absence of fiber optics and central processing power will inhibit the ownership of opportunities from these technologies. We will also experience an increase in demand for spatial information over the next five to 10 years to support the development of related ecosystems and support the ‘new ecosystem‘ that serves as a platform. The emergence and use of this accurate location information provides opportunities and will form a key part of the information technology infrastructure. Nevertheless, the use of these methods will raise the issue of spatial management in the future. The Global Positioning System (GNSS) technology is the trend, and major changes across the spectrum of user devices will occur within five years with the launch of next-generation GNSS satellites. The GNSS satellite will enable rapid acquisition of data with high accuracy and integrity, even in poor conditions. User devices will be able to integrate with other technologies for the development of complete and ubiquitous geodetic technologies.

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What are fiscal policies in the changing world? The collection and management of spatial data and related government agencies have relied on public funds to support their activities. Therefore, it is expected that the recognition of the value of spatial data, the benefits resulting from it, and the need for continuous budget support needed to maintain data accuracy will be one of the key tasks for national guidance agencies. Traditional pricing and licensing models for people who pay for access to geographic information are very complex and seem expensive and difficult for many users. Nevertheless, less or no access to spatial data will remain a challenge for NMCAs to continue to address. The rapid growth of mobile technology and social media has changed the perception of privacy policies in various societies. Especially in the online space, many people have a desire not to be isolated and like to promote information about themselves and their activities. With the advent of the "Internet of Things," ‘where‘ all the devices we use are continuously online, most individuals will almost always be able to be posted online. In fact, it would be extremely difficult to be excluded from other individuals or institutions without participating. The spatial information community is a typical industry that creates and maintains general and open standards in a common sense. Currently, these signs are OGC. Open and general technical standards and languages are now well established, and the use of experts is increasing. Understanding technical requirements and necessary training is an important factor for maximizing spatial data value over the next five to ten years. The initial decisions and activities of these issues are essential because it takes at least five years to develop training for the proper abilities of individuals. The demand for manpower development will far exceed supply. The seriousness has been proved by recent announcements by the world‘s largest economies that have made substantial investments in spatial information over the past 18 months. The emergence of large-scale global communication through mobile technology enriched geographic information data, opening the potential of both already passive and actively under-represented groups. For example, volunteers from the Haiti earthquake are well-known for enriching sources of information and providing the necessary data in case of emergency. But its potential is enormous and will become increasingly aware of it over the next decade. Many of the aforementioned changes will have a significant impact on the government‘s role in the provision and management of spatial data. However, it is not possible to increase the number of organizations and agencies that collect geographic information, and the actual base of NMCAs and geographic information and the entity‘s users are likely to rely entirely on the private sector or VGI‘s data. As technology continues to evolve and barriers to entry into a large-scale mapping environment are lowered, we will see the competition of the private sector become fiercer in areas of potentially high economic value, especially in high-density urban areas. If investment in spatial information management infrastructure has been made but is still in the initial stage of development, the government can play a key role in encompassing various aspects to promote the vision of a space-oriented society. The investment value is that there is a return on investment to show the NMCA to take responsibility for funding. International examples support this by showing how spatial information has been used for economic and social benefits.

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Big data begins in liberal arts. What are the conditions for big data innovation? The most important thing is planning. The best planning is the best innovation. You can‘t succeed if you don‘t plan properly. Planning is done by the decision maker. Therefore, decision makers need to study big data and artificial intelligence. The second condition of big data innovation is data with the highest quantity and quality guaranteed. When analyzing data, we have to think about whether there are conflicting results, which is called consistency checks. The third condition of big data innovation is accessibility. There is a huge difference between the existence of data and the availability of it for me, at first, the access was separated simply for convenience. But it became ‘silo.‘ ‘Siloh‘ is a culture that does not communicate with other departments. However, data utilization will increase only when walls that prevent communication are broken. The fourth innovation condition for big data innovation is whether there are analysts to analyze data. In the past, I made decisions based on my senses and experience. But if you want to grow one step further, you need an open mind that accepts data and changes in your organization. Will the expansion of artificial intelligence lead to a world ‘where‘ people‘s jobs disappear and everything depends on artificial intelligence? Maybe, but it‘s probably a very distant future. It is certain that artificial intelligence is expanding, but there is no intention of artificial intelligence at the moment. That is why the probability of artificial intelligence occupying the human world is close to zero. What if artificial intelligence replaces some boring tasks? Perhaps humans can devote their time and effort to creative work, and the characteristic of the younger generation is that they are digital-friendly by producing and consuming data themselves from childhood. In addition, there are plenty of opportunities to study artificial intelligence and data analysis. Finally, it is differentiated from older generations by knowing data well. Therefore, there will be more opportunities for younger generations who are more active in utilizing data than older generations. Because the future is dominated by people who understand data. My Data is a process in which individuals actively manage, control, and actively utilize their information. In other words, the authority to decide the utilization of information given to the owner of the information. This can prevent the concentration of information. We must stop the concentration of information. Big Brother is a term derived from the novel ‘1984‘ by British novelist George Orwell, which refers to administrative power, or such a social system, that controls society exclusively by information. What should I do if I want to get out of my daily routine ‘where‘ everything is being dataized? The only way to escape is to live in the mountains without using a cell phone or watching TV. We now have to consider how we can‘t get out of our daily lives when everything is being dataized and how we will survive in this world.

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The government has changed as technology advances. It has become a user-centered public information service. It also became a public information service for public, private and public cooperation. It has become a public information service that maximizes accessibility. Currently, the government is vitalizing cyber organizations such as cyber committees. Online public discussion and policy real-name system are being implemented. However, a user-centered future government is voluntarily joined by citizens. It also needs participation from the lower classes of the organization. That is why we pursue practical public good. It is also an administration that transcends time and space. The current government of public announcement government is centered on users who are familiar with information and IT technology. In other words, it means service provider-centric. However, future governments with maximum accessibility through convergence will have equal access to information. Therefore, cheap and universal services will be provided. Platform-type government emerged following the development of technology, which includes the interconnection function, the ability to attempt and strengthen links between subjects, and the ability to create added value. The interconnection function is the exchange of values that are mutually owned among users. The ability to attempt and strengthen linkage between subjects means that targets that have not previously been interconnected will have a new connection. The value-added creation function means that the wealth of society is significant due to the reduction of costs and the creation of new value-added values. Public information materials and rights information, expansion of access to public information, establishment and operation of a support center for public information utilization, revision of relevant laws for public information provision, inducement of public information expansion, enhancement of land management for quality information provision, strengthening the continuity of public services, providing public information through Open API, finding and strengthening public information utilization services by private companies, holding seminars on private use of public information, and forming a related consultative body. Examples of public information provision and utilization include the Seoul Metropolitan Government and the Korean Intellectual Property Office. The Seoul Metropolitan Government aired information on IPTV about Seoul‘s major tourism, culture, and hobbies. In addition, the Korean Intellectual Property Office provided patent information and re-processed it with customized information according to the needs of companies and the private sector. The Korean Culture and Information Center of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism used traditional patterns for trauma design in historical dramas. Also, it was used for the background screen and character costume of the game. The South Jeolla Provincial Government used the contents of the Incheon World City Festival Ubiquitous Service to produce virtual fish for fishing games in a digital pond. It also developed an app to provide more than 200 kinds of images and information.

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작성자	조현우

In order to solve pending issues such as low birth rates, aging population, increasing youth unemployment, and social polarization, the government and the public need to be able to solve the problem based The improvement of people‘s happiness and the improvement of individual quality of life are highlighted as major values, and the emphasis is placed on social, environmental and economic sustainable development for the present and future permanence. With the successful implementation of Government 3.0, e-government has been re-recognized as a strategic means of government innovation, highlighting its importance. A fundamental demand for redesigning administrative services to meet the people‘s eye level, such as increasing public awareness, diverse needs of individuals and upgrading and diversifying public services. As intelligent information technology such as IoT, cloud, big data, and AI are rapidly being used in many parts of society, a new e-government strategy is needed to support them. With the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, we should create an e-government ecosystem that creates and promotes new value-added products through the fusion of technology, services and industries. Most of the administrative information by PC-based online service activation institutions and units will be completed. It will establish a foundation for the integrated management of government information resources such as the Government Integrated Computer Center and the pan-government EEA. U.N. e-Government Assessment: To raise the global status of e-Government by achieving the top spot for three consecutive times. Personalized services without time and space constraints through mobile, O2O, and public-private partnerships are insufficient. The integrated work environment through the connection and integration of tasks and functions without boundaries between departments and the sharing of real-time information is immature. Lack of response to new security threat factors due to the proliferation of new technologies such as IoT, cloud, AI, etc., lack of global leadership in industrial development and job creation through e-government. It will drive sustainable development from enhancing efficiency and transparency to solving pending social issues such as welfare and disaster. Expand public-private cooperation not only in the administrative sector but also in the political and social sectors to promote social production and the delivery of public services. It is used as a center of intelligent information technology in utilizing conversion information technology from segmented service to personalized service.

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In today‘s lecture, the professor gave a notice about the final exam.