출석 및 과제점검표

학과:행정학과

학번:21506663

주(날짜)	출석(당일)	지각(해당주)	결석(그이후)	과제	비고
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8주차(1) (4/30)	○				대체강의
8주차(2) (5/2)	○
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9주차(5/9)	○				대체강의
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10주차(2) (5/16)	○
11주차(1) (5/21)	○
11주차(2) (5/23)	○
12주차(1) (5/28)	○				재택수업
12주차(2) (5/30)	○				재택수업
13주차(1) (6/4)	○
(6/6)	○				현충일
14주차(1) (6/11)	○
(6/13)	○				공휴일
(6/18)	○				기말고사
(6/20)	○				기말고사
(4/28)				5/4
(6/20)				6/17
계	32	0	0	2

이름:강영빈

강의 요약 정리

1주차(1)

사회가 변화하는 가운데 사회의 중심인 인간은 어떻게 살아야하는가?(특히나는 어떻게 살아야 하는가?)

1. 사회의 변화

농경사회에서 산업사회로 비꼈을 때 가장 큰 특징은 농경사회의 구조를 해체하고 소량에서 대량으로 넘어선 점이다. 하지만 환경의 파괴와 자원 고갈이라는 문제점을 만나고 사람들은 지식정보사회로 새로운 사회를 만든다. 농경에서 사회로 넘어갈 때처럼 지식정보사회로 넘어오는 시점에도 그 전의 구조를 해체하고 바꿔나갈 것이다. 그러므로 그 사회에 맞추어 인간은 사고하고 행동해야한다.

2. 정보사회

정보사회의 가장 큰 특징은 인간과 컴퓨터의 결합이다. 인터넷과 네트워크가 생기면서 기억과 지식은 컴퓨터로 창조는 인간이 하는 사회가 온 것이고 시간과 공간의 제약 없이 정보가 전달되는 시대가 온 것이다.

3. 우리는 무엇을 해야 하는가?

우리는 창조적인 도구들을 공부해야한다. 그러고 나서 그 많은 창조의 도구들 중 내가 나아가야 할 바를 선택해야 한다. 마지막으로 우리는 우리의 인생에 대해서 의문을 품고 답을 찾아가야 한다.

During Changing Society, ?(What should I do?)

1. Changing SocietyWhat should Human do

When society was changed agrarian society to industrial society, the most important feature was to dissolve structure and to make large quantity production.

But human met big problem which is environmental problem and resource depletion. That’s why information-oriented society is occurred. So, the society is changed like when it was changed agrarian society to industrial society. Therefore, human should think and behave about changing society.

2. Information-oriented society

The most important feature about information-oriented society is combination about human and the computer. Nowadays, the society is came that human create and the computer memorize and keep the information. Also, we can send the information when we want and ‘where‘ we want.

3. What should we do?

We should study about creative tools. And then, we choose something what we will do. Finally, we must have question about our life and find the answer.

1주차(2)

2장 What are basic requirements for the students and Paradigm Shift?

1. For the student

Students should do best in their life like keep the health and study as so as possible. And read what kinds of society now.

2. For paradigm shift

- Agricultural society : We can not deliver our information. If we want it, we should run to destination.

- Industrial age : It really develop the economic but it cause side effect which is pollution and climate changes. Also, a scarcity of resources is problem.

- Information age : We don’t have any limit to deliver our information because of internet and computer. That’s why student should learn how to use internet. And students do not know how to use their information and study. So, they need to study the real study to accept this age.

2주차(1)

New paradigm

Like we studied paradigm’s history, it is changing. Agricultural society was gone and Industrial age causes side effect so we need new paradigm which is Information age. Computer was made for human’s brain. I mean that computer’s role is to become human’s brain. Therefore, it is the most important thing which is to become a useful man to use computer well like our brain. And, Information age is very necessary to our world in many area like politics, administration, technology etc. There are a lot of people in the world but we don’t have enough time that’s why Information age is being required.

2주차(2)

Fourth Industrial Revolution

Many things have developed until now. Human, tool and industry are example of that. Especially, the industry has occurred 4 revolution 1 to 4. When we met industry revolution which is industry revolution 1 to 3, many things were changed but today we focus on the fourth industry revolution. the fourth industry revolution is different with the others. There are the fourth industry revolution’s points that are physics like new material, 3D print, etc and digital like financial dealings, Internet of Things, etc. Then, the fourth industry revolution of main agents are Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Internet of Things, 5G, Robot, VR, AR, 3D Printing, Radio-Frequency Identification, Connected Car and Smart Work. If we achieve this kinds of things, we can face Smart Education, Smart Factory, Smart Business, Smart agriculture, Smart Home, Smart Health Care and Smart leisure. However, there are not only good things. We can also face problems that are national security, quality and workforce. In the future we can make 5th Industrial Revolution by using nanotechnology and biology. I expect it.

3주차(1)

It is hard to define what is the information because it is inessential. But we can call it message to decide decision making for human or the organization. There are 7 basic characteristics of information. First one is non-consumption. It is immortal even though it is used. Second, possible to copy and cannot distingush the original with copy. Third, it is cumulative effects. It is getting better when it is accumulated. Fourth, non-transferable. It is more valuable when many people use it as soon as possible. Fifth, non-depreciation and no change in quality. It is no need to prepare depreciation. Sixth, the Time. It is getting worse when it gets old. Last one is that there is no division about consumer and producer. The information has many characteristic like I mention. Also, there are some quality of information. Formal effects, Time effects, Location effects, Ownership effects are quality of information. Nowadays, internet is brain of human so we should think and do about how to conjugate this brain. Who do well that one to become who make a reform.

3주차(2)

Now, world is changing. I mean we are living in each city which is changing exactly it is developing very fast about its economy, dwelling, traffic and environment. Also, people’s interest is getting huge bigger. Nowadays, we call the city which will be ubiquitous city(We call it U-city). It means that the city will be any‘where‘ we want. I think the main point of U-city is intellectualization. The city will be automation and intellectualization. According to that, we can solve the problem that modern city has something about space, traffic, environment, etc. Because U-city is thinking and make a solution automatically. So, the country should make cooperation network about IT and build to make a well-balanced city. Then devise a long-range phased plan about U-city.

4주차(1)

What is a public information system?

1. Introduction

Public information systems are information systems available for public use. There are three generations of public information systems. First, information packaging systems, which provide minimal sharing. Second, information retri systems, with provision for the sharing of data but not of processes, and Third, information processing systems, which provide maximal sharing of data and processes.

2. Purposes, Usages, and Users of Public Information Systems

The purpose of a public information system is to provide some kind of service or support to a public process, or process involving "the general public" or "society at large".

The actors involved in a public information system will usually belong to the following three categories that are private persons and households/families in their roles as citizens, clients, customers, business companies and other types of organisations, e.g. non-profit organisations and government agencies and institutions on different levels.

4주차(2)

Information society has personal environment. There are so many new sections that are amalgamative. Therefore, all of the people can be the winner in each part so information society has personal environment. If we handle information society, it make international environment. Advanced country makes effort about developing information infrastructure and applicational software. And international trend of informatization is to exploit information technology. Then, there are six kinds of international trend of informatization that are restructuring instrument of nation-wide level by the informatization, information propulsion planning in the nation-wide level, diffusion of internet utilization and change of economic activity, electronic government and e-democracy diffusion, the interrelated informatization of world-wide level and internet of things, internet of many things, and internet of everything. Next, characteristics of domestic environments of information society. it has three characteristics that are propulsion system of informatization, promotion of ICT and contents develment and ‘select‘ion of first priority industry and propulsion of informatization.

5주차(1)

A public information system supports tasks and processes in which different types of actors are involved in different roles. The data used and produced by a public information system may be categorised indifferent ways. There are some explanations such as Operative data Directive data Procedural data Metadata Process data, or paradata and Archival data. Actually, public data and public information services should, in principle, be treated analogously to other public goods and services. There are few important differences between public information systems and other types of information systems. In our discussion in the previous section of technical issues in connection with public information systems we repeatedly touched upon organisational problems. Also, public information systems distinguish themselves from other information systems by means of certain characteristics. Public information systems are from different perspectives, and we have discussed and exemplified possible purposes and contents of such systems, as well as technical solutions and organisational and legal matters. Since public information systems should be a major concern for politicians, information systems practitioners, and the public at large, it is more important than ever that research on such systems is relevant in the sense discussed by many authors7 during the debate on "rigour versus relevance“

5주차(2)

Information-oriented society gives many benefits to the people such as to make global village. It means that we can delivery what we want because of internet. In the past, if we want to deliver our information, we should go to the some places which we should go but now we do not need that kinds of method. I want to say that nowadays we can do anything what we want without restriction. That’s why I think we must learn and teach how to use the information-oriented society. Even thought some people mention the electronic government so it is inevitable to study information-oriented society. Of course, we can not ignore some problems that are concentration, stable support of software or hardware etc. Finally, I wish that we learn may things about information-oriented society to do internet class because of COVID-19. From crisis to opportunity!

6주차(1)

GIS is Geographic Information System. It means a System of computer software, hardware and data, and personnel to help manipulate, analyze and present information that is tied to a spatial location. We are interested in GIS because of predicting the future. So GIS has a big data in the spatial information. Also, GIS can analyze many things by using hardware. In summary, GIS arranges off-line data in the on-line. Now, It is universal and necessary.

6주차(2)

We can meet the date and information nowadays. And, we can arrange categorization of the data. First one is Positional Data that is the information which show the point or line on the imagine and map. It can divide to Relative Positional Data and Absolute Positional Data. Second one is descriptive data. It can divide to Graphic Data, Image Data and Attribute Data. Graphic Data is to explain numerical explanation and special element on the map by using six figure which are point, line, polygon, pixel, grid cell and symbol. Image Data is using image from satellite and plane to make numerical. Last one, Attribute Data indicates characteristic, quality, relationship and topographical position. Next, when we input some data, we use Vector and Raster form. So, if we search about character of them. Vector express space data by point, line and polygon(they enter by x,y coordinate). And, we can manage by object and it is easy to make phase structure. However, it is hard to maintain and manage data. Next, Raster data is similar with picture and saves by cell or pixel. But, quantity of data is too huge and it is hard to update.

9주차(1)

The society is changing because of information technology and communications technology. The government of feature is also changing. Nowadays, some special words emerge due to new technology like e-government. If we see the history of that kinds of technology, Hewlett Packard is made in 1939, Internet started in 1969, we can send the e-mail in 1971, there were internet shopping in 1995, Youtube was started in 2005 and Window series were launched. According to history of technology, e-government is magnified. ICT(information and communications technology) influences to administration, culture, economy and society. Technology is changing the policy.

9주차(2)

Because of ICT(information and communications technology), there are E-government. Existing government is affected by e-government such as improvement of process of government, making a transparency of governmen, people can participate easily, cooperation between organs etc. Of course, it has pros and cons. It makes people can trust the government, making society, education, service and health, increase transparency and responsibility, improvement of public service etc. Also, there are problem of that are security, lack of membership, shortage of ICT skill, too much cost, being afraid of changing, invasion of privacy etc. However, like government’s administration is changing because of developing of technology, we can check the next part which is the 4 Industrial Revolution. If we expect that, we can add some new technology to now and there will be superintelligence, superfusion, high acceleration etc.

10주차(1)

E-government make new paradigm about many areas like reengineering, BPR(business process reengineering), process redesign etc. First af all, reengineering is to rethink fundamental and to redesign radical about core business processes for returning in triumph dramatic on quality, cost, service etc. Second one is BPR. It is also to redesign radical about business processes, structure, information system, value of organization. And, it secures competitiveness of organization. BPR’s core elements are process, fundamental, change, radical, rethinking and dramatic. BPR’s core contents are application of ICT, fundamental/radical change, reconstruction of organization and directing process and result. BPR has good interrelation to ICT. BPR’s purposes are to enhance value of customers, to achieve organization’s vision and goal, to become keenly aware of cost for efficiency and strategic administration. BPR’s needs are seeking new opportunity, making organization’s competitiveness, changing environment of administration and administration for customer. Therefore, BPR is necessary nowadays.

10주차(2)

Today, I want to tell about digitization and business process. Before I talk about that it is necessary to define BRM which is business reference model. It is reference model to smooth cooperation when we do digitization. And, it supports classification according to function electronically. Also, it builds digitization system to expand association something. The purposes of BRM are to make horizontal integration through information sharing, to execute administration’s business consecutively, to process work efficiently and to manage efficiently. We can sort BRM by function and purpose. First. we can sort it by function such as policy, policy area, big function, middle function and small function. If we sort BRM by purpose, there are vision, purpose of policy, transitional task and management challenges. About business process, there is another thing that is not BRM. It is BPM which is business process management. BPM is to make intelligent and automatic process about work of some organizations. About digitization there is ISP which is internet service provider. We should use that 3 thing on e-government.

11주차(1)

Citizen participation is symbol of democracy. In other words, democracy and local self-government’s realization is citizen participation. The citizen participation includes right of citizen, choice of citizen and self-governing decentralization. Citizen can participate by administration and policy. If we talk about citizen participation’s advantage, there are many things such as to make better policy, to make strong brief about government, to embody participation democracy and governance, to make administration transparently, to embody social capital, to remove social conflict, etc. Like I mention earlier on last class, E-government is an inevitable consequence. Therefore citizen participation is an inevitable consequence too because E-government and citizen participation are pretty similar.

Nowadays, because of development of science, citizen can participate by their cell phone. We can call that kinds of thing “E-participation”. It draws less corruption and graft, converging citizen’s opinion, processing work fast, etc. However, It also draws being public official hard, being hard agreement, etc. If we consider that kinds of advantage and disadvantage, It will be better than past.

11주차(2)

Today, we are talking about cyber citizen participation in succession. We can sort citizen participation by expertise of administration and judgment of policy like electronical management model, electronical bureaucrat model, electronical citizen participation model and electronical deputy model. Also, there are some types of cyber citizen participation such as provision of information, policy decision and consultation. And, there are many sectors of cyber citizen participation. We can check all of them so I will give some examples that are election, poll, space plan, arbitration, conversation, deliberation, campaign, electioneering, etc. Next one is tool of cyber citizen participation. There are 2 types of tools which are core and normal. If we look at core one. There are chat room, virtual community, bulletin board, electronics panel, electronic voting, electronic petition, etc. Normal one are webcasts, podcasts, wikis, blogs, quick polls, surveys, GIS-tools, FAQ, LIST Servs etc. Usually, it can be that e-government can not get brief. However, because of cyber citizen participation, it is getting better.

12주차(1)/ 재택수업

ICT is the information and communication technology. It is technology which is to apply to approach and distribution about data and information based on communication technology. For examples, smart phone, internet, wireless network, etc are kinds of ICT. If we define the communication technology, it means that to collect, save, search, send, applicate, receive and process about equipment, service, technology and to accelerate digitization. The compositions of ICT are A.I., moblie, big data and IoT. AI is technology like machine can think like human such as automatic driving, automatic flying and chat bot. Also, It can understand people’s emotion and environment. And, It can infer and express information. Nowadays, the permeability about AI is getting higher in many countries. Block Chain is to save data which is in network and to prove some data. The process of Block Chain is Bitcoin – Ethereum – Ada and Eos. Then, we can sort it like Public Blockchain, Private Blockchain, Consortium Blockchain. Mixed Reality is making fake world like real one such as VR and AR. Next, IoT is Internet of Things. Iot has many types. Lastly, big data. We can sort it like platform, analysis and application.

12주차(2)

Last time, we were studying about ICT which is information and communications technology. Especially, we were talking about examples of ICT like AI, IoT, etc. Information-oriented society is coming and because of it, e-government is necessary. Today, I am summarizing next part that is the public domain. We can call it by other words such as public sphere, public domain, public sector. We can call it by many words. It means that the public domain has many meanings. First of all, public sphere was told by Habermas. He said that public sphere means all of the people can debate spontaneously and rationally. People assemble, one by one, to communicate and to form public opinion. Second, public domain means that the information which everybody can use by their own purpose. It is used in IT sector. Last one is public sector. It is organ which is managed by common good. And, it is supported by government like public enterprise.

13주차(1)

Community Customized Services is necessary so now is the age of Community Customized Services. The reason of community customized services is conative life. The national life, community’s situation, along changing of environment people want conative approach and way. Of course, we defined community customized services but the world is changing like digitization. And, the definition of community customized services is not definite and clear. Therefore, we should divide the meaning of community customized services. We can divide it like main agent, purpose, object and strategy. Existing definition does not have this kinds of division so it causes confusion about definition. First, main agent includes the cental government, the local government, a local resident and a private enterprise. Second, purpose. to reinforce competitiveness about local government, to reduce digital divide between region, to improve quality of life and to make balanced development. Third, object. The object is process of administration about local government, establishing the foundation regional economy, digitization and service. Last one is strategy. It is to reengineer business of integrating process, to exploit stable development of service. Community customized services is important.

13주차(2)

COVID-19 hits the world. Some of the people say the world can divide before COVID-19 and after COVID-19. We are the student of major of administration so we should think about changing points because of COVID-19 especially urban society, city space and policy. We can talk about three points that are to make new facility and its manage standard about group facility, to make new city management way and to remove polarization about the strong and the weak. Of course, there are some solution. First one is to make emergency and protracted project. We can ready to other disaster. Second one is to bring innovations in techniques program so we can reduce off-line on the other hand we can extend on-line. Last one is to apply to people who has high unemployment rate job. We should do ‘where‘ we should be for the world.

14주차(1)

The years went. As we learn as the fourth industrial revolution is coming in the perspective of the other revolution. We can sat that there is no more new knowledge but there is still new wisdom and creativity. It is people’s share. Also, we should think about the life’s weight and value. As mentioned earlier, the wisdom and creativity are people’s role. Therefore, we should focus on that kinds of things to develop ourselves. When we want some information, we can find it by the internet. It is our generation. So, we should make our purpose like ‘where‘ and how to go to our goal and what is our goal. And then, we can go step by step to the purpose. While we are going to our purpose, we can share our information with other people and we should accept the real and think positive.