Attendant List and Homework Check List

Department: Public administration

Student ID: 21107729

Name: Hyun-jin Jeong

Week	Attendent	Late	Absence	Homework	note
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3week	Thank giving			●
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9week	Midterm
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16week	final term
Total	13			14

Same day: attendant

Same week: late

Others: absence

Each Week Lecture Summary in English

- 1 week

Hi, Professor my name is hyun-jin Jeong.

This opportunity to listen to the professor's class the third.

Today talk about smart study, professor talk don't for eating the skin study.

Smart phone use leading to a smart study, so that can be 'smart students'.

- 2 week

Academic content is important for us, but most importantly, the ability of each student should strive to equip international competitiveness.

First, political vision is important. The population density and a large focus on the elements in order to maintain its formal control mechanisms is to function as a city, as an element for building human resources and geographical space as a citizen occurring in housing, transportation, environment, urban issues, such as the ability to control will perform.

Second, economic aspect is important too. The city's vision for the creation of the most representative of the city between the principal economic activity in the activity of spatially concentrated urban phenomenon that is generated by economies of scale and integrated the economy by the city to grow and create balance, based on the theory that the development of the market in the center and the step-by-step pattern of economic activity is to be determined.

Third, social aspect is also important, city of social, economic, and political functions are abbreviated as containers. City takes place in an orderly manner in a variety of activities reported as one organism, each of which can be especially people exchange information and life of the cell is the same as the cells are created, destroyed even if the organism is present, the city growth, development, will decline.

Since then the administrative and functional aspect is needed.

- 3week

Today class about urbanization. Urbanisation is the physical growth of urban areas as a result of rural migration and even suburvan concentration into citiesl particularly the very latge ones.

Urbanization is closely linked to modernization, industrialization, and the sociological process of rationalization.

Modernization or modernisation refers to a model of an evolutionary transition from a 'pre-modern' or 'traditional' to a 'modern' society. The teleology of modernization is described in social evolutionism theories, existing as a template that has been generally followed by societies that have achieved modernity.

Cities are known to be places where money, services and wealth are centralized. Many rural inhabitants come to the city for reasons of seeking fortunes and social mobility. Businesses, which provide jobs and exchange capital are more concentrated in urban areas. Whether the source is trade or tourism, it is also through the ports or banking systems that foreign money flows into a country, commonly located in cities.

For this reason, in these days more and more people leave villages and farms to live in cities, urban growth results. The rapid growth of cities like Chicago in the late 19th century,Tokyo in the mid twentieth, and Mumbai in the 21st century can be attributed largely to rural-urban migration.

So, The rapid urbanization of the world’s population over the twentieth century is described in the 2005 Revision of the UN World Urbanization Prospects report.The global proportion of urban population rose dramatically from 13% in 1900, to 29% in 1950, to 49% in 2005. The same report projected that the figure is likely to rise to 60% by 2030.

- 4week

In a New York Times article concerning the acute migration away from farming in Thailand, life as a farmer was described as "hot and exhausting." "Everyone says the farmer works the hardest but gets the least amount of money".

In an effort to counter this impression, the Agriculture Department of Thailand is seeking to promote the impression that farming is “honorable and secure.”

However, in Thailand, urbanization has also resulted in massive increases in problems such as obesity. City life, especially in modern urban slums of the developing world, is certainly hardly immune to pestilence or climatic disturbances such as floods, yet continues to strongly attract migrants. Examples of this were the 2011 Thailand floods and 2007 Jakarta flood.

Also, a lot of flood happened in Korea, but almost does not happen now.

Urban areas are also far more prone to violence, drugs, and other urban social problems. In the case of the United States, industrialization of agriculture has negatively affected the economy of small and middle-sized farms and strongly reduced the size of the rural labor market.

When the residential area shifts outward, this is called suburbanization. A number of researchers and writers suggest that suburbanization has gone so far to form new points of concentration outside the downtown both in developed and developing countries such as India.

This networked, poly-centric form of concentration is considered by some an emerging pattern of urbanization. It is called variously exurbia, edge city, network city, or postmodern city.

- 5week

Today showed all picture in 100 of Seoul. Change and former people in Seoul, building, image of city was known first whether it is certain image seeing, and very marvelous.

Human's space and side that is social economy of life are shading process urbanely accordingly with urbanism as mechanical civilization develops with industrial revolution, and it was known that can lift population's urbanization, deepening of urbanism, pseudo-urbanize present state etc. gradually.

Is displaying inclination which form supercity because is associated each other with city's outskirts with enormity of existing city.

Cavitation by Hearth of city living population's decrease appears.

But, it is doubt whether economically active population can see this that it is cavitation to be appeared still high at downtown area.

A new manufacturering town was grown rapidly, and information city may get born in hereafter. Mountains around the capital area is study degree by the example and development may be possible.

Cultural asset and technology reduced scale of material and immaterial that human creates and leaves in inheritance by synthesis Yesulche in age that city displays culture in the age, system, economic strength and technology synthetically appear as a result.

It was main goal of urban planning that ancient city centers shrine or palace and demonstrates majesty or dignified appearance.

- 6week

Development and urbanization of abode city progress, and urban function is focused quantitatively and qualitatively, and function picks up areal differentiation phenomenon logical order.

Such change process substantially in on-line actuality Silmyulreisyeon do can, and chase of future city is possible if can change by certain image when invest in some plan. Also, may chase the own evolution process by time considering own interest boundary, degree of effort, convergence in individual's occasion.

Is enclosing central business districtand, light industry of here is area that entersed and aggravates habitat whether it is business facility in center.  Inside of this area factory district, external area does this area Jeomijidae to residential area, and low class house or Slum is formed here.

Point be in land rent residential area of immigrant laborers be. This area is area that laborer or emigrant 2-year-old plain that go to work in the factory inhabits mainly.

Detached dwelling or apartment more than midstream is formed and item is strong traffic among Jeomijidae or satellite town or secondary center of the city of contiguity is formed in good area.

Is within attending office scope about 30-60 minute by car passing over line of guard of city. Achieve satellite town or Bed-town.

Change of city can be changed according to social structure or human form, and extension of city individual and group by dwelling, erupt by occupation and is relocated. By a race, development of reassignment and city by job expands mobility.

Geographers city of residence as well as the location of the position occupied housing types, income levels, housing types, most of the age, race, marital status, etc. depend, in time, they claim that their residential moves, and therefore House the amount of change will continue. The housing is generally preferred in the direction of self-ownership is to be conducted, but all the citizens to meet these objectives is not.

Residents in the city's position in relation to possession of land and housing characteristics of four kinds of obvious they are not evenly distributed within the city is not a city iteoseodo spatial differences in the density and the physical, structural differences in the form looks, housing quality of iteoseodo different.

- 7week

(중간고사)

- 8week

Ancient Greek city-states City Center area is the center of the political, economic and cultural center of the Acropolis on the outside, and the religious center of the city, such as Agora Ballroom trial conference center of civic life functions were performed.

Depending on the citizenship of the city geodaehwa unlikely relationships between the citizens and the dissolution, and the lack of a sense of community is lost aehyangsim bring was Therefore, in order to keep the city more regulatory and administrative costs entail, and the more urban cities led to the self-alienation and the dissolution of the community was to bring.

Growing regional disparities, housing, urban poor and unauthorized bad villages, with the increase in car exhaust, road space and human alienation, destruction of ecosystems and environmental issues, energy issues, and many problems arise, but recently improved as environmentally conscious city this gradual improvement in the environment and tend.

In the case of Korea until 1930, 80 percent of the total population, the rural population in the 1990s yeoteuna stations reaching 80% of the urban population is. Came in the 2000s to 85% in the urbanization rate is high on the painting. Developed countries such as Japan, the United States population, especially the phenomenon of the J turn or U-turn is Counter-Urbanization occurs. What Shihwa weightlifting that were concentrated in populous city in the state means a state that is distributed to non-urban such a phenomenon in the United States since 1970 has begun to appear.

How to pass information when using the Internet and the concept of distance to almost disappear above the law of supply and the constraints are not. Thus, the size of the market will change in the near-infinite. Almost virtually any Internet-connected Areas in the market, can be converted to become a truly global.

Due to the nature of the product information of the place where production constraints, this can be virtually eliminated. Wireless Internet access is common, especially if the next place almost no constraints and provide information in the virtual space of the Internet is e-commerce will become a standard. Cha aspects of the concept of localization information products rather than products and other information required by the individualization of different nature are presented.

Built up by human experience based on knowledge, and establishing causal philosophy is based on the plan. This input-output process of information, data collection and analysis, processing, etc. are linked.

Mass times will disappear in a few personality diversified products to meet consumer demand, production and distribution into an era of consumption, if such a plan is to be converted to mutual co-operative Governance.

Plan based on the needs of the human motivation and information such as the scope of the planning enforcement function is determined by the principal.

- 9week

Planning is a set of procedure, it is defined as a process for determining appropriate future action through a sequence of choices  three level of choices.

First, selection of ends and criteria. Second, identification of a set of alternatives with these general perspectives, and the selection of a desired alternative. Third, guide of action determined ends. Each of these choices requires the exercises of judgement.

The environment surrounding planning are as follows.

First, individuals have preferences and behave in accordance with them. Second, Actors vary in their preferences, and aggregation of individual preference may not be same with a social preference. Third, Goods are produced, and services, including labor, are performed subject to the constraint that diminishing returns set in a given level. Fourth, resources are scarce and consequently outputs are limited. Fifth, Planning will typically consist of interrelated parts generally in flux. Any action has consequences that add additional reverberations to such a system. sixth, Man operates with imperfection knowledge. He also often illogical, or where his several values, at least at which he perceives them, are in conflict with each other.

Purposes of planning are follows.

First, efficiency, equity and rational action. In a world of scarcity there is a need to conserve resources and also to allocate them in an efficient way, planning is seen as a means of reducing waste or producing the greatest return from employment of resources. Rationality is sometimes conceived as (1) referring to increasing the reasonableness of decisions. It means that the task of planning may be to provide information to decision-makers, and to clients and the public. (2) Involving full knowledge of the system in question, it means that planning requires identification of the best of all alternatives evaluated with references to all ends at stake. The alternative thus selected as optimal implies an efficient course of action. Second, market aid or replacement. Third, change or widening of choice. Given scarcities, social and individual choices must be made about the manner in which resources are to be allocated: how, when, to whom, to what purpose, and in what combination. The pure democratic ethic posits that no one has the wisdom or ability to make decision for the society or for another individual. Choice-making is left to the individual or to a majority of individual voters.

Planning Characteristics are follows.

First, the achievement of ends. Our definition of planning incorporates a concept of a purposive process keyed to prefered, ordered ends. such ends may be directions or rates of change, as well as terminal states. Means are not proposed for their own sake, but as instruments accomplish these. Second, Exercise of choice. Planning is a behavior which implements values formaulated, means established, and alternatives selected. Our definition of planning stresses exercise of choise as its characteristic intellectual act. Third, orientation to the future. Each of the ultimate objectives of planning implies a need in the present for information about the future. Fourth, action. Planning is employed to bring about results. It is a step in an ends-means chain leading to that which is desired. Fifth, comprehensiveness. Planning serves to relate the components of a system. In order to allow decision-makers to choose rationally among alternative programs, the planner must detail fully the ramifications of proposals.

Planning process. It consists of value formation, means identification, and effectuation. They are the necessary and sufficient steps constituting planning. Value formation are follows. Value: may be expressed as moral statements, or statements of preference, of criteria, or of ends - more particularly goals. For example, X ought to be Y. Fact is a descriptive statement involving definitions and a relationship.

Value and fact are closely related as follows. First, factual statements invariably reflect the values of planners. Second, our personal experiences depend on the values obtained by our understanding of facts. Third, we can make factual assertions about values.

- 10week

Contemporary urban phenomena by the interaction of many variables that change and everybody knows it's true. Urban problems to solve the urban planning in a simple physical phenomena that appear on the surface only to find a solution to dealing does not have a big effect. Urban development is a comprehensive development, urban planning is a comprehensive plan. The land use plan of the city past the drawing of the plan, the city has been recognized as ex.

City planners in engineering standards by the construction of physical facilities to meet the goals of urban planning has been to understand sikyeotdago, until the 1950s the city was the plan for this phenomenon. However, this plan is 50's of science and technology development, population growth, the car's appearance, economic development, environmental issues by the city in terms of internal structure and external conversion to a completely different shot him since the 60's, a new concept of urban planning has emerged.

Then urban planning, social and economic plan has been developed, in recent years the information age as a full-fledged virtual planning, and the interest continues to increase, the real spatial planning and economic and social plan to Plan fusion takes place in the virtual space, has been developed.

These planning assumptions, objectives, standards and principle, and one of the rules and practices were long-term plan. However, these medium-term or short-term business plans, including the plan lacks a plan of action was this bad. Urban growth is also unknown to the analysis of the interaction of factors and future aspects of the appearance predicted by the lack of cross-emphasized.

City is the cradle of human civilization, a complex form and spleen when formatting jiyo urban planning as a fragmentary plan was to switch to comprehensive planning. This architecture, civil engineering elements, such as housing and transportation market economy environment, population, crime, welfare education and other non-financial factors engineering and human behavior on a combination of factors interact to them in the city to encourage mutual growth plan in the direction of this formulation has been presented.

An example of a comprehensive plan of the past, ignoring the elasticity of physical facilities that influence the growth of human domination theory (physical determinism) based on the City Center redevelopment was carried. For example, in the case of public housing tenants did not solve social and economic problems continue redevelopment settled there, so that they are not after the tenant did not solve the fundamental problem. To solve these problems, a new element of urban planning as a socio-economic planning that emphasized social planning has emerged as a major challenge. Recently, the concept of creative cities, the information age comes a new change of urban planning has been started in Dubai, are prime examples of urban planning.

Future plans for the voluntary participation of the residents or citizens based on mutual co-creative urban planning is expected to achieve the mainstream, especially the cooperative governance system is activated, e-governance system, especially as they are being developed.

The 18th century, the city's laissez-faire philosophy of the changes under non-plan by the invisible hand of the market mechanism by the side of the anti-planning against planned changes were However, since the industrial revolution of the social problems of the laissez-faire system is faced with a difficult step to overcome, and various social issues, housing, transportation, environmental and other problems, and social problems and the development of these goals in the event of a conflict calibration by the public is inevitably invisible hand than in the visible hand to solve the problem, and if necessary to trigger the eminent domain restriction or prohibition of the act and the regulations and, building control, zoning, environmental such as quality control was subjected to direct and indirect regulation.

The theory of urban planning to pursue each country, depending on the political environment and the administration continue to climb Ide has changed. In the past, science, technology, and human values as the rest of you do not understand the importance of physical planning has to focus on. Today, the challenges of these three kinds of plan formulation, decision-making, planning, enforcement has emerged as an essential task.

Theories of urban planning first, rapidly developing modern scientific understanding of how to take advantage of it, and based on, leaving the second, values awareness and wise judgment, it has reflected in the planning process, and third, all related to human society deeper understanding of things, and it is to understand the changing trends.

- 11week

This week, the professor teaching the trip home was a vassal relationship. Information and communication technologies have already changed the business environments and communication methods throughout the world. World people including the Koreans are changing the way they communicate using ICTs. The predominant medias of this communication way are the Internet and World Wide Web. Particularly, the development of Web-based technologies provides a revolutionary way of information communication.

The government elaborates the information management system for the government officers, builds the delivery system of public services for the citizens, and established the electronic communication system for the business. ICTs contribute to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the executive functions of government operation, to secure the transparency of execution process, and to change fundamentally the relationships between citizens and government, between central and local government, and business and government. These things are probably implemented on the government website.

Government departments are able to improve the way of the information provision to the citizen in innovative way. Citizens can get information from the government website anytime anywhere.

Based upon key ideas which the generation of public information, communication between government and citizens, and provision of public services are implemented through the EG website, this paper notes the role and function of EG websites, reviews the direction of information communication and its development process, and finally suggests the development stages of EGs on the web, which considers the way of IC, the flow of information, and the interaction between citizens and government.

In a broad sense, we can define the EG as the web-based government that the government information resources are used in the more effective and efficient way for the citizens, business and government itself using the information technologies.  It transforms government organizations and activities, and aims to provide better services for the citizen by using information and communication technologies, especially web-based technologies.

There are no agreements on the EG development stage.  Moreover the previous studies usually did not consider the Internet and websites in spite that most of administrative information and public services are transmitted through the Internet and EG websites.  Therefore, there are no typologies on the EG development stage even if several scholars suggest the vision on the EG development process.

The territory of public administration can be distinguished between the real world and virtual one.  The latter is the electronic processing sector of administration information in the backside of EG web.  The former is the real world, which is the front-side of the EG website, where the citizens get the administration information and require the civil application settlement through the EG web.

Establish the EG website is provide the administrative, business, and civil application information by the government, the direction of information flow, large proportion of offline public service and civil application, small proportion of online service and maintain the structure and organization of industrial age government.

Interactive EG is decrease the offline service and civil application and increase them online base, increase the interaction and citizen participation, transforming the structure and organization of industrial age government, no distinction between providers and users, increase the function and role of Web in EG and high-speed Internet and Geographic Information System.

Citizen Centered EG is decision-making process which is led by citizen, increase the request on civil application and citizen participation, text, Audio, 3 dimension information system for citizen, high speed wireless Internet service, tailored public services for citizens and enlargement the function and role of web in EG.

Following the development stages of EG, it defines the principal agency of information provision, notes the direction of information flow, and to address the level of information technologies, and the level of citizen participation.  It also addresses the level of relationship on each factor.

Integrated EG is enlargement the work range and load in the web, Integration of three different EG depending upon the types of public services, decrease the offline service and application and increase them in online bases, Wireless high speed internet,  3-dimension GIS, and virtual reality on the web, Global village.

The level of human ability is decided by the brain and computer use abilities.  The human ability which creates the information will be significantly developed through the utilization of the information communication technologies which the information is presented and transferred.  EG is the most representative example of these changes.

- 12week

All new jobs will emerge in the back office. This class was a class for spatial planning system.

Spatial planning of the project according to the spatial extent of the target area land planning, regional planning, urban planning, site planning and individual building plans, regional planning, planning districts, metropolitan planning, rural planning and made fit.

The whole land area targeted for land planning, and for the purpose of improving the well-being of the entire nation that plans to establish. The creation of a rational land use nature of space and the material , the economic aspects of society, rather than the technical aspects emphasized. Policy-oriented plans.

Land planning and regional planning in the intermediate position of city planning, and planning for a particular region, development oriented, and emphasizes the economic aspects.

Korea's rapid economic growth, industrialization and urbanization has made now, but come in the 2000s, resulting in reflection and concern for side effects increase. That is, as the city population is concentrated in urban overcrowding and disorder have been spreading, thus various urban problems occurred. Urban planning in the future, just to relax or eliminate these problems and the city even more in the distant future may be needed to prevent problems.

Urban planning is to improve the welfare of citizens for the purpose of public dumyeo, centered on land use contributes to the spatial structure of the framework established.

Planning and individual building plans are just flat and three-dimensional form of land-use regulations, physical, technical emphasizing aspects, has a short-term planning period.

Land, land use planning, development and conservation as the future economic and social changes in correspondence should be directed to the development of land is to set the direction and plans for achieving them.

Land planning is a function of the use of land resources, development of long-term preservation of a comprehensive policy direction and provide a blueprint for the future with land, large-scale national projects and regional development policy direction, presenting a plan for preferred land development-oriented strategic plan indicators features, land required for the formation of the skeleton of the trunk transport facilities, dams, industrial parks, such as the need for large-scale development projects and review of investment priorities, including an overview of the investment plan, the land development objectives, strategies, guidelines, presenting a wide range of development mainly driven by the development of land in order to give consistency and nature of the guidelines, and the like.

Land, land planning as a kind of master plan, is a comprehensive plan, comprehensive plan counties, regional planning, sectoral plans.

First, Comprehensive plan land across the land targeted for the first direction, the long-term development of the country displaying a comprehensive plan. Second, Comprehensive plan is a separate jurisdiction is relevant in the long-term development targets direction is to present a comprehensive plan. Third, Metropolitan counties comprehensive plan, metropolitan, city or county of the jurisdiction of the relevant area of the target space structure and the basic direction for the long-term development, land use, transportation, environmental, safety, industrial, telecommunications, health and welfare, about the culture and establish a plan of the land plans established by land Design. Fourth, the plan area of the specific region to target particular aspect of the policy establish a plan. Fifth, sectoral planning across the land targeted for a specific sector plans to address the long-term development direction.

Urban management plan in accordance with the instructions of the city master plan of the city to direct the development and management of the establishment of specific information, such as through regulatory means-oriented plans. Planning and implementation of various business roles in charge of the city's bridges and the basic plan, the target year for achieving the urban development indicators in each category and city development plans, the resulting concrete plans and land-use planning and public facilities, including a business plan.

What is the city master plan, metropolitan cities, urban master plan of the city or county jurisdiction with respect to the basic spatial structure and long-term development as a way to present a comprehensive plan to guide the planning of urban management plan says. As well as material and spatial aspects of urban environment, encompassing all aspects of social and economic living conditions of the residents anticipate change and prepare a comprehensive plan, and forward-looking vision for 20 years and a long-term plan is to present the basic framework. In addition, information about city planning to accommodate the wide-area city, county administration and key indicators underlying the development and conservation of land, infrastructure and the expansion of the effective strategies for urban management plans.

The city zoning plan, the earth, and changes in the designation of the area and has a plan. Greatly depending on the region divided by the area of use conservation management areas, production management area, planning and management areas, residential areas, commercial areas, industrial areas, green areas, agricultural areas, the natural environment is a conservation area.