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The Challenge to

New York's World City Dominance

학과: 도시및지역계획

학번: 21110062

이름: 박숙현(야1)

The Challenge to New York's World City Dominance : Toronto, Mexico City, Chicago, or Los Angeles?

New York is the largest city in North America as a race are different. The cause of the early 19th century, many immigrants from Europe, and the reason is acceptable. Immigrants to North America, to the development of various kinds of influence has a unique role. However, these developments in other countries around enough properties in the city and the development may become an example to show that the advance. The cities in Los Angeles, Toronto, Mexico City, Chicago and other cities are given. And growing up in New York, the city increasingly being challenged characteristics will be described.

Toronto: 'the most multicultural city in the world'

First, the central city of Toronto as a multicultural society, different cultural pluralism Toronto in  has a strong recognition as a city of immigrants, the United States, but Toronto is  there is a variety of cultures in different countries around.

So people here people respect other cultures are trying to understand.

And the government, the first, "diversity, the power of our various" Leveraging the opportunities of social construction to re-check the motto, accepted, by performing its role as a model of the detection of false positives Second, you can prohibit local communities and individuals to participate equally in each living area of Toronto, and inconvenience to join the public relations actively cultural, economic and social success stories of ethnic communities and strive to remove the barriers of racial and ethnic discrimination give. Third, operating at constant, indiscriminate care and anti-racism, access and equity policies and programs so that they can be better integrated. Fourth, local communities and public and private areas, municipal coordination and cooperation between the different systems strengthens. Fifth, diverse and inclusive society as equal and as targets in Oral clarify the responsibilities and duties of all citizens are. City officials called the action plan is carried.

Use Toronto tells also presented a method for the development and preservation of the culture of ethnic minorities, change the driving force of social integration and development of future multi-cultural policy such a policy.

However, public places and traffic can be problems in a portion or (Property) congestion, to accommodate population growth rapid urban population. Immigration of new construction and extension of the building is because the increase. That you accept without properly prepared the rapid influx of people, such as ethnic minorities and immigrants, be a cause of weight dissatisfaction with each other to further society.

Rather than a policy to see the current situation, the state now has what effects in the future, that you make a specific plan with the in mind would be a wise decision. The world is a mixture interact in complex ways. In order to achieve that smart growth with the development of the information industry, there is a need to offer a wider value influx current.

Mexico City: the mega city

In Mexico City, the Toronto, competitiveness is not  insufficient, but more as 18 million urban population, it boasts a population of fairly. So, the North American Free Trade Agreement is considering matters relating to use of using the change in the local economy of Mexico City. Mexico City, has gone through the process of urban diffusion typical. Capital Mexico City is a plateau city, it have a central role in political, economic, and transportation of Mexico.

It drained the region near lake was, that it has to level ground and buried the city Mexico City is the oldest in Central America. This city, the working population will increase gradually, fiber, food, iron and steel, chemical industry, etc. began to develop.

So I began to enjoy the effect of economic strength is increased workforce and consequent industry production center is developed . However , these processes , it can be seen that similar to the appearance of the development of the first city . In other words, the excessive concentration in urban and industrial labor productivity center like this , over time , de-urbanization phenomenon occurs , likely to experience a process of decline is sufficient center of the city is that there may be seen to mean that.

have a problem of serious traffic congestion, Mexico City, tried to make a comfortable environment while performing in the city bicycle rental services in recent years before that. And, I will this became a means of transportation for poor people. Problem of traffic that has not been changed to resolve all. However, changing little by little brings good results. So, even to determine the policy gradually, it is necessary to establish urban planning and concrete accurate.

Demand for facilities with convenience and efficiency at the same time the population increases is increased . The government must be overcome this through public facilities . It is important for the policy is important to the development and growth of the city . However , placing efficiently population concentrated in one area , it is dispersed is also important . Thus , it is necessary to consider the phase of deepening and to such a life citizens satisfactory , it is possible to prepare in advance a problem with accommodating future population .

Chicago: the 'plan for urban greatness'

First , Chicago , a city famous for its architecture . The reason is due to the large fire that occurred in 1871 . However , after  a lot of effort for a famous architect made  to recover the city . So began to equip the appearance of a new city .

Chicago , used to be a fire , but the basic amenities physical , such as water supply , sewerage facilities and transportation facilities were far more . And , it was rebuilt in the form of as before . However , the building is modern than before , it was built to fit the new fire prevention rules . Branch bank large department stores , large- scale , Chamber of Commerce and Industry , emerging Corporation , the commercial center , the heart of the law , and administrative headquarters has occurred in the business district of Central . And , reinforced concrete building of the first , was built in the region. In addition , the labor force of many flowed actively is the second European immigration .

The labor movement of the early attempts were made several times to try to organize industrial workers . So, in 1894 , was also led the strike against the car company of rouser our major trade union organizer . And supporters of Adams gathered forces to improve hygiene and miserable home environment there . And , Chicago became the second most populous city in the United States in 1889 . It became a symbol of the top U.S. cities in all areas such as crime , social reform and immigration , education, and culture of economic and social by 1900.

Important opportunity decide to form the characteristics of Chicago , was " Chicago Plan " went into effect in 1909 . Edward H. Barnett and Daniel · H. Burnham , were prepared plan future-oriented . The plan was was inspired by the Columbus International Exposition was held to commemorate the 400 anniversary of discovery of America in 1893 . Since the Expo , as well as Chicago , city planning business became active globally . Beautification of the city is between long deployment , modifier of a large city more complex than New York a lot of people to the admiration to become a center of innovation in architecture haunts Chicago . Under the influence of Chicago urban planning called " Burnham Plan " , the development of other areas also come to life . For a population explosion that is expected to ensure the green belt future , this proposal in many respects , the future has set the forest reserve which runs along the lake in the city suburbs . Areas of the park that is applied to the base of the planned city Chicago for a long time afterwards , with and Cruise Ship Terminal on the beach , the coast along the Lake Michigan occurs , Burnham plan , forest reserve that surrounds the edge of the city it was used as a resort be reclamation . City , must be considered in the future in this way . According to this plan , and green population is a key part . The city repeatedly change and grow physically , but willing nature and nature that it might in part plan that can keep doing have to go to a protect the city ,  advances in it .

Los Angeles: the 'prototype' world city

Los Angeles , used to be recognized as a poor region previously. But now Los Angeles , has grown into a large city has a great influence on the world economy . There is a city called creative millions of people every year tourists visit , Los Angeles have evolved into a variety of city culture and art coexist.

Now Los Angeles is a big city to represent the United States in New York next . And just beyond the 700 , population , including satellite cities such as Pasadena , Culver City , Inglewood , Santa Monica , Long Beach around to form a huge metropolitan area of the second U.S. the following in the New York area . Urban area , is spread over a vast area that leads to the southern coast and western slopes of the southern San Gabriel Mountains in the north . It is a road square checkered pattern , redevelopment has been carried out the old city to the proliferation of car due to the rapid expansion of the city . However , planning of downtown Los Angeles early , caused many changes . And , it's unusual appearance is quite different from the previous figure . Then , the problem of urban public transport that occur because of urban development and population growth is well known that it is very serious . So , start to solve positively the problem, has become increasingly important . As a result, the problem we have to solve is increasing . So, as the economy continues to turn around and development makes its way into Downtown LA and other dense urban areas, we need to maintain the urbanity, albeit an urbanity tempered with amenities like parks, public spaces and bike-lanes, that makes our cities more viable, exciting, and livable. What happens now, as the recovery is in its infancy, will set the stage for future development. This is a turning point. Let’s take advantage.

Los Angeles is known as the region with the highest driving traffic accident in the United States . So , Los Angeles , finds the proposal of some . First , I introduced the MTA brought changes in the public transport . The MTA , a public bus in Los Angeles . And has been classified lines 240 or according to the number . Have been speaking of the transfer payment , the driver the transfer fee . Then , it is a method capable of obtaining a usable ticket to 2 times per 1 hour . And , MTA Pass is more efficient to be able to use with the subway and bus . It is possible to know a problem in traffic human alienation of the city , the road is whether a significant impact on any city you read continues . Determine the model of the city , while the length of the transport means , road , directly affect to the people . So , prepare a scheme that allows you to expand the transportation , public transport is active , information smart urban policy  must be carried out physical a positive impact to the urban structure of the future .